宾语从句01.ppt

ObjectClauses宾语从句 M3U3Grammar Iknowhim 2 Iknowwhoheis 主语 谓语 宾语 简单句 主语 谓语 宾语从句 连词 从句主语 从句谓语 主句 复合句 什么是宾语 Iknowhim Doyouhavethetime Ithink that sheisbeautiful Whydon tyoupayattentiontome 宾语位于谓语动词或者介词后 一 宾语从句的概念 从句在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句 通常放在主句谓语动词 及物动词 或介词之后 eg WeknowMrGreenteachesEnglish Sheaskediftheseanswerswereright 二 宾语从句三要素 引导词 连接词 语序时态 不同引导词引导的宾语从句 由从属连词that引导的宾语从句 由连接代词Who whom whose which what和连接副词where how why when引导的宾语从句 由从属连词whether if引导的宾语从句 一 引导词 1 2 3 e g Ihear that Hesaid that Theteachertoldus that hewillbebackinanhour hemissedusverymuch theearthmoves 由从属连词that引导的宾语从句 注 that在句中无词汇意义 在从句中不能充当成分 在口语当中往往省略 aroundthesun that 不能省略的2种情况 2 用it做形式宾语的宾语从句时 it常可以放在动词think find consider believe feel make等后作为形式宾语 而真正的宾语 that从句则放在句尾 IthinkitnecessarythatyoushouldreadEnglishaloud Wehearditthatshewouldgetmarriednextmonth 1 当that作介词except in宾语时Theybelieveinthatshemuststillbesingle IknownothingabouthimexceptthatheislivinginBeijing 由从属连词whether if引导的宾语从句 Iwanttoknow 2 Askhim 3 Iwonder 4 Couldyoutellme if whether hewillgototheparkwithus whether if hecancome whetheritisgoingtorainornot if whether 是否 说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚 常用在ask wonder can could youtellme等后 whether if MrLiliveshere 只能用whether不能用if的情况 1 在介词后面 I mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing Weareworriedaboutwhetheritwillraintomorrow 2 在动词不定式前 whethertodosth Theyaskedmewhethertogoskating 3 当与ornot连用 或提出两种选择时 Idon tknowwhetherhe sfreeornot MaryaskedwhetherIwasdoingmyhomeworkornot Tellmewhetheryou dliketogoshoppingortidytheroom 4 宾语从句提前时 Whetherthisistrueornot Ican tsay Practicetime if whether1 Iaskedher shehadabike 2 We reworriedabout heissafe 3 Iwonder heiswell 4 Idon tknow ornotheiswell 5 Idon tknow togo if whether whether whether if whether whether 1 Heasked 2 Doyouknow 3 Heasked 4 Doyouknow 5 Pleasetellme 6 Canyoutellme 7 Couldyoutellme whocouldanswerthequestion whomtheyarewaitingfor whosebikewasthebestintheclass whenwe llhaveameeting whereheis howIcangettothestation whythetrainislate 由连接代词Who whom whose which what和连接副词where how why when引导的宾从 代词或副词连接主句和从句 并在从句中担任句子成分 具有一定的意义 不可省略 二 语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序 连接词 主语 谓语 其他成分 1 Whenwillhegotothelibrary Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary 2 Whatdidhewanttobuy Idon tknowwhatdidhewanttobuy Idon tknowwhathewantedtobuy 主句 连接词 从句 主 谓 其他成分 What swrong What sthematter What shappening Whathappened 注 当从句的原句为以下句子以及what who作主语时 语序不变 eg Idon tknowwhat sthematter Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere Canyoutellmewhoheis 做主语 做宾语 否定的转移 若主句谓语动词为think consider suppose believe expect guess imagine等 其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义 一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上 从句谓语用肯定式 Idon tthinkthisdressfitsyouwell Idon tthinkyouareright 我认为这件衣服不适合你穿 我认为你是错的 Idon tbelieveyouwillfinishtheworktoday 我认为你今天无法完成工作 Iknowheliveshere Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago Ihaveheardthathewillcometomorrow 三 时态 主句用现在时或将来时 从句可用任何时态 根据实际情况而定 2 如果主句是过去的时态 一般过去时 过去进行时 从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去将来时 过去完成时 Iknewwholivedhere Isawshewastalkingwithhermother Heaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow Hesaidthathehadseenit Theteachertoldmeshewasbornin1960 IheardthathewenttoParislastnight 3 从句说明的是一般真理 客观事实 自然现象时 仍用一般现在时 Dadtoldusthatitisbettertodothantosay Hetoldtheboythatthreeandthreeissix Hetoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesun 4 从句中有具体时间状语 即使从句动作发生在主句动作前 仍用一般过去时 Theradiosaysit cloudytomorrow be Theheadmasterhopeseverything well go Ihearthey return italready Hesaidthatthey membersofthePartysince1948 be Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun intheeast rise willbe goes havereturned hadbeen rises 宾语从句三要素 时态 Summary 小结 引导词 连接词 语序 1 Theyoungmanasked it ssummerorwinter A eitherB thatC weatherD whether2 Wedon tknow theydidit A howB whoC whatD which3 Theteacherasksus Jimcancomebackontime A thatB ifC whenD whattime4 Doesanybodyknow wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot A ifB whereC whetherD that D A B C Practice 5 Couldyoushowme A howcanIgettothestationB whereisthestationC howIcouldgettothestationD howIcanreachthestation6 Pleasetellme A whatdoeshelikeB whathedoeslikeC whathelikesD whathelike7 Mysistertoldhim A whatdaywasitB whenthetrainarrivedC whoshewaswaitingD wheredidyoulive C B D 8 Someoneisringingthedoorbell Goandsee A whoisheB whoheisC whoisitD whoitis9 Couldyoutellmehowlong A youhaveboughtthewatchB youhavekeptthissciencebookC haveyoubeenawayfromChinaD haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChina10 Hesaysthatifit tomorrow he fishing A willrain won tgoB rained wasn tgoC rains won tgoD rain willgo B C D 将下列句子合并为一句 1 Wheredotheystopontheway Iasked 2 Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting Couldyoutellme 3 Dotheyliketogoskiing Heasked 4 Heisdoinghishomework Hesaid 5 Hewillcomeback Tomsaid Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting Heaskediftheylikedtogoskiing Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback 6 Isshedoingherhomework Jimasked 7 Whenwillhecomeback Tomasked