运动器材设备和方法规则类词汇.doc

运动器材和设备跑道track圈ring场地field球场 court前场fore court后场back court中场(足球场中间地带) midfield起跑线 starting/finishing line发球线service line边线foul line垒间线base line垒base垒垫，垒包bag本垒板home plate投手板pitchers plate局次inning露天大型运动场 stadium足球场(英),板球场 pitch游泳池swimming pool跳水池diving pool浅水池non-swimmers pool深水池swimmers pool人工海浪artificial waves出发台starting block水线rope with cork floats泳道swimming lane冲浪板surfboard滑水橇water ski更衣室changing room跳台platform自行车赛车场cycling stadium赛车racing car跑马场，赛马场racetrack障碍fence快跑的马trotter哑铃 dumbbell杠铃 barbell跳箱，鞍马 pommel乒乓球台 ping-pong table裁判台referees platform球网 net球拍 bat兰球架 basketball frame篮板,背板 backboard健身器具fitness equipment体育器械apparatus球 ball球拍,球棒,球板 bat垒球棒softball bat水下呼吸器 scuba球拍 racket球拍夹racket press标枪javelin运动步枪sporting rifle冰刀(ice) skates冰球棍ice stick冰球用球puck滑雪板ski雪橇bobsled单板雪橇skibobbing水橇water skiing棒球场baseball field保龄球场地bowling alley冰球场rink蓝球场basketball court 运动场sports field比赛场地competition ground本方场地home ground对方场地away ground内场infield外场outfield击球员区batters box击球员准备区on desk circle接手区catchers box发球区service area罚球区penalty area靶子target环靶round target人像靶man target十环靶decimal target移动靶moving target靶心bulls-eye靶纸 target sheet低栏low hurdles宝刀a treasured sword大刀broadsword宝剑a double-edged sword长矛pike长枪，长矛spear撑竿vaulting pole台球房billiard room登山绳climbing rope登山杖alpin-stock体操垫gym mat电动记分牌electric scoreboard吊杠trapeze队旗team pennant发令枪starting gun分道lane运动器材杠铃barbell杠铃片disc杠子bar高尔夫球golf高尔夫球棒golf club高尔夫球场golf course (golf links)弓箭bow and arrow滑冰场skating rink滑冰鞋skate花样滑冰鞋figure skate滑道slide (chute)滑石粉talcum滑雪板skis滑雪鞋ski boots环靶round target击剑场fencing strip击剑服fencing clothes击剑裤fencing breeches花剑上衣fencing jacket面罩mask护胸chest protector计步器pedometer计数器counter记分牌scoreboard电动记分牌electric scoreboard剑sward箭arrow箭杆arrow shaft箭头arrowhead剑鞘sheath箭筒quiver运动方法和规则训练 train锻炼,练习 exercise爆发力explosive force跑 run跳跃jump冲刺 rush (dash)滑行,滑动 slide 冲浪 surf投掷 throw射击 shoot开枪,射击 shot练武术practise wushu请求暂停reques time-out(比赛)得分 score球门,得分 goal主队,后攻队home team客队,先攻队visiting team一流队first-class team攻队offensive team守队defensive team摆擂台make challenges to a contest半决赛semifinals上半时first half下半时second half开球kick-off角球corner ball球门球goal kick头球header点球penalty kick倒钩球overhead kick平胸球chest-high ball罚点球spot kick罚任意球free kick罚球（足球）penalty kick触线球line ball底线球baseline ball边线球sideline ball直线球straight ball斜线球crosscourt高球high ball低球low ball长球long ball短球short ball削球cut抽球smash传球pass the ball低手传球underhand pass反手传球reverse pass反弹传球bounce pass横传球parallel pass间接传球indirect pass凌空传球volley pass手腕传球snap pass头上传球overhead pass斜传球diagonal pass直接传球direct pass接球take a pass局game盘set交换场地change sides本垒home base安全上垒safe本垒板home plate本垒打home run边线foul line罚球线penalty line出界outside不合法击球illegally batted ball不合法投球illegal pitch侧射投球法set up position正面投球法wind-up position出局out (down,away)传球throwing投球pitching触击bunt触杀touch out触网touch net得分run (score)连得四分win four points in a row防守fielding封杀force out滑垒sliding跑垒base running挥击bunting击球batting (hitting)三击出局struck-out三杀triple play 双杀double play 夹杀run down接球catching接杀put-out界内球fair ball界外球foul ball擦棒球foul tip擦网球net ball擦边球edge ball重发球let四球安全上垒base on balls偷垒stealing本垒home base步法footwork步幅stride步速leg speed踩水tread water翻腾（跳水）tuck dive向内翻腾两周半backward tuck dive with two-and-a half somersaults踩线step on the line侧手翻cartwheel turn a cartwheel ?侧泳sidestroke大回环giant circle单臂大回环single-arm circle单打singles男子单打mens singles女子单打womens singles单脚跳hop倒立handstand 翻跟头loop the loop点穴attack a vital point钉人防守man-to-man defense规定动作compulsory exercise自选动作voluntary exerciseA队对B队A team versus B team对抗赛dual meet发球serve a ball发球得分ace换发球change service发球犯规fault罚出场foul out罚球（篮球）penalty shot反手backhand反手抽球backhand drive犯规foul记录,最高记录 record创造了新的奥运纪录set new olympic record打破了的纪录break the record of平了纪录even the record成绩册（体）results运动方法规则放高球lob海豚泳dolphin fishtail后滚翻backward roll后空翻backward somersault滑翔glide 还击（击剑）riposte换发球change of service换人substitution悔棋retract a false move in a chess game混合双打mixed doubles刺中hit on the target没刺中hit off the target剑术swordsmanship界内球in bounds界外球out-of-bounds篮球禁区restricted area进入决赛enter the finals扣球smash (spike)斜线扣球cross smash直线扣杀line spike连续扣杀repeated smashes闪电扣杀swift killing smashes一次性扣杀direct smash拦网（排球）block单人拦网one-man block双人拦网two-man block换人，7号下，5号上Substitution,No.5 for No.7项目item (event)团体项目team event训练项目train courses削球（乒乓球）cut (chop)泳道lane侧泳side stroke蝶泳butterfly stroke潜泳underwater swimming蛙泳breast stroke仰泳back stroke自由泳freestyle越位offside运球dribble要求暂停ask for time-out争球点face-off spot争球圈face-off circle正手forehand正手抽球forehand drive秩序册program助跑run-up抓举snatch转体跳turning leap转体跳水twist dive自行车赛cycle racing公路自行车赛circuit race计时赛time race团体赛team race越野赛cycle-cross追逐赛chase race自选动作optional exercise走步walk with the ball坐庄be the banker or dealer拦网成功shut out扣篮dunk shot跨步上篮stride lay-up上篮lay up投篮shoot 抢篮板球rebound绕环投球法（垒球）wind mill后摆投球法（垒球）sling shot8字投球法（垒球）figure里圈inner lane练气功do breathing exercise赛前练球warm-up练武do weapon practice拍球bounce a ball推铅球shot put击倒对方获胜KO (knock out)被击