合肥工业大学研究生英语复习课本重点句.doc

1I have never cultivated a mustache though Im sure one would enhance my distinguished looks and cause women to giggle as I passed along the boulevard. 尽管我确信蓄胡子会使我更加气度不凡，走在大街上会使女性发笑，但我从不留胡子。2I might be thrown into such a panic that Id blurt out . 我可能会惊慌得脱口而出. 3It is one of the paradoxes of social intercourse that a compliment is harder to respond to than an insult. Here is an area of small talk that most of us act awkwardly.在社会交往中，应对恭维比对付辱骂要艰难得多，这话听起来有点矛盾，却有一定的道理。闲聊时来句恭维话，往往让我们大多数人不知所措。5Someone utters a pleasing, praiseful remark in our direction and we grow inarticulate and our kneecaps begin to vibrate. 有人对我们说上一句动听、赞美的话，我们就慌得说不出话来，膝盖开始瑟瑟发抖。 6I cant accept with grace a compliment bestowed upon me for a thing that isnt really mine.如果别人称赞不是真正属于我自己的东西时，我根本无法欣然接受. 7The nearest I ever came to downright acceptance of this particular compliment was the time I said, “Well, we like it.”我在接受这种特定的恭维时，表示最能完全接受的说法就是“嗯，我们喜欢。” 8. carried away by the vastness of his complimentary remark . 被他的这种极度夸张的恭维话所吸引的9I think we make a mistake when we react to a compliment with denial and derogation. 我认为，对待恭维采取否定和贬低的态度是错误的。 10The situation here is much the same as the one regarding my view.这种情景，与我上述提出的观点非常相似。 11I know a man who has put his mind to this problem and come up with a technique for brushing off praise. 我认识一个潜心研究这种问题的人，他想出了一个办法来避开别人的表扬。12He employs a sort of unreasonable realism. 他采取了一种不近情理的现实态度。 13I dont think this fellow is on the right track. 我想这个家伙回答的方式有问题。 14This sort of thing, the witty reply, ought to be placed under government regulation. 这种俏皮机智的应答，应该置于政府的规定之中。 15That one, I thought, was more than passable. 我想，这个回答相当不错。 16But for every genuinely clever retort there are a thousand that fall flat. 但是，在千百次的应对中才会有一句真正巧妙的应答。 17It takes a Dorothy Parker or a George S. Kaufman to handle the quip comeback with skill. 只有像多萝西帕克或乔治考夫曼这样的人才能应对自如。18 swell out their chests挺着胸脯19I worked like a dog to get it written. 我当时写得好苦啊。 20. the unwritten code of authorhood . 著书人的一条不成文的规定.21. with immeasurably lovely egg on your face . 一脸尴尬 22There is no point in trying to play the game back at them theyll top you in the end, no matter what. 要想回敬他们是没有用的不管说什么，最后他们总会占上风。23. at the bottom of all graceful social intercourse lies poise . 在所有得体的社交场合，最根本的就是保持镇定 24Given the same circumstances I would have quietly asked for a coil of rope. 要是我遇到这种情况，我会感到极为窘迫，恨不得悄悄地找根绳子去上吊。 .25If we could all comport ourselves with that kind of dignity, and quit jittering, our social life would be much more enjoyable.要是我们的行为举止都能保持这种风度，摆脱局促不安，那我们的社交生活就会有趣得多。 26. the chances hes just making conversation . 他可能只是想和你说说话。 Unit 2 1. I date a woman for a whileliterary type, well-read, lots of books in her placewhom I admired a bit too extravagantly (unusually unreasonably high; exorbitant), and one Christmas I decided to give her something nice and, Im afraid, unusually expensive.我曾与一位女子约会过一段时间她属于文学爱好者之类，博览群书，其寓所藏书甚丰我对她的倾慕有点过分。有一次圣诞节，我决定送她一样非同一般的好东西，其价格也是贵得吓人。2She insisted that I take the books back or sell them or keep them for myself. When I protested she just got more upset, and finally she asked me to leave and to take the books with me. Hurt and perplexed, I did.她坚持认为我把书拿走，要么卖掉，要么自己留着。见我不肯罢休，她越发不安。最后，她请我带着书离开。我伤心困惑地离开了。3But I have it in me, obviously, to be, as my ex-girlfriend said, totally out of proportion: to give people things I cant afford, or things that betoken an intimacy that doesnt exist, or things that bear no relation to the interests or desires of the person Im giving them to.但我的毛病也是明摆着的，正如我的前女友所言，送的礼物根本就不合适。比如说：送给人家的礼物自己难以支付， 或者把象征亲密关系的礼物送给与自己没有那层关系的人，或者送的礼物与所送之人的兴趣或渴望的东西毫不相干。4In most cultures, most of them more sensible than our own, the giving of gifts is highly ritualisticthat is, it is governed by rules and regulations; it is under strict social control. It is also, more or less explicitly, an exchange.在大多数文化中（其中多数文化都比 我们的文化更明智）， 送礼是很讲究规矩的也就是说，受到条条框框的限制和严格的社会制约。送礼多少有点明显地也是一种交换 。5Gift-giving involves the expectations of reciprocity therefore, but we wise men of the western world avoid this fact; we paper it over with rhetoric about selflessness, about how much better it is to give than to receive.因此，送礼涉及到对互惠的期待，但我们西方世界的智者却回避这个事实：我们高谈无私之道，阔谈给予如何胜于接受，以遮掩这一点。6Ive given some thought to my own proclivities in this matter and have concluded that even at my most ridiculously generous, my most spontaneously giving, I expect something in turn as much as the next man does.我曾反省过自己在这方面的习性，并得出这样的结论：即使在我慷慨的最最荒唐，送礼完全是发自内心时，我也和别人一样期待着回报。.7We want those clichs. We want what everybody wants: the timeless, unchangeable gestures; the rituals; the beautiful wrapping paper; the ribbonsironed, no less, and chosen to go with the color of the paper.我们需要那些老一套的东西。我们需要人人需要的东西：亘古不变的姿态、各种仪式、漂亮的包装纸、缎带而且必须是熨过的、精选的、与包装纸颜色相配的缎带。8There are professional altruists, its truenurses, social workers, all these so-called “helping professions”but they get paid to dispense their services; as for governmental largess, ask any welfare recipient whether its given freely or grudgingly.职业利他主义者的存在确实是事实如护理人员、社会工作者以及所有那些所谓的“助人行业”但他们提供的是有偿服务；至于政府的赏赐之物，出手大方还是给的勉强，去问任何一位领受福利的人便知。9None of the above, however, caught my interest; that belonged to Cesar Chavez, whom I met on the ninth day of his famous fast as he lay in his austere room in the farm workers center in Delano, California, watching the sunlight fade.然而，上述之事全然没有引起我的兴趣，我的兴趣在于塞扎夏维兹。我们见面的那天，正值他著名的绝食第九日。当时他躺在德拉洛农场工人中心自己那间陋室里观赏日落余辉。10We want to give; beneath the neuroses, the compulsions, the fears, anxieties, desires, the self-pity, we harbor generous impulses, spontaneous warmth.我们愿意奉献；在神经官能症、不自主的冲动、恐惧、焦虑、欲望以及自怜的背后，我们也怀有慷慨的冲动和自发的热诚。11Whitman gave himself to the world and made the bold, massively egoistic assumption that the gift measured up. This is spiritual theory: you pass on the gifts God has given you, and the more you give, the more you will receive.惠特曼把自己奉献给世人，并且大胆地、毫不谦逊地臆断：他的礼物是合格的。这是一种崇高纯洁的理论： 你把上帝赐予你的礼物传送下去，你送出的越多， 得到的也越多。12As long as we dont deceive ourselves and imagine we dont want anything backwhen we all dotheres no danger of feeling the kind of unacknowledged disappointment over unacknowledged expectations that does turn people cynical.只要我们不欺骗自己，在期待回报时想象我们不“图”回报，就不必顾虑期待落空造成的莫名失望会令人玩世不恭。Unit 51I was troubled by skepticism and unwillingly forced to the conclusion that most of what passes for knowledge open to reasonable doubt. 我被怀疑主义所困扰，极不情愿地得出这样的结论：所传授的大部分知识都可以合理地公开质疑。2But I discovered that many mathematical demonstrations, which my teachers expected me to accept, were full of fallacies, and that, if certainty were indeed discoverable in mathematics,it would be in a new kind of mathematics, with more solid foundations than those that had hitherto been thought secure.然而我却发现：老师希望我所接受的许多数学演算却充满了谬论；假如确定性果真能从数学中发现的话，那么它一定隐藏在一种新型的数学中，其基本原理比迄今为止人们认为无懈可击的数学原理更为可靠。 3Im convinced that intelligence, patience, and eloquence can, sooner or later, lead the human race out of its self-imposed tortures provided it does not exterminate itself.我相信：只要人类不自我毁灭，智慧、忍耐和雄辩终究会指引人类走出自己强加于自己的苦难。4And there have been morbid miseries fostered by gloomy creeds, which have led men into profound inner discords that made all outward prosperity of no avail.悲观的信念滋生了病态的痛苦，致使人类内部极不和谐，从而造成外部的繁荣毫无成果。5They think hope is irrational and that, in sitting down to lazy despair, they are merely facing facts. 他们认为：希望是缺乏理性的，而专注于懒散绝望才是面对现实。6To preserve hope in our world makes calls upon our intelligence and our energy.在我们所处的世界，心存希望需要智慧和力量。.7Hardly anyone was haunted by the fear of great wars. Hardly anyone thought of the nineteenth century as a brief interlude between past and future barbarism. 几乎没有任何人因担心大规模的战争而提心吊胆。几乎没有任何人把十九世纪看作是野蛮过去和野蛮未来之间的小小插曲。8It is comparatively easy to have an immense effect by means of a dogmatic and precise gospel. . 运用教条主义的简明信条去产生巨大的效应，相对说来是不难的。 9Nor can I believe with any wholeheartedness in any partial doctrine which deals only with some part or aspect of human life.我也不能真诚相信只涉及人类生活某一部分或某一方面的任何片面的学说。10There are those who believe that what is needed is a change of heart, and that, in comparison,institutions are of little account。有人认为需要转变心态，而制度相比之下则无关紧要。11And if individuals are to retain that measure of initiative and flexibility which they ought to have, they must not be all forced into one rigid mould; or to change the metaphor, all drilled into one army。如果个人要保持他们应有的那种程度的首创性和灵活性，就万万不可将他们全都逼入同一种刻板的模式；换言之，不可把他们训练成一支军队。 12They were to be crowned by a synthesis, combining pure theory with a practical social philosophy。这两套丛书综合了纯理论与实用社会哲学的观点，演绎得非常成功。13I set out with a more or less religious belief in a Platonic eternal world, in which mathematics shone with a beauty like that of the last Cantos of the Paradiso.我开始有点儿虔诚地相信柏拉图的永恒世界，在这个永恒的世界里，数学就像理想国的最后诗篇一样灿烂美丽。14I may have conceived theoretical truth wrongly, but I was not wrong in thinking that there is such a thing, and that it deserves our allegiance.我对理论真理的构想或许是错误的，但我坚信这样的真理是存在的，并值得我们去效忠。15Personal: to care for what is noble, for what is beautiful, for what is gentle; to allow moments of insight to give wisdom at more mundane times.我个人的希望是： 关注崇高之事，关注美好之事，关注高雅之事；让片刻的顿悟在更平凡的岁月中生出智慧。Uint 6 1. I mention this incident because it illustrates the neurotic gabbiness that afflicts parents when it comes time to send their children to college.我之所以提起这件事，是因为它说明谈到送孩子上大学这件事，父母们就不由自主地神经兮兮，罗里啰嗦。2. The most infuriating conversation is the one where the parent clearly seeks a decisive, career- validating moment of emotional closure.最令人怒不可遏的谈话就是参与探讨的父母明显是为炫耀自己感情，肯定自己教育的成功找个确定的场合。 3. A second, far more numerous class of obsessives consists of people who suddenly realize that their Brand X children arent going to make the cut.另一种偏执狂父母数量更多，他们突然意识到孩子们不可能走那条他们规定好的路。4.Reality has a way of upsetting the worst-laid plans of mice and Mensa.人算不如天算5. Every dark cloud has a silver lining.黑暗中总有光明。6Those grandiose delivery-room dreams of Amherst, Bard and Duke are suddenly going up in smoke.想当年孩子出生的时候，梦想着他们有朝一日进入名牌大学的希望如今灰飞烟灭。7Invariably, they are colleges you never heard of, in towns no one wants to visit ,in states whose capitals only repeat winners on “Jeopardy” can name.这些专科学院名字总是你闻所未闻的，所在的小镇也是谁都不想去的，所处的州首府只有记忆力大赛的优胜者才说的出。8Pressed for biographical data, I explained that I was a freelance writer, ticked off a list of my credentials and said I was pretty happy with the way my career had turned out. 他急于知道我的详细经历，我解释说自己是作家，向他列举了我的教育和工作背景，告诉他我对于自己在事业上的发展感到非常高兴9Parents such as these upwardly mobile automobile chuckleheads exude an almost Prussian belligerence when announcing their childrens destinations, congratulating themselves on a job well done, while issuing a sotto voce taunt to parents of the less gifted. 这些只知道往上爬的愚蠢父母得意地宣称自己的子女要去哪里念书，陶醉在自己的成功之中，殊不知这种近乎普鲁士的挑衅做法，却是对那些儿女并不出色的父母的侮辱和嘲讽Unit 1 B An important step in becoming an effective flatterer is to understand why flattery helps you establish better relationships with others. The root cause of the power of flattery gets at a basic principle of human behavior： People crave being appreciated. The vast majority of people are of the similar idea despite different cultures. In Asian cultures the desire for group recognition is generally stronger than the desire for individual recognition. Nevertheless, the need for recognition is present. Many people hold that the joy of work itself is more important than external recognition, including flattery. The joy of work may be a powerful motivator, but even those who get the biggest joy from their work such as scientists, artists, and photographers crave flattery and recognition. Otherwisethey wouldnt compete for Nobel Prizes or enter their work in important exhibitions. Another reason flattery is so effective relates to the normal need to be recognized. Although some articles and books have been written and preached zealously about flattery, most people receive less recognition than they deserve. Many people hardly ever receive compliments either on the job or at home, thus intensifying their demand for flattery.Unit 2 BFlowers are among the most frequently given gifts. Theres a traditional floral language, and a carefully selected bouquet or plant can convey a wide range of emotions and sentiments. Red roses symbolize love as well as the hopeful beginning of a new enterprise; violets beseech the recipient not to forget the donor; orchids and other exquisite blooms indicate that the recipient regards you as exotic, precious and rare. A floral gift that evokes warm recollections will be prized more than one that is simply showy and extravagant. Heres an example： Once a customer asked a florist to deliver a bouquet of a certain variety of rose yellow tinged with red to a hospital where her mother lay seriously ill. “Theyve been my mothers favorite flowers since she carried them at her wedding many years ago,” she said. The florist found the flowers she wanted after a week of searching. The customers mother was delighted at the sight of the flowers she had long cherished. A floral gift can also strengthen the emotional ties between husband and wife. Heres a brief story of that nature： A doctor, on his 57th birthday, received an ambitious floral gift. What was it? Well, he returned home from work that day, much to his joyful surprise, he found his front lawn turned into a rose garden containing 57 bushes. “It was a wonderful, self-renewing gift from my wife a constant reminder of her and her love,” he said.Unit 5 BPsychologically there are two dangers to be guarded against in old age. One of these is undue absorption in the past. It does not do to live in memories, in regrets for the good old days, or in sadness about friends who are dead. Ones thoughts must be directed to the future, and to things about which there is something to be done. This is not always easy; ones own past is a gradually increasing weight. It is easy to think to oneself that ones emotions used to be more vivid than they are, and ones mind more keen. If this is true it should be forgotten, and if it is forgotten it will probably not be true. The other thing to be avoided is clinging to youth in the hope of sucking vigor from its vitality. When your children are grown up they want to live their own lives, and if you continue to be as interested in them as you were when they were young, you are likely to become a burden to them, unless they are unusually callous. This does not mean that one should be without interest in them, but ones interest should be contemplative and, if possible, philanthropic, but not