高中英语《定语从句》课件 新人教版.ppt

theattributiveclause定语从句 定语从句复习 定语从句 therestrictiveattributiveclause限制性定语从句 thenon restrictiveattributiveclause非限制性定语从句 定义 用来修饰或限制先行词的句子 关系词的判断办法 首看先行词 即先行词是表人的还是表物 时间 地点等 再看从句成分 缺什么成分补什么成分 关系词的具体用法见下表 关系词的用法一览表 限制性定语从句的构成 theoldladywholivesnexttoussellsbooks youshoulddoallthatisaid ihavefoundtheteatherwhomiamlookingfor ivisitedthefactorywheremyfatherworks 关系代词关系副词 先行词之后 用陈述式语序 的 关系词 1 从句位置及语序 2 翻译方法 3 构成 先行词和关系词的关系 1 aplaneisamachinethatcanfly 2 theboywhobrokethewindowiscalledtom 3 theboywhoseparentsaredeadwasbroughtupbyhisgrandfather 4 theschoolwhereistudyisfarfrommyhome themachine that theboy who theboy s whose intheschool where 关系代词实际上是先行词的复指 关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格 关系副词实际上是介词 先行词 jointhefollowingsentences aplaneisamachine themachinecanfly 先行词和关系词的关系 jointhefollowingsentences aplaneisamachine themachinecanfly aplaneiscanfly 关系代词的实质 themachine amachine jointhefollowingsentences aplaneisamachine themachinecanfly aplaneiscanfly 关系代词的实质 amachine that which 关系代词的实质 jointhefollowingsentences theladyisgreen wesawheryesterday her thelady wesawyesterdayisgreen who that 关系代词的用法练习 1 theeggswerenotfresh iboughtthemyesterday 2 thefriendwasnothungry hecametosupperlastnight 3 heprefersthecheese itcomesfromhisparent sfarm 4 thenoodlesweredelicious youcookedthem 5 idon tlikethepeople theysmokealot theeggs that which iboughtthemwerenotfresh thefriendwho thathecametosupperlastnightwasnothungry heprefersthecheesethat whichitcomesfromhisparent sfarm thenoodles which that youcookedthemweredelicious idon tlikethepeoplethat whotheysmokealot 关系副词和先行词的关系 istillrememberthedaywhenicamehere thisisthehousewhereilivedlastyear therearemanyreasonswhypeopleliketraveling idon tlikethewaythatyouspeak ontheday when inthehouse where forthereasons why intheway that 关系副词实际上是介词 先行词 1 i llneverforgetthedays weworkedtogether 2 i llneverforgetthedays wespenttogether 3 iwenttotheplaceiworkedtenyearsago 4 iwenttotheplace ivisitedtenyearsago 5 thisisthereason hewaslate 6 thisisthereason hegave when inwhich which where inwhich which why forwhich that which 几种易混的情况 及物动词 及物动词 及物动词 如何判断从句动词是否及物 让先行词作宾语 如果正确 就是及物的 否则就是不及物的 如句1 weworkedthedays 错误 work为不及物动词 句2 wespentthedays 正确 spend为及物动词 难用的whose theteacherpraisedthestudent hisenglishisthebestinourclass theteacherpraisedthestudentwhoseenglishisthebestinourclass jointhefollowingpairofsentences whose thestudent s 关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格 在定语从句中 只有whose做定语 使用whose时要注意 whose 名词 名词前不能用冠词 但可以用形容词 whose n 难用的whose the n ofwhom which ofwhom which the n 难用的whose thehouseismine thewindowofthehouseisbroken jointhefollowingpairofsentences thehousewhosewindowisbrokenismine whose thehouse swindow thehouseismine thewindowofwhichisbroken ofwhichthewindowisbroken 非限制性定语从句 thetownwhereiliveisbeautiful kenli whereilive isbeautiful teacherswhoarekindarepopularwiththestudents mrwang whoiskind ispopularwiththestudents pleasecompare 插入成分 修饰限定 补充解释 不能 能 的 teacherswhoarekindarepopularwiththestudents mrwang whoiskind ispopularwiththestudents 分析两种定语从句省略后的结果 thetownwhereiliveisbeautiful kenli whereilive isbeautiful 分析两种定语从句省略后的结果 限制性定语从句省略后主语所指就不明确 所以不能省略 非限制性定语从句和单句的比较 2 hefailedintheexam madehisparentsangry 3 hefailedintheexam madehisparentsangry 4 hehastwosons bothof areteachers 5 hehastwosons bothof areteachers this which whom them 1 iamreadingharryporter isaninterestingbook which as引导的非限制性定语从句 theearthisround isknowntoall theearthisround isknowntoall isknowntoall theearthisround isknowntoallthattheearthisround it which as as it as具有正如之意 与之搭配的动词一般是固定的 如 asyouknow asyousee asweplanned asweexpected 定语从句在句首时只能用as as引导的非限制性定语从句 1 thisisthesamepenasilost thisisthesamepenthatilost pleasecompare 这本书和我丢的那本一模一样 这本书就是我丢的那本 as引导的限制性定语从句 2 thisissuchaninterestingbook wealllike thisissointerestingabook wealllike thisissuchaninterestingbook wealllikeit thisissointerestingabook wealllikeit as that pleasecompletethefollowingsentencesandcompare as that 这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书 定语从句 这本书如此有趣 大家都喜欢 结果状语从句 介词 whom which 介词的判断办法 如果看不出介词与动词 名词及形容词的搭配 那么 我们可以讲先行词放在从句中 将从句变成一个介词填空 就可以将问题简化 介词 关系代词的情况1 themanwhomyouspokewasascientist thecitywhichshelivesisfaraway to in 可以改为 youspoke theman shelives thecity 注意 介词 whom 表人 which 表物 介词 关系代词的情况2 themanwho whomyouspokewasascientist thecitythat whichshelivesisfaraway to in arethesetwosentencesright 介词 关系代词的情况3 themanwho whomyouspokewasascientist thecitythat whichshelivesisfaraway to in arethesetwosentencesright 可见 who that不能用与介词之后 介词 关系代词的情况4 isthisthewatchthatyouarelookingfor theoldmanwhomiamlookingafterisbetter 在固定短语中介词不能提前 下面两句中的介词能提前吗 1 doyoulikethebookshespent 10 2 doyoulikethebookshepaid 10 3 doyoulikethebookshelearnedalot 4 doyoulikethebooksheoftentalks 5 hebuiltatelescopehecouldstudytheskies 介词 关系代词的情况练习 onwhich forwhich fromwhich aboutwhich throughwhich 6 thereisatalltreeoutside standsourteacher 7 chinahasalotofrivers thesecondlongest istheyellowriver 8 thetower peoplecanhaveagoodviewisonthehill 9 theman ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwrestling 10 hepaidtheboy 10forwashingtenwindows most hadn tbeencleanedforatleastayear underwhich ofwhich fromwhich towhom ofwhich 1 不 当先行词是不定代词时 如 all few little much every something anything everything 等 只能用that做关系代词的情况 2 日 谐音the当先行词被theonly thevery thesame little few no any等修饰时 4 两 当人和物合做先行词时 3 赘 谐音最高级婿 谐音序数词当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 5 在疑问词who which what开头的句子中 可以用口诀记忆 不日赘两婿 在非限制性定语从句中 只能用which做关系代词的情况 在介词后面 1 hedidall everything hecouldtohelpme 2 thisistheverything iamafter 3 wetalkedaboutthemen