高考英语 典型题型精练 Unit31 personal preferences lesson2 北师大版选修11.doc

unit 31 personal preferences lesson2 北师大版选修11一 、单项填空（本大题共5小题，共5分） (2014南京四校阶段调研)dont press the button，john.what if i_？adidbwouldcwilldshall-mary, would you like to come to my birthday party?-_. a. of course, you could b. sure. go ahead c. sorry, you may not d. no, you mustntits difficult to tell this picture from that one.yes.the differences between the pictures are very_.abroadbnarrowcslightdimpressiveit saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a lot_easy reach.anearbuponcwithindaroundhe worked hard and achieved what he set out to do, but _ what he had owned, including his health and his marriage.a. at the mercy ofb. at the risk ofc. at the cost ofd. at the service of二 、完形填空（本大题共1小题，共30分）theres always been a debate on whether human beings are born good or bad.depending on how you view the world，you can think of all the crimes and injustice and conclude that were bad，so we need a system of laws to keep us in check.however，there are also a lot of stories of good deeds.i think were all born good.today，i took a trip to south bend to attend my friends wedding reception.i had_1_the night before at the forecast and it said we were going to get about 3 inches of snow，so i thought，“thats not so_2_”i set out on my journey and it was completely clear until i_3_to get towards niles，m1.i was_4_with this ominous (不祥的) cloud，i thought to myself，“hmm，this cant be a good_5_.” soon enough，the highway became a snowpacked wall of white.i should have remembered that such severe changes in_6_are common in this part of america.i then tried to get to the populous area of south bend and got_7_in the snow，_8_to turn left onto a street，i_9_for 20 minutes to dig myself out with only a scraper (刮刀)it wasnt a very_10_street，so i didnt see many people.just as i was starting to give up，a few people stopped by my car and then helped push me out of the snow bank.it was one person at first，and then a few others.then，on the way to my destination，another lady got stuck._11_，i got out and was_12_to offer the same help that i had received.at least five others joined me in my_13_to get her car unstuck.it is kind of storm that makes roads undrivable.south bend_14_up getting over 3 feet of snow.in these_15_of kindness though，i was once again_16_of my belief that all people are born good.these people didnt have to stop and help me out.they ran the_17_of having their own cars stuck.even for myself，it was a(an)_18_reaction to get out and push the ladys car out too.i didnt think about it_19_a second.i believe these situations really helped remind me that this world is a good place.real life situations can_20_good deeds.it happened today，and it will happen again and again.1a.spentbcheckedcobserved dlooked2a.late bcoldcbad dfar3a.hoped bstoppedcstarted dplanned4a.concerned bmetcinvolved dpointed5a.way beventcresult dsign6a.weather bdirectioncposition dsystem7a.frozen bstuckchurt dlost8a.attempting bneedingcrealizing dhaving9a.waited bstayedc insisted dstruggled10a.long bsmoothcbusy dquiet11a.immediately bcarefullyceventually dobviously12a.requested battractedcinspired dconvinced13a.efforts bgroupcdonation dspirits14a.made bendedccame dgrew15a.attitudes bcharacterscmanners dacts16a.informed bremindedcwarned dtold17a.favor bcourseccaution drisk18a.automatic bgenerouscvaluable daccurate19a.with bbycfor din20a.find bproducecadmire djudge三 、阅读理解（本大题共4小题，共40分）a (2014届东北三校联考)when taylor swift first came to the attention of the public，she was a 17yearold newcomer who loved singing to her guitar.she seemed far more enthusiastic than skillful.four years later，swift became a multiaward winner.this month，she was crowned “woman of the year” by billboard magazine，the youngest singersongwriter ever to receive the honor.“aged only 21，taylor has already made a maior impact on music and has been an unbelievable role model for hopeful artists and young women everywhere，” said bill werde，billboards director.werdes_words_do_not_come_from_nowhere. unlike many pop singers，especially those who do not write their own material，swift has the power of turning her ideas into lyrics that will set people thinking.“hidden beneath taylor swifts notagirl，notyetawoman sweetness is a very skillful songwriting technique，” wrote leah greenblatt in an american magazine.songwriting，as swift explains，is to cope with issues.“i tend to write about things that really impact me most.” there certainly seems to be something true and honest running through every one of the 14 songs on her album，speak now，about “the lessons and confusion and heartbreak and all the different things that go along with being 18,19 and 20.”“for the audience too young to have experienced real passion or heartbreak，swifts songs are like a potential road map，promising things will work out ok，” commented dorian ynskey in a british newspaper.now swift is getting ready to go further and has so far written about 10 songs for her 2012 album，which is about feelings of growing up and becoming an adult.“theyre sad，if im being honest.”“theyre about my heartbreaks and my moving on.but more importantly，they are about achieving contentment.youre not always going to be perfectly happy as you grow up.”1what does the writer mean by saying “werdes words do not come from nowhere”？aswift stands out as a singer and songwriter.bonly swift writes her own songs.cswift begins to take interest in singing.dswift decides to deal with problems in her new album.2which of the following statements is not true according to the passage?aswift has the ability to write songs with deeper meanings.bswift is both enthusiastic and skillful now.cswift became a multiaward winner when she began to sing on the stage.dswifts album speak now has 14 songs.3taylor swifts 2012 album mainly records_.adream and reality bheartbreak and despaircpain and growth dproblems and society4what is the best title for the passage?aswift comes to peoples attentionbswift rises to famecswift wins many awardsdswift experiences real passionb the practice of students endlessly copying letters and sentences from a blackboard is a thing of the past. with the coming of new technologies like computers and smartphones, writing by hand has become something of a nostalgic(怀旧的) skill. however, while todays educators are using more and more technology in their teaching, many believe basic handwriting skills are still necessary for students to be successfulboth in school and in life. virginia berninger, professor of educational psychology at the university of washington, says its important to continue teaching handwriting and help children acquire the skill of writing by hand. berninger and her colleagues conducted a study that looked at the ability of students to complete various writing tasksboth on a computer and by hand. the study, published in 2009, found that when writing with a pen and paper, participants wrote longer essays and more complete sentences and had a faster word production rate. in a more recent study, berninger looked at what role spelling plays in a students writing skills and found that how well children spell is tied to how well they can write. “spelling makes some of the thinking parts of the brain active, which helps us access our vocabulary, word meaning and concepts. it is allowing our written language to connect with ideas.” berninger said. spelling helps students translate ideas into words in their mind first and then to transcribe (转换) “those words in the mind into written symbols on paper or keyboard and screen，” the study said. seeing the words in the “minds_eye” helps children not only to turn their ideas into words, says berninger, but also to spot (发现) spelling mistakes when they write the words down and to correct them over time. “in our computer age, some people believe that we dont have to teach spelling because we have spell checks，” she said. “but until a child has a functional spelling ability of about a fifth grade level, they wont have the knowledge to choose the correct spelling among the options given by the computer.”46. what makes writing by hand a thing of the past? a. the absence of blackboards in classrooms. b. the use of new technologies in teaching. c. the lack of practice in handwriting. d. the popular use of smartphones.47. berningers study published in 2009 _. a. focused on the difference between writing by hand and on a computer b. indicated that students prefer to write with a pen and paper c. found that good essays are made up of long sentences d. discussed the importance of writing speed48. which of the following best shows the role of spelling? a. spelling improves ones memory of words. b. spelling ability is closely related to writing ability. c. spelling benefits the translation from words into ideas. d. spelling slows down finding exact words to express ideas.49. what does “minds eye” in paragraph 5 mean? a. window. b. soul. c. picture. d. imagination.50. what conclusion could be drawn from the passage? a. computers can help people with their choice of words. b. spell checks can take the place of spelling teaching. c. handwriting still has a place in todays classrooms. d. functional spelling ability develops fast in the fifth grade.cit was a sunday and the heavy storm had lasted all nightthe morning after the storm, though, was beautiful: blue skies, warm air and a calm, inviting sea touching the shore gently my father realised it was a good day for fishing and invited my sister and me to go with himi was only 14 and fishing had never been my thing, but i decided to go all the sameim so glad i didon the road to the harbour we could see the terrible destruction on the coast, but the harbour itself was in fairly good shapeafter all, it was protected by the arms of a bay that had only one tiny channel to the seaas we got on board, we noticed two big humps(脊背) in the distanceon approaching them, we saw it was a mother whale with her babywe couldnt believe it there arent any whales along the coast herethe storm must have driven them across the ocean into the bay, in which the still water was so badly polluted that nothing could survivethe little baby whale actually as big as our boat was obviously stuck and could not movethe mother dived under the water and came up suddenly, making big whirlpools(漩涡) and waves” shes trying to help her baby, but on the wrong side,” my father saidat this point, my father moved our boat in a semicircle to the other side and, heading the boat towards the baby whale, pushed it gentlywith our several gentle pushes the big hump turned over and disappeared under waterthen it swam up right beside its mumthey struggled in their desperate attempts to escape but missed the exit and started heading in the wrong directionwe hurried up to the whales and tried to lead them towards the bay channelslowly, they let us lead them, sometimes rising from the water right beside us to breathe and to give us a trusting look with those huge eyesonce they hit their first part of clean water flowing straight from the sea, the mum gave us a wave with her tail and off they swam into the distancein the excitement it had felt like only a few minutes, but we had been with those wonderful animals for almost an hour and a halfthat was the simple and lasting beauty of the day, nearly four decades later, i still look back fondly to that golden day at sea56the author says “im so glad i did” (in para2) because _ahe witnessed the whole process of fishingbhe enjoyed the beauty of the calm seache experienced the rescue of the whales dhe spent the weekend with his family57the harbour survived the storm owing to_athe shape of the harbour bthe arms of the baycthe still water in the channel dthe long coast line58the mother whale failed to help her baby because_ashe had stayed in the polluted water for too long bthe whirlpools she had made were not big enough cshe had no other whales around to tutu to for helpdthe waves pushed her baby in the wrong direction 59what is the theme of the story?asaving lives brings people a sense of happinessbfishing provides excitement for childrencits necessary to live in harmony with animalsdits vital to protect the environmentdsome scientists say that animals in the oceans are increasingly threatened by noise pollution caused by human beings. the noise that affects sea creatures comes from a number of human activities. it is caused mainly by industrial underwater explosions, ocean drilling, and ship engines. such noises are added to natural sounds. these sounds include the breaking of ice fields, underwater earthquakes, and sounds made by animals themselves. decibels (分贝) measured in water are different from those measured on land. a noise of one hundred and twenty decibels on land causes pain to human ears. in water, a decibel level of one hundred and ninetyfive would have the same effect. some scientists have suggested setting a noise limit of one hundred and twenty decibels in the oceans. they have observed that noises at that level can frighten and confuse whales（鲸鱼）. a team of american and canadian scientists discovered that louder noises can seriously injure some animals. the research team found that powerful underwater explosions were causing whales in the area to lose their hearing. this seriously affected the whales ability to exchange information and find their way. some of the whales even died. the explosions had caused their ears to bleed and become infected(被感染的). many researchers whose work depends on ocean sounds are against a limit of one hundred and twenty decibels. they say such a limit would mean an end to important industrial and scientific research. scientists do not know how much and what kinds of noises are harmful to ocean animals. however, many scientists dont think that noise is a greater danger than they believed. they want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean. 26. according to the passage, which of the following is increasingly dangerous to sea creatures?a. the sound of cars.b. the sound of voices.c. man-made noise pollution.d. the sound of steps.27. according to the passage, natural sounds include all of the following except_.a. sounds made by animals themselvesb. ocean drillingc. underwater earthquakesd. the breaking of ice fields28. which of the following is discussed in the third paragraph?a. the same noise level produces a different effect on land and in the ocean.b. different places may have different types of noises.c. the decibel is not a right unit (单位) for measuring underwater noise.d. different ocean animals may have different reactions to noises.29. which of the following is true of whales?a. they wont be confused by noises.b. they are deaf to noises.c. their ability to reproduce will be lowered by high-level noises.d. their hearing will be damaged by high-level noises.a. they will work hard to reduce ocean noise pollution.30. according to the passage, what will scientists most probably do in the future?c. they will try to set a limit of 120 decibels.b. they will protect animals from harmful noises.d. they will study the effect of ocean noise pollution.四 、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25分）请根据以下提示，并结合事例，用英语写一篇短文。you cannot choose what you are given, but you can choose how you make use of it.注意： 无须写标题，不得照抄英语提示语；除诗歌外，文体不限；文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；词数为120左右。一 、单项填空解析：考查虚拟语气。句意为：john，不要按那个按钮。如果我按了，那会怎么样？if后其实是省略句，表示对现在的虚拟，应用一般过去时，故选a。答案：a【译文】 玛丽,你能来参加我的生日聚会吗?肯定要来。【答案及简析】 b。 根据问句，答句应当表明我的想法。解析：第一个人说“很难区分两幅画”，所以说这两幅画的差别很小，故选c项。slight轻微的；微小的。答案：c解析：考查介词。句意为：在厨房里把你经常使用的东西放在触手可及的地方会节省许多时间。within easy reach很容易拿到，为习惯搭配。答案：cc考查介词短语的含义。句意：他努力工作并且实现了他开始设定的目标，可以他所拥有的为代价，包括健康和婚姻。此处at the cost of以。为代价。二 、完形填空语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。人性生来是善还是恶？在一次风雪历程中，我得到了陌生人的帮助，同时，也给了别人帮助。因此，我坚信：人性本善。1解析：spend意为“度过；花费”；check意为“检查”；observe意为“观察；庆祝”；look意为“看”。由语境可知，前一天晚上我看天气预报。look at意为“看”。答案：d2解析：预报说雪大概有三英寸厚，我想情况不是很糟糕。答案：c3解析：由语境可知，直到开始向niles，m1靠近时，周围不是很清楚了。答案：c4解析：concern意为“关系到；涉及”；meet意为“碰到”；involve意为“包含；牵涉”；point意为“指向”。由语境可知，我看到了不祥的乌云。答案：b5解析：way意为“方法；道路”；event意为“事件”；result意为“结果”；sign意为“迹象；符号”。由语境可知，我看到乌云后想到这不是个好兆头。答案：d6解析：weather意为“天气”；direction意为“方向”；position意为“位置”system意为“制度；体制”。由语境可知，在美国这个地方，这样的天气变化是很普遍的。答案：a7解析：frozen意为“冻结的”；stuck意为“被卡住的；不能动的”；hurt意为“受伤的”；lost意为“失去的”。由语境可知，来到人口密集的south bend，车子陷入雪中动弹不了。get stuck意为“被卡住”。答案：b8解析：attempt意为“企图；试图”；need意为“需要”；realize意为“意识到”；have to意为“不得不”。由语境可知，车子陷入雪中后，我试图左拐到街上。现在分词短语作伴随状语。 答案：a9解析：wait意为“等待”；stay意为“停留”；insist意为“坚持”；struggle意为“努力；挣扎”。由语境可知，我自己在雪中努力了二十分钟。答案：d10解析：由语境可知，这不是一条很繁忙的街道，因此没有看到很多人。答案：c11解析：immediately意为“立刻”；carefully意为“仔细地”；eventually意为“最后；终于”；obviously意为“显然”。当我发现另一位女士的车子也被大雪卡住时，我立刻下车。答案：a12解析：request意为“要求”；attract意为“吸引”；inspire意为“鼓舞；激发”；convince意为“说服”。由语境可知，我得到了别人的帮助，因此受到鼓舞也想去帮助她。答案：c13解析：effort意为“努力”；group意为“团体”；donation意为“捐款”；spirit意为“精力；态度”。最后又有其他人跟我一起努力帮忙。答案：a14解析：make up意为“弥补；组成”；end up意为“结束”；come up意为“走进；开始”；grow up意为“成长”。south bend最终以三英尺厚的雪而结束了这次风暴。答案：b15解析：attitude意为“态度”；character意为“性格；品质”；manner意为“方式”；act意为“行