人教版（新目标）初中九年级Unit11Couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare期末知识梳理.doc

人教版（新目标）初中九年级Unit 11 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are期末知识梳理重要词汇解析1. buy v. 买动词buy的意思是“买”，它构成动词短语是buy something from 从.买东西，buy somebody something 给某人买东西。【经典例句】His father bought him a new bike yesterday. 昨天他爸爸给他买了一辆新自行车。2. talk about 谈论动词短语talk about的意思是“谈论、讨论有关.”。talk to/with somebody的意思是“同某人谈话”，所以talk to some students about something的意思是“就某事和某人谈（讨）论”。【经典例句】Lets talk to your parents about your study.咱们和你的父母谈论一下你的学习情况。3. fresh 新鲜的fresh是形容词，它的意思是“新鲜的”，它修饰名词作定语或者表语。【经典例句】These grapes are very fresh. 这些葡萄非常新鲜。4. prefer 更喜欢动词prefer的意思是“更喜欢”，它的后面用名词、代词或者动名词。它可以构成短语prefer A to B，它的意思是“与B相比更喜欢A”，prefer to的中间用名词、代词或者动名词。【经典例句】I prefer apples to bananas. 与香蕉相比我更喜欢苹果。5. while 当.时候、和.同时while是连词，它的意思是“当.时候、和.同时”。【经典例句】Our friends arrived while we were having dinner. 当我们吃饭的时候，朋友们来了。while和when是同义词，while后面的动词是延续性的、可持续性的；when的后面可以是延续性的动词，也可以是非延续性的动词。【经典例句】I was watching TV when you called. 当你打电话的时候我在看电视。6. include 包括include是动词，它的意思是“包括”，including是介词，也表示“包括”的意思。【经典例句】All of your family can go traveling, including your grandfather. 你们家所有的人包括你的爷爷都可以去旅游。7. wonder 惊讶、惊奇、想知道 wonder是动词，它的意思是“惊讶、惊奇、想知道”。wonder可以构成句型：wonderat或者that从句。【经典例句】I wonder that you come here on foot. 我非常惊奇你竟然步行来的。wonder特殊疑问词从句。【经典例句】I wonder why you can t come to our party. 我们想知道你为什么不参加我们的晚会。wonder 特殊疑问词动词不定式。【经典例句】I wonder when to go there. 我想知道什么时候去那里。8. need 需要need是动词，它的意思是“需要”。【经典例句】We need to do the work at once. 我们需要马上做这件工作。need还可以是情态动词，表示需要的意思。【经典例句】Need I clean the blackboard now? 我现在需要擦黑板吗？重点句型汇总1. Can you tell me where I can buy a dictionary? 你能告诉我在哪里可以买到词典？2. Could you tell me where to exchange money? 你能告诉我去哪里换钱？Sure. Take the elevator to the second floor. The bank is on the left. 当然可以。乘坐电梯到二楼。银行在左边。3. We decided to talk to some students about why they go there. 我们决定和一些同学谈论一下他们为什么去那里。4. The air isnt fresh. I prefer being outside. Also, its usually crowded.空气不太新鲜。我喜欢呆在外面。并且商业街也非常拥挤。5. While the children have fun, parents can take dance lesson on the beach. 当孩子们嬉闹的时候，父母可以在海滩上上舞蹈课。交际用语 1. Do you know where I can get a dictionary?你知道我在哪里能买到字典？2. Could you tell me how to get to the post office?你能告诉我邮局怎么走吗？3. Can you please tell me where I can get some magazines?你能告诉我在哪儿能买到一些杂志？4. Could you please tell me if there are many good museums?你能告诉我这里有没有好的博物馆？5. Yes. Theres a fascinating science museum.有，有一家迷人的科技馆。6. The museum is really interesting.那所博物馆真的很有趣。7. Turn left / right. Take the escalator to the second floor.向左转/向右转。乘扶梯上二楼。8. The drugstore is between the furniture store and the bookstore.药店在家具店和书店之间。9. The bank is next to the bookstore.银行在书店旁边。10. Go past the bank.走过银行。重要语法 宾语从句【课文讲解】1Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?请你告诉我厕所在哪儿好吗？Could you？是个句型，could在此不是过去形式，它此时表示语气婉转、有礼貌。在希望得到肯定答复的疑问句中，以及在含有表示建议、请求和征求意见语气的疑问句中，常用some和something，而不用any和anything。【例】（1）Could you lend me your motorbike, please? 请把你的摩托车借给我好吗？（2）Could you tell me something about yourself请谈谈你自己好吗？（3）Would you like to have some apples? 你们要吃苹果吗？（4）What about saying something about your school? 说说你学校的情况好吗？（5）Will you please give the poor boy something to eat? 请给那可怜的孩子一点吃的东西好吗？2Can you please tell me where I can get a dictionary? 请你告诉我在哪儿能买到字典好吗？Can you please tell，是个句型，它后面可跟宾语从句，也可跟不定式结构。can可换成could, would, will。【例】（1）Could you please tell me where we show our tickets? 请告诉我我们在哪儿验票好吗？（2）Would you tell me how much it costs to fly to Canada? 你能告诉我乘飞机去加拿大要多少钱吗？（3）Will you tell me when we will have a meeting? 请告诉我我们什么时候开会好吗？（4）Can you tell me who the old man is? 你能告诉我那位老人是谁吗？（5）Could you tell me how to get to the post office? 你能告诉我到邮局怎么走吗？（6）Can you tell me what to do next? 你能告诉我下一步怎么做吗？3Take the elevator to the second floor.乘电梯上二楼。take在此表示“搭、乘”的意思。【例】（1）He told me to take an express他叫我搭乘特别快车。（2）She takes a bus to work every day她每天乘公共汽车上班。（3）在美国和英国，对楼层的说法是不同的，请对比：美国：on the first floor在一楼on the second floor在二楼on the third floor在三楼英国：on the ground floor在一楼on the first floor在二楼on the second floor在三楼4. The drugstore is between the furniture store and the bookstore(1)between prep.“在两者之间”，常与and连用。例如：Do you know the difference between the two verbs “bring” and “take”?你知道bring和take这两个动词的区别吗?(2)among prep“在当中”，指三者或三者以上之间。例如：They saw a village among the hills他们看到群山中有个村庄。5. Do you know where I can exchange money？你知道我在哪可以换钱吗？exchange money指的是两种不同的币种间的交换。如：exchange Pounds for Dollars用英磅换美元exchange作为n是外币兑换本金之意。6.The bank is next to the bookstore银行在书店的隔壁。next to是“贴近，隔壁”的意思。【例】（1）The house standing next to ours is a cinema我们隔壁的那幢房子是一家电影院。（2）Who is crying in the room next to mine? 谁在我隔壁房间里哭？7. We decided to talk to some students about why they go there. 我们决定和一些同学谈论一下他们为何去那。decide to do sth.意为决定做某事。例：I have decided to sell my house.我已决定卖掉房子。此外有此意义的词组还有：（1）make ones decision to do sth.decision n.决定（2）make up ones mind to do sth.（3）set ones mind to do sth.如：He made his decision to go to the USA.他决定去美国了。He needs someone to make up his mind for him.他需要别人替他做决定。8. I go to the mall because my friend hang out there.我去的原因是我的朋友经常在那闲逛。hang out意为闲逛，此外hang about / around亦有此意。如：Men hanging about at street corner, waiting for the pubs to open. 闲逛在街道拐角上等着酒店开门的人们。9I prefer being outside prefer vt“较喜欢”宁愿”，其后可接名词、-ing形式及动词不定式，还可用在“preferto”结构中，表示“喜欢而不喜欢”。例如：Do you prefer coffee or tea?你喜欢咖啡还是茶?I prefer walking after supper我喜欢晚饭后散步。He prefers to wait until evening他宁愿等到天黑。I prefer doing to talking我喜欢做不喜欢说。10Theres always something happening总会有事发生。happening是现在分词作定语，当然过去分词也可作定语。【例】（1）We can see the rising sun我们可以看到东升的旭日。（2）He is a retired worker他是位退休工人。（3）There was a girl sitting there有个女孩坐在那里。（4）This is the question given这是所给的问题。（5）There is nothing interesting没有有趣的东西。11. Its also just fun to watch people.（1）fun娱乐、快乐 为不可数名词，上句意为观看人就是很有趣的。（2）for / in fun意为开玩笑地、非认真地。例：He said it only for fun.他只是说着玩的。（3）make fun of取笑“Its+名词形容词+to do sth”结构，其中“作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。例如：It is a great pleasure to talk with him。和他谈话是一件非常愉快的事。It is necessary for us to have some exercise every day我们每天需要一些运动。12. When I go into stores I always spend too much money.当我走进商店，我总会花掉很多的钱。（1）spend意为花钱，用钱spend money on sth.例：She spends too much money on clothes.她花在服装上的钱太多。（2）spend意为“用尽，耗尽”spend sth. on sth. / in doing sth.例：They always spend a lot of time（in）explaining a plan / on a projector.他们总会花费很多的时间来说明一项计划/于一项计划。13. Its kind of small.它有点小。kind of有点，相当。例：Im feeling kind of tired我感到有点累。14. Go past the park.走过公园。（1）past此处为介词，意为“越过”。例：男孩们从我们身旁越过。（2）past还可以作为副词用，意为“经过”。例：Days went past without any news.日子过去了，一点消息也没有。（3）past还可以作为名词来用，the past以前，过去的事，往事In the past he has been a milkman and now hes a farmer.从前他曾经是送牛奶工人，现在他是个农场主。15. Watertown is a great place for the family to take a vacation. 对一个家庭来说，水乡（城）是一个度假的好地方。（1）someplace + is +for sb. to do sth.是大家常用的一个固定句型。如：Library is a quiet place for students to read books.（2）vacation是假期，休假之意，有短语on vacation例：They are in Florida on vacation.他们正在佛罗里达度假。16. A different rock band plays at Uncle Bobs every night. 每天晚上在鲍勃叔叔的餐馆里总有一支不同的摇滚乐队演奏。Uncle Bobs中s属格后的名词省略掉了。因为s属格后的名词如指商店、家宅等地点时，该名词常省略。如：at the doctors在诊所to my uncles到我叔叔家Johnsons = Johnsons Shop约翰逊商店【典型考题】1.Do you know how _ to Beijing yesterday?A. he came B. did he come C. he did come D. he come【答案与解析】答案是A。本句子是考查宾语从句的用法。以特殊疑问词how引导的宾语从句，用陈述语序即不需要用助动词did。宾语从句的时态是一般过去时，所以用he came。2.Could you tell _ to the post office？Sure. Go on until you get to the school, then turn left. Its on your right.A. how can I get B. how to get C. the way D. B and C【答案与解析】答案是D。本句子是考查问路与指路的日常交际英语，由特殊疑问词how和动词不定式连用作tell的宾语，也可以用the way to表示“去某地的路”的意思，所以B和C都可以。3. You can _ how to go there tomorrow.A. talk about B. hear from C. talk with D. put off【答案与解析】答案是A。本句子是考查动词短语的用法。根据句子的意思和内容应该用动词短语talk about表示“谈论”的意思。4.My father prefers _ at home to _ to movies.A. to stay; go B. staying; go C. stay; going D. staying; going【答案与解析】答案是D。在动词短语prefer to的后面用动名词形式作宾语，前后两个动词都用动名词形式。5.While you _ the radio, I was doing my homework.A. listening B. listen to C. were listening D. were listening to【答案与解析】答案是D。while引导的动词是延续性的，所以经常用进行时态，后面的句子的过去进行时，所以前面的句子是用过去进行时。注意动词短语listen to不能丢掉to。6._ to the radio every day is the best way to practice listening skills.A. Listen B. Listening C. Listens D. Listened【答案与解析】答案是B。本句子的谓语动词是第三人称单数形式is，所以句子是主语应该是用动名词形式。动词的其他形式不能在句子中作谓语。【语法详解】宾语从句（一）宾语从句的种类宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I dont know why the train is late.3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：I want to know if (whether) he lives there.He asked me whether (if) I could help him.（二）宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：I hear (that) physics isnt easy. I think (that) you will like this school soon.Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?Please tell me when well have the meeting.（三）宾语从句的时态1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。如：I dont think (that) you are right.Please tell us where he is.Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：He asked what time it was.He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.He asked if you had written to Peter.He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.【中考连线】1.He asked me _ we could go to Beijing to watch the game by plane.A. that B. if C. how D. what 2. -Excuse me. Could you tell me _?-Yes. There is a video shop next to the tall building.A. where can I buy some CDs B. where I can buy some CDsC. when can I buy some CDs D. when I can buy some CDs 3. I dont know if my uncle _. If he _, I will be very happy.A. comes; will come B. will come; will come C. comes; comes D. will come; comes4. My physics teacher said that light _ faster than sound.A. travel B. travels C. traveled5. You are growing so fast. Can you tell me _ now?A. how fast are you B. how fast you are C. how tall are you D. how tall you are 6. -Excuse me, could you tell me _? -Certainly. Go straight ahead and youll see it on your left.A. where the post office is B. when you will visit the museum C. where is the post office D. when will you visit the museum 7. I wanted to know _, but no one would like to tell me.A. what did the old man say B. what the old man need C. what did the old man want D. what the old man meant 8. -Excuse me. Could you tell me _? -Yes. There is a video shop on River Road. A. where can I buy some CDs B. where I can buy some CDsC. when can I buy some CDs D. when I can buy some CDs 9. -Do you think _ a concert in our school hall this weekend?-Yes, there will.A. there will have B. there will be C. will there be D. will there have 10. -Could you please tell me _?-Its next to the hotel.A. where is the museum B. the museum is where C. where the museum is 11. -Do you know _ for Shanghai last night? -At 9:00 A. what time he leaves B. what time does he leave C. what time he left D. what time did he leave12. -Do you know _ last night?-Sorry, I dont know. But I think he should go to bed early because he will have an English exam this afternoon.A. when he goes to bed B. when he went to bed C. when did he go to bed13. -We dont know _.-It is said that he was born in Canada.A. what he is B. where he was born C. where he comes from D. if he lives here答案：1【解析】选B。考查if引导的宾语从句。结合题意“他问我我们是否能乘飞机去北京看比赛”2【解析】选B。从语序方面先排除A、C二项；另结合答语“There is a video shop next to the tall building.” 3【解析】选D4【解析】选B。“光传播的速度比声音快”是客观事实，故用一般现在时，light是第三人称单数形式5【解析】选D6【解析】选A。宾语从句必须用陈述句语序，故排除C、D二项；由答语“Go straight ahead and youll see it on your left.”可选A。7【解析】选D。由语序先排除A、C二项，主句是一般过去时，从句应为相应的过去某个时态，排除B。8【解析】选B。在宾语从句中，从句要用陈述语序。分析比较四个选项可先排除A、C；另结合答语“There is a video shop on River Road.”可舍D选B。9【解析】选B。在宾语从句中，从句要用陈述语序，先排除C、D；另there be的将来时为there will be，10【解析】选C11【解析】选C。由last night可知本题要用一般过去时，先排除A、B；另结合宾语从句的陈述语序12【解析】选B。由语序先排除C，另结合时间状语last night可舍A选B。13【解析】选B同步测试题一、词汇测试A.用所给单词的适当形式填空1.I bought this present _(especial) for you. 2.He is a _( politely) little boy who says Thank you and Excuse me often.3.Many_(foreign) travel to our country every year.4.We should try our best to make our country more and more _(beauty).5.A _(strange) on the street asked for directions to the highway.B.根据首字母或汉语提示完成单词1.The Peoples Square is a good place to play, but it has some _ (缺点). 2. He Chuan Park is both interesting and _ (迷人的).3. We enjoy f_ vegetables and fruit, straight from the garden.4. They arrived home _ (安全) after driving in a storm.5. The sales _ (全体成员) includes some of his relatives.C.用所给动词的正确形式填空1. Our English teacher encourages us _(create) our English stories.2. Could you tell me what Lucy_(look) for?3. In our country many parents spend much money_(help) their childrens study.4. Its interesting _(listen) to our English teachers lessons.5. In the 1980s,many children_(become) interested in foreign cartoons.6. You must use your own hands _(make) a present to send to your parents.二、同义句互换1.This animal is more like a dog than a monkey.This animal is like a dog a monkey.2.Turn right, and you will find the History Museum. _ you _ turn right, you wont find the History Museum.3.Jack was careless, so he made a few mistakes in his English exercises. Jack was_ careless_he made a few mistakes in his English exercises.4.You neednt come here early tomorrow morning.You _ _ to come here early tomorrow morning.5.Tom spends half an hour walking to school every day. Its about 30 _ _ to school _ Toms home every day.6.To travel on foot is the cheapest way. To travel on foot is the _ expensive way.7.Tom is so weak , he cant move the heavy box. Tom cant move the heavy box_ he is not _ enough.三、单项选择( )1.Who cleaned the blackboard yesterday, Dick? John_.A. cleaned B. does C. did D. is( )2. She was ill last week. But she is _ to go to school today.A. well enough B. enough well C. enough good D. good enough( )3. Hi, Peter, why are you in a hurry? _a bus.A. Catch B. To catch C. Catching D. Caught( )4. He went to bed after_ his homework last night.A. finish B. finishes C. has finished D. finishing( )5. The_ you are in the exam, the_ mistakes you will make.A. carefully, few B. more careful, fewer C. more carefully, fewer D. more careful, less( )6. How noisy the room is! There are so many people_ in it.A. sing B. to sing C. singing D. song ( )7. Do you know_?A. what he happened B. what the matter is with him.C. what happened to him D. what did he happened( )8. Tom is a hard-working boy, he always keeps_ English.A. practise speaking B. practicing speak C. practicing speaking D. practise spoken( )9. I_ go to bed if my father_ back.A. will, come B. wont, doesnt come C. will, dont come D. dont ,comes( )10.They arrived_ Paris _ a winter evening.A. at, in B. to, on C. in, on D. in, at( )11. Could you tell me_?A. where is the station B. who is he C. how I can get there D. when does the train leave( )12. The music_ very_.A.sounds, cold B. sound, sweet C. sounds, sweet D. sounding, cool( )13. A computer can only do_ you have told to.A. how B. after C. what D. when( )14.The twin brothers_at the mall now.A.are all B.all are C.are both D.both are( )15.I prefer_ rather than_.A.to be a teacher; be a boss B. to be a teacher ;to be a bossC. being a teacher; being a boss D. be a teacher; be a boss四、完型填空Do you live in a city? Do you know 1 cities began? Long long ago, the world had only 2 people. These people 3 from place to place. They moved over the land, hunting(狩猎) animals for 4 .No one knows how or when these people learned about growing food. But when they _5_ , their lives changed. They didnt have to look 6 food any more. They 7 stay in one place and grow it.People began to live near one another. And so the first villages grew. Many people came to work i