中考英语《定语从句》语法复习课件.ppt

中考英语语法复习 grammar 定语从句 定语从句 概念 定语从句 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子 叫定语从句 先行词 被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词 关系词 引导定语从句的词叫关系词 iwanttoknowtheboywhoisthetallest 句子做定语修饰boy 限定性定语从句 从句不可少 没有它 先行词的意思不明确 主句也不完整 与先行词之间不用逗号 e g thisisthebookthat whichiwant 非限定性定语从句 是对先行词的补充说明 没有它不会影响先行词或主句意思的完整性 从句一般用逗号同主句分开 e g mr green whoiswatchingtv ismyuncle 定语从句的分类 先行词 关系词 定语从句 maryisagirlwhohaslonghair 关系代词 关系副词 which who whom whose that where when why 限定性 定语从句的结构 maryisagirl shehaslonghair 合并为一个句子 maryisagirlwho thathaslonghair 定语从句的实质 二句合一 合并条件 人物先行在句一 又占句二一席地 思路 留 保留先行词 舍 舍去与先行词互指的词 替 用关系词代替舍去部分 1 isawtheman heclosedthedoorisawthemanwho thatclosedthedoor2 thegirlishappy shewontheracethegirlwho thatwontheraceishappy3 themancalledthepolice hiswalletwasstolen themanwhosewalletwasstolencalledthepolice 热身练习 二句合一 定语从句关系词的确定 a 先行词的分类b 先行词在从句中充当的成分 人 who that 物 which that 2 先行词做宾语 人 who whom that 物 which that 3 先行词做定语 人 whose 物 whose ofwhich 4 先行词做状语 when where why 1 先行词做主语 who whom whose that用法区别 who that作定语从句的主语或宾语 themanwho thatisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker themanisaworker themanisspeakingatthemeeting 分解 作主语 做题思路 先分解 分析 再合并 whom that作定语从句的宾语 thewoman whom that theywantedtovisitisateacher thewomanisateacher theywantedtovisitthewoman 分解 作宾语 注意 关系代词作动词宾语时可省略 whose作定语从句的定语 iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher 分解 iknowthegirl thegirl smotherisateacher 作定语 关系词判断步骤首先 要辨别出先行词 如果先行词是指人 关系词可能就用who thatwhom whose 如果先行词指物 关系词可能用which或that 然后 要确定关系词在从句中的成分 请看下表 小结 exercise 1 ihaveafriend likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic who that which that whose 3 theman legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer 2 yesterdayemilywaswearingthenewdress igaveher 用适当代关系词填空 中考热点 只能用that 不能用which的情况 1 先行词为all everything anything nothing something nothing few little much theone等不定代词时 2 先行词被形容词最高级所修饰或被theonly thevery thelast any few little no all oneof等修饰时 3 先行词为数词或被序数词 含last 修饰时 4 先行词是并列词组既有人又有物时 5 在以who which开头的句子中为了避免重复 口诀 不定代词这一伙 全用that准没错先行词前有修饰 千万不能用which 1 hereissomethingthatiwilltellyou 2 wehaven tgotmuchthatwecanofferyou 3 isittheonethatyouwant 4 thisisthemostinterestingstorythatihaveeverheard 5 icanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepicturesthatisee 6 whichisthebikethatyoulost 7 whoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting 只能使用which的情况1 关系代词前有介词时 2 先行词本身是that时 3 非限定定语从句口诀 要有which别着急 介词提前逗隔离 e g 1 thisistheclassroominwhichwestudiedfortwoyear 2 shehastwodolls whicharefromherparents 单项选择 1 thisisthebag mymotherboughtyesterday a thatb whoc whomd this2 thegirl yousawinthestreetismary a thatb whosec whichd as3 isthisthefactory alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday a theoneb whichc whod whom 4 isthisfactoryalotofstudentsvisited a theoneb whichc whod whom a a b 5 theonlylanguage iseasytolearnisthemothertongue a whichb thatc d it6 thegirlhandedeverything shehadpickedupinthestreettothepolice a whichb inwhichc thatd all 7 cleanstheblackboardshouldbepraised a thatb whoc theonewhod thestudentswho注意 当关系词作定语从句的主语时 从句谓语动词的形式应与先行词的人称和数保持一致 若句中无先行词 先补出先行词再判断用法 4 7题 b c c 完成句子 1 这就是救了那个孩子命的医生 thisisthedoctor 2 正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔 themanismyuncle whosavedtheboy slife whoisrunning 注意 定语从句的时态不受主句影响 isawawoman 4 住在隔壁的那