全方位设计与人因设计UNIVERSAL DESIGN vs.ppt

全方位設計與人因設計UNIVERSALDESIGNv s ERGONOMICDESIGN明志技術學院 工業設計系 林榮泰 Ergonomics orhumanfactors isthescientificdisciplineconcernedwiththefundamentalunderstandingofinteractionsamonghumansandotherelementsofasystem andtheapplicationofappropriatemethods theoryanddatatoimprovehumanwell beingandoverallsystemperformance ErgonomicDesign DesignforHumanUse ErgonomicDesign DesignforHumanUse DesigningforExtremeIndividuals DesigningfortheAverage DesigningforAdjustableRange ErgonomicDesign DesignforHumanUse ItispossibletodesignaproductoranenvironmenttosuitABROADRANGEOFUSERS includingchildren olderadults peoplewithdisabilities peopleofatypicalsizeorshape peoplewhoareillorinjured andpeopleinconveniencedbycircumstance UniversalDesign DesigningforAllUse UniversaldesigncanbedefinedasthedesignofproductsandenvironmentstobeusabletothegreatestextentpossiblebyPEOPLEOFALLAGESANDABILITIES UNIVERSALDESIGNrespectshumandiversityandpromotesinclusionofallpeopleinallactivitiesoflife 1 1ChangingDemographics 1 2FederalLegislation 1 3ChangingEconomics 1 4ChangingSocialClimate 1 ABriefHistoryofUniversalDesign 1 ABriefHistoryofUniversalDesign 1 1ChangingDemographics Peoplearelivinglongertoday Morepeoplearelivingwithdisability PublicacknowledgeofpeoplewithdisabilitiesandprogresstowardUNIVERSALDESIGNhasdevelopedinthelastfewdecades 1 ABriefHistoryofUniversalDesign 1 2FederalLegislation Barrier FreeDesign RehabilitationEngineering AssistiveTechnology DesigningforExtraordinaryUsers 1 ABriefHistoryofUniversalDesign 1 3ChangingEconomics UniversalDesignhasbecomeaverymarketableapproach sinceitaddressesthediverseneedsofamajorityofconsumer Economicstrendistheincreasing globalization ofthemarketplace 1 ABriefHistoryofUniversalDesign 1 4ChangingSocialClimate AsmoreAmericansage productsthatofferyouthfulnesswithoutdenigratingagingwilldowell Theseconsumersarenotliketheirparents theydon tfeelthatolderisugly 2 UnderstandingtheSpectrumofHumanAbilities 2 1UniversalDesignand2 2UniversalDesignand2 3UniversalDesignand2 4UniversalDesignand2 5UniversalDesignand2 6UniversalDesignand2 7UniversalDesignand Cognition Vision HearingandSpeech BodyFunctions ArmFunction HandFunction Mobility 2 UnderstandingtheSpectrumofHumanAbilities INPUT SENSORYORGANS INFORMATIONPROCESSING EFFECTORORGANS OUTPUT Vision BodyFunctions ArmFunction HandFunction Mobility Hearing Speech Cognition BODYSUPPORTSUBSYSTEM OPER ABILITY FUNCTION INTEGRITY DYNAMICPHYSICALREQUIR STATIC ANTHROPO METRICS BIO MECHANICS INFORMATIONHANDLING FUNCTIONALVALUATION AESTHETICVALUATION SAFETY COGNITIVE STATICDYNAMICPHYSICALDIMS UTILITY EFFECTIVENEEDS ART AFFECTIVENEEDS PRODUCTCHARACTERISTICS USERCHARACTERISTICS USER PRODUCTMATCHING CONSUMERCHARACTERISTICS CHOICEBEHAVIOR NEEDNOTBUY NEEDNOTUSE NEEDNOTLIKE HETEROGENEOUS SIZECULTURE SXETRAINING AGEEDUCATION BUYER USER BUYERNOTALWAYSUSER PRODUCTUBIQUITY LOCATIONOFUSE STORAGELOCATION MAINTENANCE WILLITBEMAINTAINED ERGONOMICDESIGN SATISFACTION SAFETY PRODUCTIVITY WELLBEING USER PRODUCT PERFORMANCE FUNCTIONORUSE ENVIR OFUSE IMPROVE MAINTENANCE ERGONOMICDESIGN USER PRODUCT TASK MANIPULATIONINTERFACE ENGAGEMENTINTERFACE TASKADAPTIVEFEEDBACK STATIC DYNAMIC TOOLFEEDBACK ERGONOMICDESIGN ENGINEERINGDESIGN ERGONOMICDESIGN OPER ABILITY FUNCTION INTEGRITY DYNAMICPHYSICALREQUIR STATIC COGNITIVE STATICDYNAMICPHYSICALDIMS UTILITY EFFECTIVENEEDS ART AFFECTIVENEEDS UniversalD vsErgonomicD PRODUCTCHARACTERISTICS USERCHARACTERISTICS DESIGNFORALL PRODUCTSEMANTICS DESIGNFORHUMANUSE USER FRIENDLY FROMFOLLOWSFUNCTION E D U D U D vsE D MATCHING DESIGNFORHUMANUSE FROMFOLLOWSFUNCTION U D vsE D MATCHING USER FRIENDLY PRODUCTSEMANTICS U D vsE D MATCHING UNIVERSALDESIGN 全方位設計的原則3B 5A 7P FEAAT UniversalDesign概念係1970年代由美國北卡羅萊納州立大學AccessibleHousingCenter的主任RonMace首先提出 其中譯名稱有通用設計 全球性設計 共通性設計與全方位設計 1 3 B法則 a BetterDesign更好的設計 b MoreBeautiful更美觀的設計 c GoodBusiness更高的經濟價值 2 5 A法則 a Accessible 可親近性 b Adjustable 可調整的 c Adaptable 能適應的 d Attractive 引起興趣的 e Affordable 可負擔的 3 7原則 1 EquitableUse 不特定區分使用的族群與對象 提供一致而平等的使用意義 2 FlexibilityinUse 據通融性的使用方式 例如提供多樣的使用方式 考慮左右手的使用者 依不同人調整操作的速度等等 3 SimpleandIntuitiveUse 簡單易懂的設計 不論使用者的經驗 知識等 皆可容易操作 4 PerceptibleInformation 提供可見或感受的訊息 給予使用者適當的回應 3 7原則 5 ToleranceforError容錯設計的考量 以減少錯誤的使用所造成的危險 6 LowPhysicalEffort讓使用者輕鬆的操作與利用 不需要花費太多的技巧或力氣 7 SizeandSpaceforApproachandUse規劃適當的尺寸與空間 讓不同的使用者適合在空間裡活動 F E A A T 原則 1 使用具有彈性化 Flexibility2 簡單而容易的使用 EasytoUse3 使用達到身心滿足 Attractive4 消費者負擔得起 Affordable5 容錯設計 ToleranceforError 生活中的不良設計 生活中的不良設計 問題 請就日常生活中選擇六項你認為不合乎人因工程 違反人性 有悖自然法則 或製造生產不合理的產品 加以分析並說明其不合乎人性或不合理的地方 並針對缺點提出合理的改善建議 內容 1 標題 產品類別 人因問題屬性2 設計不良的產品照片3 設計不良的產品說明4 設計改良建議或問題點5 人因問題點 設計改良建議 3 Thingsthatarehardtosee3 1 What swrongwiththisintersection 那也安呢 生活中的不良設計 3 Thingsthatarehardtosee3 9 Needleinahaystack 海底撈針 1 Thingsthatdon tworkthewayyouexpect1 5Trappedbetweenthedoors 1 Thingsthatdon tworkthewayyouexpect1 6 Outoforder 7 ThingsthatarehardtorememberWhichsidehasthegascap 到底是那一邊 5 Thingsthatgetinyourway5 3 Watchout 1 Incompatiblemappingofcontrolstodevices1 1 Guesswhichswitchcontrolstheprojectorscreen 開關到底是那一個 1 Incompatiblemappingofcontrolstodevices1 3 Stovetopcontrols 開關到底是那一個 2 Differentnamesthataretoosi