西雅图工作英语.doc

西雅图工作英语一共由20章组成，每章里面又分成不同的节，但是每一节都是由五部分组成：Introduction, Dialogue, Words & Phrases, Sentences和Tips。从五个方面为学习者全面补充英语维他命，下面我们节选了第六章（工作技巧）的第三节的完整内容，帮助大家了解一下本教材的内容结构，但是排版和字体和教材不同。第三节报告撰写 Report WritingIntroduction刚开始工作的时候，Cindy很少考虑汇报，只是一门心思做好具体工作。觉得花时间在写报告上太费时间了，没什么用。When Cindy began her job, she rarely pay attention to reporting, and instead just focus on completing the job at hand. She found it is a waste of time and useless to spend time on writing reports.但越到后来她越发现其实做汇报文件很重要。如果能用成绩说服老板，将来再争取资源、批准项目什么的也容易得多。But later on, however, she found report writing to be a very important facet of her work. If she is able to convince her supervisors of her achievements, it will be easier to get more resources and to get her projects approved faster in the future.DialogueHanson: Cindy，你上次的演讲表现得不错。Hanson: Cindy, you did a good job in the last presentation.Cindy: 谢谢您的夸奖。Cindy: Thank you.Hanson: 但是你的活动总结报告做得还不够好。Hanson: But your post-event report was not good enough.你要知道在外企里，光做好工作是不够的，沟通也是很重要的。You know in foreign companies, it is not enough to do a great job. Communication is also important.当你向领导、同事们介绍你的工作计划或成绩的时候，要让别人认可，你的报告质量也会起到很关键的作用。When you present your work plan and performance report to your supervisors and colleagues, the quality of your report is the key factor to gain their acceptance.Cindy: 您觉得我有哪些地方可以改善啊？Cindy: How do you think I should go about improving my report?Hanson: 首先你的报告文字太多，密密麻麻。Hanson: First, your report is too verbose.只要在直观的形式中多用些图表和原始数据，在同样的时间里人们会更有效地接受这些信息。People can get their message across more effectively and in the same amount of time by simply using more charts and raw data presented in visually appealing forms.有一门课叫“怎么用图表说话?”There is a lesson called, “How to say it in the charts.”就是介绍在配有相关图表的基础上如何做一份清晰简明的报告，你完全可以自学一下。It tells you how to make a clear and concise report based on referencing charts. You can learn it all by yourself.Cindy: 好的，我试试吧。不过我发现在PPT里画图表和图片实在很麻烦。Cindy: OK, I will try, but I found it troublesome to draw charts and pictures in PPT.我花了很多时间在研究这个上面，真正做工作的时间反而少了。It takes me so much time to study it that I have less time to do my actual job.当然这些直观的图片让别人看的时间倒是节省不少。Yet these visual pictures do save others time.Hanson: 别担心，那只是开始。Hanson: No worries Cindy, youre only just beginning!总有个熟能生巧的过程，况且，我没说你不可以加班啊！Practice makes perfect, and you know that Ive never said you cant work overtime!Cindy: 呵呵，好的！Cindy: Haha, OK！Hanson: 你看这些市场数据，完全可以用Excel做出来，转换成图表形式，贴在PPT里。Hanson: You can create and edit your marketing data in Excel, and then simply copy the finished charts directly into PPT. 市场平均的增长率和我们产品的增长率一对比，结果一目了然啊。Here you can clearly see the difference between the average growth rates of the market and of our product.Cindy: 确实是这样，那您再给我讲讲做PPT的关键步骤吧！Cindy: Indeed. Could you tell me again the key steps that go into creating an effective PPT?Hanson: 首先，逻辑是最重要的。Hanson: First, logic is the key factor.在每一页幻灯片里要有明确的目标、计划和结论；There should be a clear goal, plan and conclusion in each PPT.然后才是策略、执行活动、预算分配、人员组成、流程及结果等等这些主要的部分。Then there are the tactical aspects, implementation activities, budget allocation, staffing, processes, and results, etc.缺一不可。All of these are necessary.第二呢，就是刚才提到的用图表说话。Second, just like what I said, “Say it in charts.”每一页都要用图表或数据来支持你的结论。Every page should use a chart or data to support your conclusion.如果是活动汇报呢，你要展示活动现场的照片。If it is an activity review, you should show the pictures taken at the event site.这样显得生动活泼。This will make your report livelier.另外需要注意的是，那些动画倒不是必须的，颜色也不用太花哨。On a separate note, flash is not necessary and neednt be colorful.有时候过分使用动画，反而会喧宾夺主。Sometimes overkill with flash just amounts to a big distraction.Cindy: 谢谢老板，我会把下一份报告做得更好的。Cindy: Thank you boss, I will make the next report better than the last.Hanson: 这个很重要，是专业性的体现。Hanson: Your reports are important and serve as proof of your professionalism.当然我也不是说你要成为没用的、只会做文档的员工，这样反而变成不专业了。 Of course Im not saying that you will become a useless document producer. This would be borderline unprofessional!Words and Phrasesa stable period can be seen 有一个稳定的过程appendices附录area 区域表bar chart.柱形图break line 虚线bubble 气泡图charts 图表column 柱状表conclusions 结论curve graph线形图cylinder柱体图dot line点线doughnut 圈状表executive summary 摘要feasibility reports 可行性研究报告findings 调查结果flash动画编辑程序flowcharts 流程图gain the percentage of 在中占introduction / terms of reference 导言investigative reports 事件调查报告key messages 重要信息line 线形表line-timescale 线形时标图line-trend 线形趋势图mount to达到顶峰pie chart 饼图prediction 预见progress reports 进展报告radar 雷达表recommendations 建议say it in charts用图表说话scatter 点状表solid line 实心的线stacked column 分层柱状图survey reports 意见调查报告SWOT Table 竞争态势比较表timetable 时间表title标题weekly reports 周报告increase / rise / ascend / surge / go up / climb / mount / level up 上升decrease / fall / drop / descend / decline / reduce/ lessen / level down 下降stable / steady / remain / maintain / keep / be the same as / similar to 稳定的fluctuate / fluctuation / rise and falls / up and down 波动occupy / take up / account for / gain 占by contract / on the contrary / likewise / compared with 相比the highest / the top / the summit/ the peak / the most 最高点less / least / rock bottom 最低点mean / average 平均tendency / trend / inclination 趋势Sentences定期的管理报告应该简单描述公司相关数据和相应发展。Regular management reports must indicate the relevant data and progress of a company.为了改善现状，来自公司内部的报告与来自公司外部的报告同等重要。In order to improve a situation, reports from within a company are as important as those from the outside.要知道报告要写给谁看，为什么要写这份报告。It is important to consider who you are writing the report for, and why.回顾一下计划，必要的话做一些增减。Review the plan, adding or deleting points if necessary.找一个简单的结构方式，然后整理一下你的主要观点。这样就能一个一个地建立起你报告的章节了。Look for a simple structure, and order the key ideas. These will each make up a chapter of your report.一份报告应该包括分析，判断，结论和建议。A report may include analysis, judgment, conclusions and recommendations.一份报告一定要明确目的，例如，你所争取的目标是什么？A report should have a clear objective, i.e. what you are trying to achieve？看一下这个饼形图，你能看到30的人属于4万美元以上的那一类，20的位于3万5千美元到4万美元之间，而50的人在3万5千美元以下。If you look at the pie chart here, youll see that 30 of the people are in the above 40K category; 20 are between 35 and 40K，and 50 fall below 35K.读完每个部分，分离并概括出每一个部分的主要意思。删除列表、重复和详细说明。换成总体概述，合并为尽可能简洁连贯的书面文字。Read each section and then isolate and summarize the main statement in each section. Get rid of lists, repetition, detailed description. Replace with general statements. Combine into a continuous written piece as briefly as possible摘要可以提供给读者一个简洁的报告提纲，也是一个判断内容是否有趣的窗口，也还能为那些忙碌的读者提供一个节约时间的方法。Summaries can act as introductions to the subject of the full report, an indicator as to whether the report is of interest, and as a time saver to a busy reader.根据你之前的计划整理你的笔记，将要点放在一起。Order your notes and group together points based on your original plan.按照你的计划检查报告，按要求回答完那些问题。Check to confirm that the report follows your plan, and answers the question asked.用一到两句话为报告的每个部分作个小结。Summarize each section of the report with one or two sentences to form a short conclusion.报告一般使用被动语态时态和第三人称。Reports are normally written in the passive tense and in the third person.报告关键在于简单明了，要用大白话，不要使用行话。The key is to keep the report concise and simple. Avoid jargon and use Plain English.Tips: Becoming a Powerpoint (PPT) ProfessorPowerpoint is the most powerful audio-visual presentation program the world has ever seen. Learning to use it is a pre-requisite; mastering it is an art.1 When putting together your presentation, always keep in mind who your audience will be.There are so many different ways to build a PPT these days, knowing your audience will help you choose an appropriate2 Less is more.Do not put more than 50 words onto a single slide. If necessary, break your information down into multiple slides, but keep in mind that more slides is also not necessarily better.3 Animations.Slide-change animation is a must, but limit the amount of animation you use per-slide.4 Video/audio. Including video is a nice way to mix up your presentation, and is definitely recommended. Audio (referring specifically to background audio played during your presentation), on the other hand, should be used sparingly, as it can easily distract your audience or dampen your voice.5 Dont read directly off your PPT.In fact, try not to even look at your PPT if you dont need to. Keep visual contact with your audience and respect their intelligenceyou dont need to read slides to them for them to get your point.6 There are many tricks to be learned within PPT.For example, to conceal your PPT at any point (that is, to have a black background), simply hold CTRL and hit B simultaneously. To pause a video in PPT, just click the Spacebar.7 PPT is a supporting technology for your main presentation.The delivery of your speech is still the most essential part of your presentation.西雅图工作英语里面节选了一段完整的外企面试的对话，并把它们按顺序分成了不同的场景，方便大家理解和分析。相信，看过这些对话内容之后，再根据自己的实际情况进行改动，一定能在将来的面试取得很不错的成绩。人物介绍：Linda是市场销售总监，也是这轮面试的主考官。Steve曾经是一个私企的部门主管，想要应聘这个跨国公司的销售部经理。所以他们的对话就这样展开了。场景一：见面打招呼。Linda: Welcome, Steve. I am in charge of Sales in the Notebook Division. My name is Linda.Linda: 欢迎你Steve，我负责笔记本事业部的销售工作，我叫Linda。Steve: A pleasure to meet you, Linda.Steve: 很荣幸见到你Linda。场景二：开门见山，谈为什么辞去目前的工作。Linda: Vivian has told me that youve done excellent work in your current company. Why have you decided to leave your present job?Linda: 我听Vivian说你在你目前的公司做的很优秀，为什么决定放弃目前的工作呢？Steve: Well, I do like my current work and I get along well with my colleagues. But I think its time for me to make a change. You see, I like work that is challenging, and I think I am ready for more challenging work.Steve: 我很喜欢现在的工作，而且与同事们保持着良好的关系。但我认为现在是我改变现状的好时机。您知道，我喜欢具有挑战性的工作，我认为现在我已为迎接更有挑战性的工作做好了准备。场景三：了解性格特征。Linda: Could you tell me what types of people you like to work with?Linda: 能不能告诉我你喜欢与哪一类人一起工作？Steve: To tell you the truth, I can cooperate with a wide range of people. Im naturally an easygoing person, and I especially enjoy working with people who are responsible, friendly and helpful.Steve: 说实话，我能和各种各样的人合作。我是个很随和的人。当然，我特别喜欢和有责任心、待人友好、乐于助人的人一起工作。场景四：介绍工作经验。Linda: Next, Id like to know about your sales experience.Linda: 接下来，请介绍一下你做销售的经历吧。Steve: Ive been in sales for seven years now, with two different companies. The first one was a small audio components manufacturer. I had been working there for three years, and during that period our sales increased by an average rate of 50% per year. At that time I was responsible for sales in the Northwest Region. After three years, I felt I was ready for a bigger challenge, so I switched to my present employer, a systems integration company. I am currently in charge of sales in the Northeast Region.Steve: 到现在为止，我已经在两家公司做了七年的销售工作。第一家是一个小型音响设备制造公司。我在那里工作了三年。那时我们的销售额增长率为每年50%。那时我是西北地区的销售负责人。三年后，我认为自己有能力应付更大的挑战，于是我跳槽到（目前雇主）一家系统集成商。我目前负责东北地区的销售。场景五：团队合作。Linda: Sounds good. Everyone is talking about teams these days. Can you describe your role as a member of a sales team? Linda: 很好，人们现在热衷于谈论“团队”。你能描述一下你在销售团队里的角色吗？Steve: I see myself chiefly as an inspirer. Sales can be quite competitive and some people in this field adopt a dog-eat-dog mentalityHowever, as a leader, I charge myself with making all units within a company function as one single entity. To cite an example, in my last job, each representative handled a different region. Instead of allowing successful initiatives to be hoarded by certain representatives, I developed a system for sharing those successful sales initiatives. Soon the entire sales team started talking of their successes, not just to brag, but also to share.Steve: 我把自己当作一个鼓励者。销售这个领域的竞争很激烈，有些同事暗地里希望别人失败。但是作为一个领导者，我要求自己把公司里的各部分职能都整合起来成为一个整体。举个例子，在我最近的这份工作中，每个销售代表管理一个不同的区域。为了防止成功的销售保密自己的经验，我建立了一套共享制度，让所有业务员分享行之有效的销售策略。很快整个销售团队开始交流成功经验，大家交流不是为了吹牛，而是为了分享。场景六：最难的提问 - 假设情景提问Linda: If you are a leader in our company and in charge of a project, you will need to be able to work with a variety of people in the project team. Lets say that due to difference of opinions, the team is split into two camps at a meeting and the debate starts to get out of control. At this point, as a leader, what would you do to encourage constructive cooperation from both parties? If the two parties continue to disagree, what will you do then?Linda: 假如你已经成为了我们公司的一名主管，由你负责管理一个项目。你需要在项目上和不同的人合作。由于观点不同，（在会议中）产生对立的两方，而且进行了激烈的争论。这时，作为领导者，你该如何鼓励双方有效合作呢？如果两方面还是不能达成共识，你又会怎么办？Steve: First, I will listen to the point of views and reasons from both sides carefully and make my own judgment. If I side with one camp, I will offer facts and data to explain to the other side my thougt process. If my opinion differs from both sides, I will also give facts and data to support my third-party opinion. If an agreement still cannot be reached, I will hold onto my opinion but also encourage more reserved colleagues to voice their opinions while continuing to provide more data to support a solution. In short, my principle is that everything should be based on data and facts. And every colleague has the right to express his or her opinion. I will always try my best to reach a common ground that all members of the debate are comfortable standing on. If we cannot find this common ground, then I will ultimately make the final decision, as a leader.Steve: 首先我会仔细聆听双方的观点和理由，并做出我的判断。如果我倾向于其中一方的观点，我会拿出数据和事实说服另一方。如果我的观点与两者都不同，我同样会基于数据和事实来证明我的第三方立场。如果最后大家还是不能够达成共识，我会坚持我的观点，但允许保留意见的同事拿出更多的数据来表达他们的意见，以支持相应的解决方案。总之，我的原则是，基于数据与事实，每一位同事都有权发表他的观点。我会尽量让大家达成共识。如果不能达成共识，那作为领导者，我会做出一个决定。场景七：针对业务知识的提问。Linda: What do you think are the crucial steps of effective sales?Linda: 你觉得要做好销售应该有哪些关键步骤？Steve: I believe that analyzing clients, gaining client confidence, exploring client needs, demonstrating value to the client, getting clients to commit, and providing services to the client are the six key steps of becoming an effective sales person.Steve: 我认为分析客户、建立信任、挖掘需求、呈现价值、赢取承诺、跟进服务是成为成功的销售员的六个重要步骤。Linda: How do you gain the customers confidence?Linda: 你通过哪些手段来获取客户的信任？Steve: First, I will work to fully understand our potential customers, including their strengths, advantages and disadvantages. Meanwhile, knowing something about the project owner on the client s