时态语态复习导学案.doc

动词的时态和语态自我检测和 “现在”相关时态的基本结构 (do)_ _ _ _ 和 “过去”相关时态的基本结构 （do）_ _ _ _ 和“将来”相关时态的基本结构（do）_ _ _ 思考: 上述时态分别传达什么样的时间信息?补充练习：1 I _ basketball quite well, but I havent had time to practice it since I came to Senior 3. A. willB. have playedC. playedD. play2. In a room above the store, where a party _ , some workers were busy setting the table.A. was to be held B. has been held C. will be held D. is being held3 -Bob, you cannot smoke any more. It will damage your health. -I know. I _ smoking. Believe me!A. am going to give up B. should stop C. am about to give up D. will stop 4 - Do you know why he was fined?- Oh, he happened to _ several flowers in the park.A. be seen for picking B. be seen picking C. be caught to pick D. catch picking5 . I _ something unpleasant. Something in the kitchen must get burnt.A. have smelled B. have been smelling C. smell D am smelling6 .-Id like a pen which _ well. -Will this one _ ? A. writes; do B. writes; work C. is written; do D. is written; work 7 . Send my regards to your lovely wife when you _ home. A wrote B will write C have written D write8 It remains _ whether Jimll be fit enough to play in the finals. A. seen B. to be seen C. seeingD. to see 9. - I dont suppose the police know who did it. - Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and _ now. A. has been questioned B. is being questioned C. is questioningD. has questioned10. Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane _. A takes off B is taking off C has take off D took off11. -What did you say? -So you _ to me. A wont listen B werent listening C didnt listen D havent listened12. Excuse me, sir. Would you do me a favor? -Of course. What is it? I _ if you could tell me how to fill out this form. A. had wondered B. was wondering C. would wonder D. did wonder13. Its the third time I _ in Beijing. Great changes have taken place in Beijing since I _it last time in 2000. A. have been; left B. had been; had left C. have been; have left D. had been; left14. John had just got out of a car, and _ the entrance when a voice called from behind. A. had walked to B. walked to C. had been walking to D. was walking to15 -When did he go to America? -Oh he _ there since half a year ago.A. went B. has been C. has gone D. was总结反思: 做错的时态题包括 _ 时 _ 时 _ 时 时态语态解题技巧和应对策略 1利用时态标志解题，细心识别时态“标志” Which tenses symbols do those words belong to ? Often, usually, sometimes, seldom, now, occasionally, every day, every time Now, right now, at present, at this moment, these days .Recently, lately, up/till now, so far, in the past/last few years, for five years, since, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up tp now, in the past years .Tomorrow, next week, in five days, in the coming/following few weeks .Then, yesterday, last week, two years ago, the other day, in 1982, just now.Then, at that time, at that moment, at this time yesterday, this morning, the whole morning, all day, from nine to ten last evening when, while . the next year, the following month.Before.，by the end of last year, by, until, when, after, once, as soon as 经典考题: 1 So far this year we _ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. (2008福建)A. saw B. see C. had seen D. have seen 2 More than a dozen students in that school _ broad to study medicine last year.(2005 上海卷)A sent B were sent C had sent D had been sent3 They _ on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and now we _ it as no good results have come out so far.(2005 苏)A had been working; are still working B had worked; were still working C have been working; have worked D have worked; are still working4 -The window is dirty.- I know. It _ for weeks. (04全国卷III)A hasnt clean B didnt clean C wasnt cleaned D hasnt been cleaned5 Scientists think that the continents_ always where they _today.（05北京）Aarent; areB. arent; were C. werent; are Dwerent; were6 With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _ each year. （05山东）Ais washing away Bis being washed awayCare washing away Dare being washed away 7 -_David and Vicky _married? -For about three years(2003北京) AHow long were；being BHow long have；got CHow long have；been DHow long did；get8 He _ football regularly for many years when he was young.A was playing B played C has played D had played总结：遇到时态的标志一定要做好标记反思： 是不是所有的for + 时间都用完成时态？给出一个例句来_时态呼应的原则 经典考题 1 - What would you do if it tomorrow? （05全国）- We have to carry it on , since weve got everything ready . Arain Brains Cwill rain Dis raining2 As soon as he comes back, Ill tell him when and see him. （05北京） A. you will comeBwill you come Cyou come Ddo you come3 He _ more than 5,000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15.(2005北) A has learned B would have learned C learned D had learned 4 By the time Jane gets home, her aunt _ for London to attend a meeting.(2005 天津) A will leave B leaves C will have left D left 5 - lets hurry. Professor Beach is coming. - Oh, I was afraid that we _ A already miss him B will miss him C have already missed him D had already missed him6 Listen to the two girls by the window. What language _?（2005全) A. did they speak B. were they speaking C. are they speaking D. have they been speaking 7 The moment I got home, I found I _ my jacket on the playground. (2008 陕西)A. had left B. left C. have left D. was leaving8 If the weather had been better, we could have had a picnic. But it _ all day. (2008 全国II)A. rained B. rains C .has rained D. is raining 【忌】滥用时态呼应原则。如果不加理解，滥用前后时态呼应会适得其反。经典考题 -Do you know if Terry will go camping this weekend? -Terry? Never! She _ tents and fresh air. （2008上海） A. has hated B. hated C. will hate D. hates - Look! Youve made the same mistake again! - Oh, no, not again! I _ such a mistake. A I always make B Im always making C Ive always made D I always made 根据前后时态呼应原则解题时，要把握好以下几点：（1） 在when, till/until, as soon as, by the time, after, before等引导的时间状语从句中，if, unless, once等引导的条件状语从句中以及no matter wh-, wh-ever, even if/even though等引导的让步状语从句中，要用一般现在时代替一般将来时，用一般过去时代替过去将来时，用现在完成时代替将来完成时。（2）要正确判断前后两个动词发生的先后顺序。（3）在表示客观真理的宾语从句中，动词要使用一般现在时。 具体语境 经典考题通过对近几年高考时态语态题的分析，我们发现高考英语对时态语态的考查往往以对话形式出现，一般没有时间状语，所有的时间都是通过对事情发生时的情景暗示出来的。因此，同学们要重视对上下文语境的连贯理解，根据具体语境选择适当的时态和语态。 1 -Did you watch the basketball match yesterday?-Yes. I did. You know，my brother _ in the match. (2008 安) A. is playing B. was playing C. has played D. had played 2 -Whats the noise?-Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine _. (2008浙江)A. was tested B. will be tested C. is being tested D. has been tested 3 -Im sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.-I think so. He _ for it for months. (2008江苏) A. is preparing B. was preparing C. had been preparing D. has been preparing 4 The coffee is wonderful! It doesnt taste like anything I before. （05全国） Awas having Bhave C. have ever had Dhad ever had5 Now that she is out of job, Lucy _ going back to school, but she hasnt decided yet. (04北)Ahad considered Bhas been considering CconsideredDis going to consider 6 -If the traffic hadnt been so heavy, I couldnt have been back by 6 oclock.- What a pity! Tina _ here to see you (2005湖南)A is B was C would be D has been7 Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is not an easy task because technology _ so fast. A is changing B has changed C will have changed D will changed【应对方法】 通读题干，捕捉信息，理解语境，综合运用，灵活答题。 熟记句式 经典考题 1 She _ to the office than she got down to writing the report.(1999 上) A has no sooner got B had hardly got C no sooner got D had no sooner got 2 We _ a meeting when someone knocked at the door.(2004京) A are having B had C were having D would have 3 Lets keep to the point or we _ any decisions.(2004 全国)A will never reach B have never reached C never reach D never reached 4 - Do you know our town at all ?- No, this is the first time I _ here.(MET 1992) A was B have been C came D am coming 5 -Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time? -Yes. Since she _ the Chinese Society. (2008全国) A. has joined B. joins C. has joined D. joined高考热点搭配：sb. was/were doing sth. when sb. did sth.； sb. was/were about to do sth. when sb. did sth.; sb. was/were on the point of doing sth when sb.did sth sb. had (not) done sth. when sb. did sth.; sb. have/has done sth. since sb. did sth.; Its some time since sb. did sth.; It/This is the first/secondtime sb. have /has done sth.; It will be some time before sb. do/does sth.; It was some time before sb. did sth. sb. had no sooner done sth. than sb. did sth.; sb. had hardly/scarcely done sth. when sb. did sth.【应对方法】熟记教材中出现的习惯搭配和特殊句式。这不仅对单项填空，而且对完形填空,和书面表达都大有帮助。用分组排除法解题 做时态题时，我们有时可以根据选项的特点进行分组，然后根据句中的相关时态信息排除其中的一组，最后再在余下的一组中进行分析和比较，从而得到正确答案。比如说，我们可以根据选项的特点分为“现在组”与“过去组”，“现在组”与“将来组”，“一般组”与“进行组”，“进行组”与“完成组”，“主动组”与“被动组”，等等（根据历年考题的实际情况来看，主要是分为“现在组”和“过去组”）。然后根据句中的时态呼应规律和句子的语境 特点，排除其中的一组。1 Susan decided not to work on the program at home because she didnt want her parents to know what she _ . （2005辽宁卷） A. has done B. had done C. was doing D. is doing 2. John，a friend of mine, who got married only last week，spent $3，000 more than he _ for the wedding. （2006全国卷） A. will plan B. has planned C. would plan D. had planned 揣测命题意图解题 一般说来，每道题的命制都有一定的测试目的。如果同学们在做题时能通过分析题干结构和选项特点猜出命题人的命题意图，那么就会大大增强解题的针对性，同时也可以很方便地排除选项中的干扰项。1. I think it is necessary for my 19-year-old son to have his own mobile phone，for I sometimes want to make sure if he _ home for dinner.(2006辽宁卷） A. come B. comes C. has come D. will come 2. The country life he was used to _ greatly since 1992. (2005山东卷）A. change B. has changed C. changing D. have changed 语态: 1若宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加to。此类动词 为感官动词。 feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice, watch 2 短语动词的被动语态 短语动词是一个整体，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。This is a photo of the power station that has been set up in my hometown. Such a thing has never been heard of before. 3 表示据说或相信 的词组believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand It is said that 据说It is reported that 据报道It is believed that大家相信 It is hoped that大家希望 It is well known that 众所周知It is thought that 大家认为 It is suggested that据建议 It is taken for granted that 被视为当然 It has been decided that 大家决定It must be remembered that务必记住的是 4 不用被动语态的情况1) 不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态：appear, die disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, standbreak out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place.After the fire, very little remained of my house.比较： rise, fall, happen是不及物动词；raise, seat是及物动词2) 不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语：fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to 3) 系动词无被动语态：appear, be become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn It sounds good. 4) 带同源宾语的及物动词，反身代词，相互代词，不能用于被动语态： die, death, dream, live, life She dreamed a bad dream last night. 5 主动形式表示被动意义1)wash, clean, cook, iron, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell, driveThe book sells well.这本书销路好。 This knife cuts easily. 这刀子很好用。2)blame, let(出租), remain, keep, rent, buildI was to blame for the accident. Much work remains.3) 在need, require, want, worth ( 介词), deserve后的动名词必须用主动形式 doing。The door needs repairing.= The door needs to be repaired.This room needs cleaning. This book is worth reading.4) 特殊结构：make sb. heard / understood (使别人能听见/理解自己)， have sth. done ( 要某人做某事)。 6 被动形式表示主动意义be determined, be pleased, be graduated (from), be finished, be prepared (for), be occupied (in), get marriesHe is graduated from a famous university. 注意： 表示同某人结婚，用marry sb. 或get married to sb. 都可。He married a rich girl. He got married to a rich girl.小试牛刀:1 I wont tell the student the answer to the math problem until he _ on it for more than an hour. A has been working B will have worked C will have been working D has worked 2 What are you gonging to do this afternoon? - I am going to the cinema with some friends. The film _ quite early, so we _ to the bookstore after that. A finished; are going to B finished; go C finishes; are going D finishes; go 3 Mum, Ive got a headache. -You _ too long, dear. Go out and take a break. A are reading B had read C have been reading D read 4-How do you usually go to work? - If it is fine, I _ on foot. A will go B go C have gone D wont go 5 - Have you been teaching in this school since 1980? - Oh, no. I _ in a different school for six years. A was teaching B had taught C taught D have taught 6 How about the present performance of Jiangsu Nangang in CBA? - They _ off a bad start, but they _ quite well. A had got; played B has got; are playing C got; are playing D got; played 7 - How do you find your company? - A little worried, we _ ground as a leader in the field of IT with the others speeding up development. A are losing B have lost C lost D had lost 8. Customers are asked to make sure that they _ the right change before leaving the shop. A. will give B. have been given C. have given D. will be given9. The crazy fans _ patiently for two hours, and they would wait till the movie star arrived. A. were waiting B. had been waiting C. had waited D. would wait 10 .-Thank goodness, you are here! What _ you? -Traffic jam. A. keeps B. is keeping C. had kept D. kept 11. Because the shop _, all the T-shirts are sold at half price. A. has closed down B. closed down C. is closing down D. had closed down 12. -Why on earth didnt you answer the phone? -Im terribly sorry, but the doorbell _, too. A. is ringingB. rangC. was ringingD. was about to ring 13.- I wonder how long you _ in Honkong? - Just for the weekend, then I had to attend a conference in Nanjing. A. will stay B. stayed C. have stayed D. will be staying14. The foreign friends you referred to_ looking forward to_ around our school. A. are; being shown B. being; being shown C. being; showing D. are; be shown15. -Tom has been in hospital. -Oh, really? I _. _ visit him.A. dont know; Ill go and B. didnt know; Ill go and C. didnt know; Im going to D. dont know; I intended to 16. If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, better _ it youve got some bills coming. A. forget B. forgot C. forgetting D. to forget17. I would have come earlier but I _ that you were waiting. A. wouldnt know B. hadnt known C. didnt know D. havent known18. Only after his death _ considered correct. A. had his theory B. did his theory C. his theory was D. was his theory19. _ you have an accident, who would look after you? A. TellB. speakC. SayD. Supposed20. The temple _ the classroom for the students during the war. A. has served asB. has been served asC. was served as D. served as21. - Have you finished your composition already? - Yes. I _ it in twenty minutes.A. have finished B. finished C. will finish D. had finished22. - We could have gone there by bus. - Yes, otherwise we _ late. A. werent B. hadnt been C. wouldnt be D. wouldnt have been23. Mr. Turner works in a watch company but now he _ in his sisters shop, since hes on holiday. A. works B. is working C. has worked D. has been working24 Shirley _ a book about the Tibet literature last year but I dont know whether she has finished it yet.A. has written B. wrote C. had written D. was writing25 - Look! How long _ like this?- Three weeks! Its usual here that rain _ without stopping these days of the years.A. has it rained; pours B. is it raining; pours C. has it been raining; pours D. does it rain; pours26 -Fined $20! You know you _ 100km an hour, dont you?- No, officer. I cant have been. This car doesnt do 80.A. are driving B. have driven C. had driven D. were driving27 My friend, who _ on the International Olympic Committee