虚拟语气.ppt

虚拟语气在条件句中的用法 虚拟语气表示说的话不是事实 或是不可能发生的情况 而是一种愿望 建议或与事实相反的假设等 I 与现在的事实相反的假设 条件从句 if 动词过去式主句 would should could might 动词原形IfIwereyou Ishouldnotdothat IshouldgowithyouifIhadtime Howniceitwouldbeifshewereherenow 1 在从句中 动词be多用were 适用于各人称及其单 复数形式 Whatwouldyoudoifyouwereinhisplace Ifitweren training wewouldn tstayindoors 2 主句中的should通常用于第一人称 would可用于任何人称 根据意思的需要可用情态动词could might等代替should would 注意 II 与过去的事实相反的假设 条件从句 If had 过去分词主句 would should could might have doneIfwehadstartedsooner wemighthavegotthere Youwouldn thavecaughtcoldifyouhadputonmoreclothes Shewouldhavecomeifshehadn tbeensobusy II 与将来的事实相反的假设 条件从句 if 动词过去式should V原wereto V原主句 would should could might V原Ifitshouldrain thecropswouldbesaved Ifheweretoconsidertheproblemagain hewouldgetacorrectconclusion 注意 1 在上述三种情况下 如果从句的谓语动词含有were should had等 有时可将连词if省略 而将条件从句的主语置于were should had等之后 这种用法主要用于书面语 Hadyouinvitedus wewouldhavecometoyourparty WereIyou Iwouldkeepquiet Shouldtheyarrive wewouldbeglad 注意 2 虚拟条件句中的表示结果的主句有时形式上可以省略 但意义上仍然存在 这种句子只保留一个if only 条件从句 表示说话人的强烈愿望 If only hehadnotleft If only sheweremysister ifonly但愿 要是 就好了 混合虚拟条件句 如果条件从句的动作和主句的动作不是同时发生的 主句和从句的谓语动词的形式应分别根据各自所表示的时间加以调整 这种句子叫做混合虚拟条件句 如果他当初接受医生的建议 他现在就会好了 Ifhehadfollowedthedoctor sadvice hewouldbequiteallrightnow 如果你昨天吃了药 你现在就会好了 Ifyouhadtakenyourmedicineyesterday youwouldbewellnow 虚拟语气在其它从句中的用法 1 在动词suggest order demand propose command request desire insist等动词后的宾语从句中一般用虚拟语气 should V原 Heinsistedthatwe should talkupthematteratthemeeting Theyrequestedthatwe should sendadelegationtotheircountry 虚拟语气在其它从句中的用法 2 主语从句中 用来表示惊奇 不相信 惋惜 理应如此等 其动词形式为 should V原Itisnecessary important natural strange thatItisapity ashame nowonder thatItissuggested requested proposed desired that 虚拟语气在其它从句中的用法 3 表语从句中 表示间接的命令 要求 请求 建议 决定等 其动词形式为 should V原如 suggestion proposal request order idea adviceHissuggestionisthatwe should holdanothermeetingtodiscussit Hisproposalisthatthedambebuiltatthefootofthemountain 虚拟语气在其它从句中的用法 4 同位语从句中 其动词形式为 should V原如 fact news advice order idea suggestion proposalWhatdoyouthinkofhisproposalthatwe should putonaplayattheEnglishevening Yoursuggestionthathebeinvitedwasrejected 虚拟语气在其它从句中的用法 5 wish asif though 虚拟语气IwishIwereasstrongasyou IwishIrememberedtheaddressTheytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears 虚拟语气在其它从句中的用法 6 butfor要不是 Butforthestorm weshouldhavearrivedearlier 7 wouldrather sooner宁愿Iwouldratherheleftontheearliertrain I drather soonerhehadn ttoldmeaboutit 练习 Itisagreatpitythathe socareless A wasB willbeC shouldC is today hewouldgettherebyFriday A WouldheleaveB WasheleavingC WerehetoleaveD IfheleavesWithoutdreamsoftheyouth thisinventionmight foracentury A havebeenpostponedB hasbeenpostponedC postponeD bepostponedButfortheworker shelp we A shouldn tsucceedB cannothavesucceededC willnotsucceedD shouldnothavesucceeded 练习 Iwishmywife be heretoadviseme wereIfonlywe have aphone I mtiredofqueuingoutsidethepublicphonebox hadIwo