中考英语总复习专题四介词和介词短语课件

专题四介词和介词短语 1 概念 介词主要是用来表示它后面的名词或代词与句子中其他某个成分之间的关系 介词在句子中不能单独使用 必须与后面的宾语构成介词短语才能在句子中充当成分 考点归纳 2 分类按意义英语介词可分为3类 1 时间介词 如 at on in during from over for until等 2 地点介词 如 at on in across to over between inside outside等 3 其它介词 如 by with about except insteadof dueto等 考点归纳 考点一 表示时间的介词 考点梳理 考点梳理 1 Weusuallyhavethefirstclass8 00inthemorning 2015 北京市 A ofB inC onD at2 NanjingLishuiStrawberryFestivalopenedMarchinFujiabianModernAgriculturalParkthisyear 2014 南京市 A onB atC inD to3 Juniorhighschooldayswillbeoveraweek Howareyoufeeling I mtryingtokeepmycoolbecausewe vebeentogetherthreeyears 2016 黄冈市 A in inB for inC in forD for for 考点自测 D C C 4 Whenisyourbirthday IwasbornSeptember17 A onB atC inD by5 Theyusuallygoshoppingtheirlunchbreak 2014 杭州市 A againstB amongC betweenD during6 IjoinedtheLeagueMay 2009 Whataboutyou I vebeenaLeaguememberthreeyears 2013 滨州市 A in forB on inC on forD in since 考点自测 A D A 7 Hurryup orwe llbelateforthemeeting It sonlyhalfonebymywatch Wehaveenoughtimeleft 2016 湖北省 A pastB beforeC toD after8 Mr Brownwasbusywithhisworkyesterday Hedidn tgobackhomemidnight A sinceB untilC onD in9 Let splayfootball Jack OK butIhavetogobackhome9 00 Mypianolessonbeginsat9 15 A byB untilC toD after10 Youmustcome7 00o clock Themeetingwillbeginthen 2012 佛山市 A beforeB inC forD after 考点自测 A B A A 11 Youdon twanttovisitanyothermountainifyouhaveseenWuYue butyouwon twishtoseeevenWuYuereturningfromMountHuangshan 2013 德州市 A aboutB beforeC sinceD after12 Ihavebeencollectingstampsnineyearsago A tillB byC sinceD for D C 考点自测 考点二 表示地理位置的介词in on to1 in指的是在某个范围之内 范围内 如 DongguanliesinthemiddleofGuangdong 东莞在广东中部 2 on表示与某地接壤 如 HunanisonthenorthofGuangdong 湖南与广东北部接壤 3 to表示某地以外的方位 范围外 如 HainanliestothesouthofGuangdong 广东在海南北部 考点梳理 TheplantcanbeseenonlythenorthofCanada A atB inC onD for 考点自测 B 考点三 表示方位的介词1 at在 里 地方小 如 atschool在学校2 in在 处 地方大 如 inGuangzhou在广州3 on在 上 有接触 靠近如 onthedesk在桌子上onyourright在你右手边4 under在 下方如 underthetable在桌子下5 against靠着 倚着 对抗如 Thepianoliesagainstthewall 那部钢琴靠着墙 考点梳理 6 into进入 指定方向 如 Hegoesintohisbrother sroom 他进入他哥哥的房间 7 infrontof在 前面如 Thereisaparkinfrontofourschool 我们学校对面有个公园 8 behind在 之后如 Maryissittingbehindme 玛丽坐在我后面 考点梳理 考点梳理 9 among在 三者或三者以上 之中如 Amongthemountainsthereisalake 在大山之间有个湖 10 between在两者之间如 LilyissittingbetweenJimandMary 莉莉坐在吉姆和玛丽的中间 11 across横过如 Goacrossthestreet 横穿街道 12 through贯穿如 Gothroughtheparkandyouwillfindsomethingdifferent 穿过公园 你就会发现不一样的风景 13 for前往如 MissChenwillleaveforHongKongtomorrow 陈老师明天去香港 14 to到达如 IwillcallyouassoonasIgettoGuangzhou 我一到广州就打电话给你 考点梳理 1 Iliveabigcity butmysisterlivesasmalltown A at inB in inC in atD at at2 CambridgeisasmallcitytheeastofEngland 2014 天津市 A betweenB withC inD under 考点自测 B C 3 CouldyoutellmethewaytotheScienceMuseum please Yes walkalongthisstreet You llseeityourleft A onB inC forD over4 Mr Green sofficeisthe26thfloor Youcantaketheliftthere 2014 重庆市 A atB inC onD for 考点自测 A C 5 Jimlivesasmallvillageandtheairthereisveryfresh 2016 重庆市 A onB inC underD from6 Mr Wangisstronglykeepinganimalsinthezoo becausehethinksanimalsshouldalsoenjoyfreedom A upB forC againstD down7 WhenwasShenzhou10sentspace OntheafternoonofJune11 2013 A intoB atC inD to 考点自测 B C A 8 Ioftendreamofflyingaplanemountainsandoceans A onB overC ofD to9 Peter canyoutellmethedifferencesthefourwords Sorry Idon tknow A betweenB amongC forD from10 ThetrainrunsBeijingandNanning A onB atC betweenD among 考点自测 B B C 11 WewillbuildanothernewGreatGreenWallthenorthernpartofChina A amongB acrossC throughD between12 Themoonlightisshiningthewindow Everythingintheroomlookssonice A overB acrossC throughD past13 WhendidheleaveChina Onasunnymorning A inB atC onD for 考点自测 B C D 14 PeoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworldwillgoLondonfortheOlympicGamesthissummer A inB onC toD across15 CanaplaneflytheAtlanticOcean Yes butitneedstogothecloudsforhours A across throughB through acrossC across acrossD through through 考点自测 C A 考点四 介词with的用法1 表示 带着 随着 如 OurEnglishteacherlooksatuswithasmile 我们的英语老师面带微笑地看着我们 2 表示 用 以 被 如 Hecuttheapplewithaknife 他用刀切苹果 3 表示 有 带有 如 Iwanttohavesomewaterwithhoney 我想喝加了蜂蜜的水 4 表示 伴随 和 如 Comewithme 跟我来 考点梳理 1 Class let sseewhocanspellthemostwordstheseletters 2016 河北省 A atB intoC onD with2 Yousee Keviniswritinghislefthand 2014 河北省 A atB asC forD with3 Wheneveryoumeetdifficulties youcanaskthepolicemanforhelp A byB inC forD with4 MaryherparentswenttotheChimelongWaterParkonNationalDay A byB forC inD with 考点自测 D D D D 考点五 except和besides的用法1 except表示 除了 不包括后面所指内容 如 EveryoneishereexceptJim 除了吉姆 其他人都在这 2 besides表示 除 之外 包括后面所指的内容 如 FiftystudentsareherebesidesJim 除了吉姆 还有其他五十个学生 考点梳理 1 AllthepeoplewenthomeMr Wang forhehadtofinishhiswork A withB besidesC exceptD beside2 AlltheworkerswenthomeyesterdayMr White Why Becausehewasonduty A exceptB besidesC exceptforD beside3 WhatlanguagecanyouspeakEnglish French Butjustalittle A besidesB exceptC besideD in 考点自测 C A A 考点六 习惯性用法1 inthetree在树上 本身不属于树上的物体 onthetree 树上长出来的果子枝叶 2 inthewall在墙上 嵌入墙里 onthewall 紧贴墙面 3 by in与with表示 以 用 1 by表示 使用某种方式 方法 手段 后接名词或动词 ing形式 或接表交通工具的单数名词 2 in表示 使用某种方式 用某种语言 语调 颜色 笔墨等 3 with表示 使用某种工具 手段 后接具体的工具或手段 考点梳理 1 Look Thereisabluekitetheappletree A onB atC inD for2 Jeffpleasedeverybodybymakinghisdogwalktwolegs 2015 绵阳市 A byB overC fromD on3 Igotoschoolbuseverymorning butIamneverlateforschool A inB onC atD by4 Jackwenthomehisfather scaryesterday buthewaslatefortheclassbecauseofthetrafficaccident A byB onC withD in 考点自测 C D D D 5 Bonnielooksverysmartandisalwayspinkbecausepinkisherfavoritecolor A withB onC aboutD in6 Jane anEnglishgirl nowcaneatChinesefoodchopsticks A byB inC withD on7 YoucanimproveyourEnglishreadingmore 2013 鞍山市 A inB withC byD of8 allhispocketmoney DanboughtapresentforhismotheronMother sDay 2014 丽水市 A WithB ForC ByD In 考点自测 D C C A 考点七 常见的介词短语详见书本P30 考点梳理 1 I dlikeacupofblackcoffee Whataboutyou Maggie Iprefercoffeesugar A thanB forC withD to2 TheyarrivedShanghaiacoldmorning A in inB in onC at onD at in 考点自测 C B 3 WhathappenedtoMarco Hefellthebikeasnowymorning A off inB down atC off onD down on4 DoyouknowthatMr Zhangpassedlastweek Yes Hediedillness A away ofB on fromC by withD off as 考点自测 C A 5 freeeducation moreandmorepoorchildrencangobacktoschoolinthemountain A WithoutB ThankstoC InsteadofD Accordingto6 Now peopleregarddrinkingteaaculturemorethanahabit 2014 临沂市 A asB byC ofD with7 Whydoyoualwayssleep BecauseI mafraidofthedark A byyourselfB withthedooropenC withthewindowopenD withthelighton 考点自测 B A D 8 Don taskhimtostudytoolateintothenight heisonlyasmallchild A AsaresultB AfterallC BestofallD Forexample9 TheDragonBoatFestivaliscelebrateddifferentwaysthesametimeindifferentplaceseveryyear A on inB in atC on atD by on 考点自测 B B 10 Nickisneverlateforwork Healwaysgetstotheoffice A ontimeB intimeC attimesD fromtimetotime11 Danielisaboyoffewwords But heiswarm hearted 2014 金华市 A inahurryB infactC intheendD aboveall 考点自测 A B 12 What syourteacherlike Sheisalwaysstrictus A inB withC toD for