名词单变复规则.doc

名 词 复 数：英语中名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词在应用时有单数和复数形式。表示一个用单数，表示两个或两个以上用复数。复数名词的构成分为规则变化和不规则变化。 1.规则变化： 1) 一般在名词词尾加s， mapmaps地图，birdbirds鸟， orangeoranges 桔子， bikebikes 2) 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词加es， boxboxes盒子，classclasses班级，watchwatches手表， dish-dishes 3) 以O结尾的名词后面加s或es photophotos相片 radioradios收音机 zoozoos动物园 tomatotomatoes西红柿 potatopotatoes土豆 4) 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i+es babybabies婴儿 familyfamilies家庭； 以元音字母加y结尾的名词直接加s boyboys男孩 toytoys 玩具； 5) 以fe或f结尾的名词，把fe或f变为ves knifeknives小刀 wifewives妻子 leafleaves树叶。 二：名词复数的不规则变化 1）child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth mouse-mice man-men woman-women 注意：与 man 和 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。 如： an Englishman，two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。 2）单复同形 如： deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese li，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin 但除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如: a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters 3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。 如： people police cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说 a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说 a person，a policeman，a head of cattle,the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。 如： The Chinese are industries and brave. 中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。 4）以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如： a. maths，politics，physics等学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数。 b. news 是不可数名词。 c. the United States，the United Nations 应视为单数。 The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。 d. 以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。 The Arabian Nights is a very interesting story-book. 是一本非常有趣的故事书。 5) 表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses (眼镜) trousers, clothes 若表达具体数目，要借助数量词 pair(对，双); suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers 6） 另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，如：goods货物，waters水域，fishes（各种）鱼名词单数变复数的练习一、请写出下列名词的复数形式city zoo country tooth mouse boy broom _ car _ tree _ horse_ bus_ fox _ branch _ baby _ family _ country._ radio _ photo_ piano_ knife _leaf_ life_ thief_man_ woman_ child_ foot_ woman teacher _ I _him _this _she_watch_child_photo_diary day_foot_book_dress_ tooth_ sheep _ box_strawberry _thief _peach_ sandwich _ paper_ juice_ water_milk_ rice_ tea_people CD 二、单项选择1. The _ in our yard are very beautiful.A. clothB. waterC. flowers2. Tom is one of the Chinese _ in our school.A. boy B. boys C. boies3. A cat has four _ , doesnt it?A. foots B. feet C. feets4. There are three _ and five _ in the room.A. American, Japanese B Americans, Japanese C. American, Janpaneses5. Can you see nine _ in the picture?A. fish B. book C. horse6. The _ has two_.A. boy; watch B. boy; watches C. boys; watch7. The _ are flying back to their country.A. Germany B. Germanys C. Germans8. The girl brushes her _ every day before he goes to bed.A. tooths B. teeth C. teeths 1）选择填空1. They come from different _A. country B. countries C. a country D. countrys2. How many _ do you see in the picture? A. tomatos B. tomatoes C. tomato D. the tomato3. They are_. A . woman teachers B. women teachers C. women teacher D. woman teacher4. Would you like _ ,please? A. two glass of water B. two glasses of water C. two glass of waters D. two glasses of waters5. Most of _ live in _. A. Germans, German B. German, Germen C. Germen, Germany D. Germans, Germany6. There are some _ in these _. A.knifespencil-boxes B.knivespencils-box C.knivespencil-box D.knivespencils-boxes7. _ like _ by air. A. Greens, travelling B. The Green, traveling C. The Greens, travel D. The Greens, traveling8. I wonder why _ are interested in action films(武打片). A. the people B. people C. peoples D. the peoples9. There is no _ in the plate. A. apples B. oranges C. rice D. eggs2）.填入所给