高考英语 典型题型精练 Unit31 personal preferences lesson3 北师大版选修11.doc

unit 31 personal preferences lesson3 北师大版选修11一 、单项填空（本大题共5小题，共5分）this is _ that dog. a. as a big dog as b. as big a dog as c. a as big dog as d. a big as dog as (2014天水一中高三检测)after many years of hard work，the man has finally reached the stage_he has gained good fortune and social status.awherebthatcwhichdwhythere is _ word in the dictionary. a. no such b. not a such c. no such a d. not such(2014届浙江省第一次五校联考，28)chinas reform and opening has been going on for _ is like about 30 years now and its really quite remarkable.athat bwhich cwhat dit（2014山东卷）1. writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we_. a. will expect b. are expecting c. expect d. had expected 二 、完形填空（本大题共1小题，共30分）yesenia is a brave and nice person who has passed challenges in her life. and learning from the past always makes her a focused person. are you _21_ to know more about hts mysterious girl? then lets get started here.first, her life was _22_ for a girl of her age at that time because her childhood wasnt as _23_ as other girls. it _24_ with the death of her grandmother with whom she had a great relationship. then, when she was eight years old, her _25_ left because he had a fight with her mother over another woman. so she didnt have a _26_ family to raise her.but, _27_ time passed, she forgot her sadness and became the same girl again. after that, she had a(n) _28_ when she was in her grandmothers house. it _29_ when she was playing with a lighted candle, and _30_, the candle fell onto the table. the tablecloth caught fire and the flames _31_ her on the chest and on the arm.no matter what happened, however, she continued to _32_ in school. she graduated from school in 2000 and got the _33_she had expected. then, she moved to america for _34_ study. english was very _35_ for her because she had never studied it before. _36_, she worked as a volunteer in a hospital because she didnt want to see people _37_ from accidents. this experience _38_ her braver.yesenia is a girl who has experienced _39_ sufferings in her life but who i think will be happy in the usa and she really _40_ it.21. a. confused b. serious c. curious d. tired22. a. difficult b. lucky c. dull d. disappointing23. a. happy b. equal c. real d. surprising 24. a. ended b. started c. combined d. mixed25. a. grandfather b. sister c. brother d. father26. a. complete b. big c. modern d. comfortable27. a. after b. as c. since d. for28. a. story b. experience c. accident d. lesson29. a. showed up b. appeared c. happened d. took place30. a. unacceptably b. undoubtedly c. unnaturally d. unfortunately31. a. hit b. exploded c. spread d. burned32. a. live b. work c. study d. calm33. a. prize b. diploma c. reward d. praise34. a. farther b. further c. farthest d. furthest35. a. difficult b. pleasant c. easy d. popular36. a. however b. thus c. also d. therefore37. a. benefit b. suffer c. lose d. recover38. a. kept b. made c. forced d. drove39. a. many b. little c. few d. much40. a. satisfies b. catches c. suits d. deserves三 、阅读理解（本大题共4小题，共40分）acpeople diet to look more attractive. fish diet to avoid being beaten up, thrown out of their social group, and getting eaten as a result. that is the fascinating conclusion of the latest research into fish behavior by a team of australian scientists.the research team have discovered that subordinate fish voluntarily diet to avoid challenging their larger competitors. “in studying gobies we noticed that only the largest two individuals, a male and female, had breeding （繁殖） rights within the group,” explains marian wong. “all other group members are nonbreeding females, each being 5-10% smaller than its next largest competitor. we wanted to find out how they maintain this precise size separation.”the reason for the size difference was easy to see. once a subordinate fish grows to within 5-10% of the size of its larger competitor, it causes a fight which usually ends in the smaller goby being driven away from the group. more often than not, the evicted fish is then eaten up.it appeared that the smaller fish were keeping themselves small in order to avoid challenging the boss fish. whether they did so voluntarily, by restraining how much they ate, was not clear. the research team decided to do an experiment. they tried to fatten up some of the subordinate gobies to see what happened. to their surprise, the gobies simply refused the extra food they were offered, clearly preferring to remain small and avoid fights, over having a feast.the discovery challenges the traditional scientific view of how boss individuals keep their position in a group. previously it was thought that large individuals simply used their weight and size to threaten their subordinates and take more of the food for themselves, so keeping their competitors small.while the habits of gobies may seem a little mysterious, dr. wong explains that understanding the relationships between boss and subordinate animals is important to understanding how hierarchical （等级的） societies remain stable.the research has proved the fact that voluntary dieting is a habit far from exclusive to humans. “as yet, we lack a complete understanding of how widespread the voluntary reduction of food intake is in nature,” the researchers comment. “data on human dieting suggests that, while humans generally diet to improve health or increase attractiveness, rarely does it improve long-term health and males regularly prefer females that are fatter than the females own ideal.”65. when a goby grows to within 5-10% of the size of its larger competitor, it .a. faces dangerb. has breeding rightsc. eats its competitord. leaves the group itself66. the underlined words “the evicted fish” in paragraph 3 refer to .a. the fish beaten up b. the fish found outc. the fish fattened up d. the fish driven away67. the experiment showed that the smaller fish .a. fought over a feast b. went on diet willinglyc. preferred some extra foodd. challenged the boss fish68. what is the text mainly about?a. fish dieting and human dieting.b. dieting and health.c. human dieting.d. fish dieting.b (2014届河北省高考模拟考试)maybe you have heard the expressionwhen in rome，do as the romans do.so when you want to do business in france，you have to get to know french culture，to make marketing plans，and to run your business by local laws._1_the french take great pride in their language，so anyone who does not speak it may run the risk of being disrespected by his french colleagues or business partners.also，another reason why learning french is important is that it is a great way to show every possible french business partner that you care and respect their countrys culture and language.the first thing that you should do when meeting someone new is to shake his hand firmly and always look the person in the eye.in social meetings with friends，kissing is common._2_the french will sometimes introduce themselves using their surname first，followed by their first name.dress well._3_your business clothing is a reflection of your success and social status.always try to be tasteful and stylish.women are advised to dress simply but elegantly.wearing makeup is practised widely by businesswomen.the french are passionate about food，so lunches are common in doing business in france，which usually consist of an appetizer，a main meal with wine，cheese，dessert and coffee，and normally take up to two hours._4_do not begin eating until the host says “bon appetit”pass dishes to the left，keep wrists above the table and try to eat everything on the plate._5_this may suggest that you find the food tasteless.if eating in a restaurant，the person who invites always pays.athe french draw information about people based on their appearance.bthis is a time for relationship building.cremember to be as polite as possible.dlanguage should be the focus of anyone planning to do business in france.ebe careful with adding salt，pepper or sauces to your food.fuse monsieur or madame before the surname.gmake an appointment with your business partner in advance.cc youre sitting on the train home and the person opposite you yawns(打哈欠). suddenly, youre yawning with him, though youre not tired. this phenomenon confused scientists for years until a recent study found that people tend to sympathize with fellow humans. supporting this claim was the discovery that those children who were unable to form normal emotional ties with others did not experience contagious(有感染力的) yawning, which showed that humans communicate regularly with out words. hugo critchley, a neuroscientist, has conducted an experiment recently, which will prove that happiness and sadness can spread like the common cold. according to critechley, our mind and body are in constant exchange about how were feeling. “emotions are closely linked with states of internal(内部的) responses,” he explained. “ there are also more visible changes in our gestures and facial expression. when were in a group, these signals can spread to another person. for example, theres the obvious tendency to smile when smiled at and there are less obvious changes that reflect emotions of surprise, anger or sadness such as a change in our heart rate and blood pressure.hugo critchley further explained, “our bodies synchronies and when we like the other person, we ever copy his behavior. next time you chat with a friend, take note fo how youre sitting its pretty likely that you will be the same. scientists believe its our way of telling each other that were partners. through body language, humans give each other very subtle(微妙的) but clear signals that show emotions.”so, what lessons can we learn from this? “ spend time with happy people otherwise your health could suffer,” said critchley.” when were sad, our body goes into fight or flight mode. but when were happy, our body works normally and we feel relaxed and positive. so we look bright, our skin glows, we feel healthy and it affects everyone around us.”65. according to hugo critchley, _. a. emotions are as visible as facial expressions b. we yawn more frequently when we have a cold c. emotions are connected with states of internal responses d. the change of blood pressure is not linked with the change of emotions.66. the underlined word “synchronies” in paragraph 4 means “_”. a. move slowly b. change rapidly c. relax temporarily d. respond accordingly 67. from the passage we can learn _. a. sadness is as contagious as happiness b. anger is less contagious than friendliness c. surprise is more contagious than smile d. surprise is the most contagious among emotions68. which of the following statements is true according to the passage? a. emotions have delicate influence on fellow humans. b. children like copying the actions of fellow humans. d. people tend to communicate more with body language.d the elephant was lying heavily on its side, fast asleep. a few dogs started barking at it. the elephant woke up in a terrible anger: it chased the dogs into the village where they ran for safety. that didnt stop the elephant. it destroyed a dozen houses and injured several people. the villagers were scared and angry. then someone suggested calling parbati, the elephant princess. parbati baruas father was a hunter of tigers and an elephant tamer. he taught parbati to ride an elephant before she could even walk. he also taught her the dangerous art of the elephant round-up - how to catch wild elephants. parbati hasnt always lived in the jungle. after a happy childhood hunting with her father, she was sent to boarding school in the city. but parbati never got used to being there and many years later she went back to her old fife. life in the city is too dull. catching elephants is an adventure and the excitement lasts for days after the chase, she says. but parbati doesnt catch elephants just for fun. my work, she says, is to rescue man from the elephants, and to keep the elephants safe from man. and this is exactly what parbati has been doing for many years. increasingly, the indian elephant is angry: for many years, illegal hunters have attacked it and its home in the jungle has been reduced to small pieces of land. it is now fighting back. whenever wild elephants enter a tea garden or a village, parbati is called toguide the animals back to the jungle before they can kill. the work of an elephant tamer also involves love and devotion. a good elephant tamer will spend hours a day singing love songs to a newly captured elephant. eventually they grow to love their tamers and never forget them. they are also more loyal than humans, she said, as she climbed up one of her elephants and sat on the giant, happy animal. an elephant princess indeed!65. for parbati, catching elephants is mainly to . a. get long lasting excitement b. keep both man and elephants safe c. send them back to the jungle d. make the angry elephants tame66. before parbati studied in a boarding school, . a. she spent her time hunting with her father b. she learned how to sing love songs c. she had already been called an elephant princess d. she was taught how to hunt tigers67. indian elephants are getting increasingly angry and they revenge because _. a. they are caught and sent for heavy work b. illegal hunters capture them and kill them c. they are attacked and their land gets limited d. dogs often bark at them and chase them68. the passage starts with an elephant story in order to explain that in india _. a. people easily fall victim to elephants attacks b. the man-elephant relationship is getting worse c. elephant tamers are in short supply d. dogs are as powerful as elephants四 、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25分）假如你叫李平，是一位成绩优秀的学生，你班班主任在安排座位时，让成绩好的学生和成绩差的学生作同桌，这在你们班成绩优秀的学生中引起了反响，班会课上大家就此进行了讨论。现在请你根据下表把讨论结果向班主任写一封信反映一下，并说出自己的观点。赞同反对你的观点1人人有长处和不足，成绩差的学生也有可取之处；2相互学习，建立友谊；3通过帮助学习差的学生的学习从而使他们建立自信。1部分学习差的学生常常上课说话、违反校规校纪，担心自己会受影响，会养成坏习惯。2老是问问题，使自己不能专心学习。注意：1词数：100字左右，短文的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。2短文需包括表中所有要点，内容可适当发挥，以使行文连贯。3参考词汇：成绩差的学生：a slower student 自信：self-confidencedear mr. zhang,we have held a discussion about whether it is good or not for a top student to share a deskwith a slower student._一 、单项填空【译文】 这是一条和那条狗一样的大。【答案及简析】 b。 this is as big a dog as that dog.= this dog is as big as that one.解析：当先行词为stage，position等词时，定语从句常用where或in which引导。答案：a【译文】 辞典中没有这样一个词。【答案及简析】 a。 习语no such+名词 “没有这样的”答案：c考查名词性从句。句意：中国的改革开放现在已经进行了大约三十年，效果非常明显。_ is like about 30 years now是介词for的宾语，该部分缺少主语，所以选起双重作用的what。【考点】考察时态【答案】d【解析】本题考察的时态。句义：手工写下所有的邀请函要比我们预料的花去更多的时间。根据句义可知我们预料是在实际上写之前发生的，而本句中实际写花去的时间使用了过去时was，所以expect使