高考英语一轮复习 Unit 2 The universal language巩固讲练篇 牛津译林版选修8.doc

2015届高考英语一轮复习 unit 2 the universal language巩固讲练篇 牛津译林版选修8重点词汇考点-1. cast【教材原句】some of the worlds greatest opera singers were cast in this production, and many great chinese musicians also participated. (p18)几位世界级歌剧演唱家在演出中担任主演，许多杰出的中国音乐家也参与进来。【例句研读】说出下列句中cast的意思he was cast as the role of the prince. the moon cast a white light into the room. she cast a welcoming smile in his direction. the fisherman cast his net into the river. 【自主归纳】cast vt. & vi. 选派角色；投射（光、影）；向投以（视线、笑容）cast ones mind back (to sth.)回顾，回想 cast aside抛弃，扔掉cast light on sth.使某事物清楚，使明白 cast down沮丧，泄气when seeing the notebook, she began to cast her mind back her childhood.could you cast any light on this puzzling question? as soon as he became rich he cast aside all his old friends who gave him some help.anyone would be cast down by such bad news as that.【即时巩固】单项选择题the director decided that he would _ann as the wife in his new film. a. last b. cast c. act d. playthe air france crash over the atlantic ocean has_a shadow over the air show.a. abused b. violated c. resisted d. cast 【答案bd考点-2. decorate【教材原句】instead of a stage curtain, there were decorated screens covered with red and gold, and traditional chinese drums were used to announce the start of the opera. (p.18) 覆盖着红色和金色的经过装饰的屏风代替了舞台帷幕，传统的中国鼓被用来宣告歌剧的开场。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分，注意decorate的词性变化、意义和搭配she is decorating her room with flowers. we put christmas decorations on the tree. he has sent for a decorator to decorate his house. the curtains are for purelydecorativepurposes and do not open or close. 【答案】用鲜花装饰房间 圣诞节装饰品 装潢的人/装潢业者 纯粹是作装饰用的【自主归纳】用（装饰物）装饰、修饰 decoratewith 为（房间或房屋）配备（家具） furnishwith（仪器、设备等）装备（工厂、车间等） equipwith【即时巩固】根据汉语完成英语句子这家工厂装备有大量现代机器。this factory _a number of modern machines.她的起居室里配备有一张舒适的新沙发。her living-room _a comfortable new sofa圣诞节临近了，学生们正用气球和鲜花装饰他们的教室。christmas is approaching/drawing near and the students _balloons and flowers.【教材原句】in the story, the emperor of china, turandots father, who has promised to allow her to choose her own husband. (p18)故事中，中国的皇帝，即图兰朵的父亲，允诺女儿由她自己选择丈夫。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分，注意promise的词性、意义和搭配once you have made a promise, you cannot break your his promise. they are regarded as the most promising table-tennis players. i cant give you the book; ive promised it to susan. she promises to become a good wife. there is a promise of economic recovery. 【自主归纳】遵守（履行）诺言 carry out /keep a promise/keep ones promise/live up to ones promise许下诺言 make a promise食言，收回承诺 break ones promise答应给某人某东西 promise sb. sth.= promise sth to sb答应某人做某事 promise sb. to do sth.有望成功 promise to succeed 【即时巩固】单项选择题 the new movie _to be one of the biggest money-makers of all time. a. promises b. agrees c. pretends d. declines if you keep practising your son in football, he _to make a famous player.a. wants b. hopesc. promises . wishes【答案】a c考点-4. marry【教材原句】shortly afterwards, another prince, calaf, falls in love with turandot at first sight and decide to solve the riddles so that he can marry her.(p18)之后不久，另一位王子卡拉夫对图兰朵一见钟情，决定要解开谜底，以便能迎娶图兰朵。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分，注意marry的词性(词形)变化、意义和搭配they got married last april, and they have been married for a year. she wants to marry her daughter to a rich man. in order to avoid marriage, she says that any potential husband must solvethree riddles if he wants to marry her. whendidhegetmarriedtoher? the family asked a bishop to marry them. 【自主归纳】嫁给/娶某人/和某人结婚 marry sb. 把嫁给 marry sb. to sb.为某人证婚 marry sb. (已经)和结婚 be/get married to注意：be married to是延续性的。而get married to和marry都是短暂性的。【即时巩固】用上述词组填空(注意动词形式的变化)her parents are bent on a millionaire.tom asked for her hand in marriage and two years later they .last week tom mary and there was an old woman them.they last century and over 20 years.【教材原句】those who cannot answer all three riddles, however, will be condemned to death. (p18)然而，猜不出所有三个谜语的人要被判处死刑。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思we strongly condemn the crimes of killing children cruelly. he was condemned for murder and sent to prison. in ancient china, anyone who cheated the emperor would be condemned to death. 【答案】谴责残忍杀害孩子的犯罪行为 因凶杀被判有罪 被处以死刑【自主归纳】condemn vt.判刑，宣判；谴责，指责；声讨be condemned to .被宣告，被判 condemn sth./sb. as . 指责为condemn sb./sth. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而谴责condemn sb.to death 判处某人死刑condemn sb.to do sth. 使某人注定做某事condemn sb.to sth. 使某人陷入(困境)【即时巩固】the two young men, who bought and sold drugs, would _ death.a. condemn to b. be condemning toc. be condemned to d. condemned to【答案】c【解析】句意：那两个买卖毒品的年轻人将被判死刑。be condemned to death“被判处死刑，被处死”。the judge _the criminal to ten years in jail.a. condemnedb. abusedc. accused d. transformed【教材原句】this means that few men would dare to ask for her hand in marriage. (p18)这就意味着很少有男士敢向她求婚。【例句研读】翻译下列句子he will dare any danger. 。we must dare to think, to speak and to act. 。i didnt dare ask her to dance with me. 。she knew she was wrong, but she darent tell him. 。【自主归纳】dare vt.& vi.& aux.敢于，胆敢作实义动词，表示“敢，敢于；激(某人做某事)，谅(某人)没胆量(做某事)”，常用结构：dareto do (sth.)敢于做()daren./pron. 谅(某人)没胆量(做某事)；敢于承担，不惧怕daren./pron.to do (sth.)激(某人)做某事，谅(某人)无胆量做()作情态动词，后接动词原形，表示“敢，敢于”，主要用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态的变化。【即时巩固】单项选择题you _ stop me.even if you _ it, i wont allow you to swim across the river.a. mustnt; dare not do b. may; dare not doc. can; dare to do d. neednt; dare do【答案】d【解析】句意：你不用阻止我。即使你敢游过这条河，我也不允许你那样做。neednt “没必要”；第二个空dare为情态动词，意为“敢，敢于”。the little child _ go out alone at night，so he _ walk in the dark that night.a. darent；didnt dare to b. doesnt dare；dare not to c. isnt dare to；dared not tod. doesnt dare to；dare not to【教材原句】calafs father and liu have been seen accompanying calaf, so turandot seizes calafs father and liu, and demands that they tell her calafs name or they will be beaten. (p19)有人曾看见卡拉夫的父亲和柳儿陪着卡拉夫，因此图兰朵把卡拉夫的父亲和柳儿抓了起来，命令他们说出卡拉夫的名字，否则就要拷打他们。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分，注意seize的意义the man seized the thief who had stolen his bag and took him to the police station i seized his arm and made him turn to look at me. you are supposed to seize the opportunity and welcome the challenge. they seized the land and distributed it to the peasants. 【答案】捉住那个小偷 抓住他的手臂 抓住机会 夺取土地【自主归纳】seize vt.逮捕，捉拿；抓住，捉住；夺取，攻占grasp指用手、牙或爪去抓住或咬住，引申为具有充分理解那些由于自身或外界的原因而存在或产生的事物的能力。seize通常指突然有力地抓住某物，seize还可以表示“（疾病）侵袭；（情绪）支配”。catch是普通用语，有“设法抓住、捉住”的意思。i threw the ball and my dog caught it.seeing a snake, the boy seized her mother by her hand. in order to understand the poem better, we need to grasp the meaning between the lines.【即时巩固】单项选择题he was suddenly _ with a strange illness when he was about to finish his work.a. seized b. caught c. hit d. controlledthe students couldnt_ what the teacher was trying to explain to them. a. seized b. caught c. grasped d. attract【答案】ab考点-8. demand【教材原句】calafs father and liu have been seen accompanying calaf, so turandot seizes calafs father and liu, and demands that they tell her calafs name or they will be beaten. (p19)有人曾看见卡拉夫的父亲和柳儿陪着卡拉夫，因此图兰朵把卡拉夫的父亲和柳儿抓了起来，命令他们说出卡拉夫的名字，否则就要拷打他们。【例句研读】翻译下列句子there have been demands for the prime minister to resign. 。she demanded that i (should) tell everything to her about it. 。all these skills are much in demand. 。【自主归纳】demand vt.强烈要求；需要 n. 要求；需求 a demand for对的要求/需求demand sth. of/from sb.向某人要求某物 demand to do sth. 要求做某事meet/satisfy ones demands 满足某人的需要 in demand 非常需要的demand that .要求(从句用虚拟语气，即should动词原形，should可省略)【即时巩固】单项选择题(2012高考大纲卷)the harry potter books are quite popular ; they are in great _in this city. a. quantity b. progress c. production d. demand 【答案】d 【解析】考查名词意义的辨析。in great demand指“需求量大”。其余三个选项（数量；进步；生产）均不符合题意。句意：哈利波特一书很受欢迎，在这个城市有很大的需求量。the manager demanded that the work_ within three days.a. was finished b. had been finishedc. be finished d. finished【教材原句】from the early 1930s to the early 1950s, traditional jazz went into a gradual decline, (p30)从20世纪30年代早期到20世纪50年代早期，传统的爵士乐开始逐渐衰退，【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分，注意decline的词性和意义we invited them to dinner but they declined. her health was declining rapidly. the price of a 14-inch tv set declined from 400 to 320 yuan each. were studying the decline of the roman empire. the number of robberies in the area is on the decline. as he grows older, his health is in decline. 【答案】但他们婉言谢绝了迅速恶化 从400元降到320元罗马帝国的衰亡 在减少 他的健康状况愈来愈差【自主归纳】fall into (a) decline开始衰退 in decline/ on the decline 走下坡路；衰退中decline，refuse，reject都可以表示“拒绝”，区别在于：decline指婉言谢绝，较正式，有礼貌；refuse指坚决、果断地拒绝；后常跟不定式作宾语。reject指以否定或敌对的态度当面拒绝或“因为不令人满意、有缺陷或无用而抛弃”，它暗示无条件的拒绝，后接名词或动名词作宾语。he offended his elder sister but he refused to make an apology to her.we asked them to come to our party, but they declined (the invitation).the board rejected all our ideas that sounded unreasonable.【即时巩固】单项选择题the financial crisis has led to a sharp _ in profits in many factories.a. declineb. increasec. deadline d. bankruptcyoffered the position of chairman, mr. smith _, preferring to keep his current job.a. decreased b. retiredc. left d. declined she _ my invitation because of an appointment.a. refused b. rejectedc. declined d. decreased【答案】a dc考点-10. seek【教材原句】in the early 1950s, a record company owner from memphis, tennessee, sam philips, sought to bring rock music to white audience. (p31)在20世纪50年代早期，田纳西州菲斯城的音乐制作人萨姆菲利普斯试图把摇滚乐介绍给白人听众。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思why do modern people seek after material possessions? it is mans duty to be courageous enough to seek for truth. our mission is to seek out the enemy and destroy them. 【答案】追求物质财富 探索真理 找到敌人【自主归纳】seek vt. & vi.试图，设法；征求，寻求；探索，探寻seek after/ for 寻求，追求，寻找 seek out 找出，寻出seek ones fortune 寻求财富，发财【即时巩固】单项选择题in the early 1920s，thousands of people went to australia to _ their fortune.a. seek b. take c. develop d. undertake【答案】a【解析】seek ones fortune意为“寻求财富，发财”。for over 100 years, men have _ for gold in the hills.a. found b. sought c. research d. discover【教材原句】shortly afterwards, another prince, calaf, falls in love with turandot at first sight and decides to solve the riddles so that he can marry her. (p18) 之后不久，另一位王子卡拉夫对图兰朵一见钟情，决定要解开谜底，以便能迎娶图兰朵。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思he fell in love with her two years ago. she was so careless that she fell off the bike. he was drunk and fell into the river. he got into bed and soon fell asleep. he fell ill and had to enter the hospital. fear fell on/upon him when he realized he was left alone. shes completely homeless at least i have my parents to fall back on. the major world powers are afraid of falling behind in the arms race. 【自主归纳】fall in love(with sb.) 与（某人）相爱，坠入爱河（短暂性的）be in love (with sb.) 热恋着(某人)(延续性的)be out of love with 不喜欢，不热爱for the love of 看在份上 give ones love to sb. 向某人问好i am out of love with meat at present.dont forget to give my love to jack. the professor was surprised that his daughter was in love with/fell love with one of his students.it is said that he has been in love with her for two years. for the love of god, please stop arguing. 【即时巩固】do you know robin with rose ?really? when did they with each other?a. fall in love, is in love b. fall in love, fall in lovec. is in love, is in love d. is in love, fall in love your children, youd better not get a divorce from your wife.a. out of love withb. in love withc. for the love ofd. giving your love to【答案】dc考点-12. at first sight【教材原句】shortly afterwards, another prince, calaf, falls in love with turandot at first sight and decides to solve the riddles so that he can marry her. (p18) 之后不久，另一位王子卡拉夫对图兰朵一见钟情，决定要解开谜底，以便能迎娶图兰朵。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思men in kimonos(和服)are no longer a common sight in tokyo. the rainbow over the sea was a glorious sight. have you visited the sights of shanghai? he found a sight of money in the box. 【答案】常见 壮丽的景色 上海的名胜 很多钱【自主归纳】at first sight 初次见面，乍一看 at the sight of 在看到时in sight 在视线内 out of sight 看不见，在视线外 catch sight of 看见 lose sight of 看不见i caught sight of his tall figure in the crowd.at first sight i thought it was mary, but when i looked again i saw it was jane.the driver lost sight of the car he was following.his face brightened at the sight of her.there was no one anywhere in sight.she didnt leave until the train was out of sight.【即时巩固】单项选择题_ policemen coming, the thief quickly ran_a. catching sight of, in sight b. at the sight of, at first sightc. catching sight of, out of sight d. losing sight of, out of sightwe must not the good traditions passed down from generation.a. catch sight of b. lose the sight of c. lose sight of d. catch the sight of his efforts to raise money for his program were _ because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets. a. in place b. in sight c. in effect d. in vain.【答案】ccd考点-13. take on【教材原句】the story then takes on a classic love triangle between calaf, turandot and liu. (p18)故事随后演绎了发生在卡拉夫、图兰朵和柳儿三人之间的经典三角恋情。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思he is unwilling to take on heavy responsibilities. after the thorough cleaning, our school took on a new look. the insect can take on the color of its surroundings. she was taken on as a laboratory assistant. i feel very honored to have been able to take on this role. 【答案】承担重任 呈现出新的面貌 与周围环境的颜色融为一体 被雇佣 担当这个角色【自主归纳】take on 呈现 take away 拿走take off 飞机起飞，事业腾飞，脱衣服 take back 收回take a chance/ones chance 冒险，碰运气 take down 记下，取下take out带出去，拿出 take over 接管take in理解，吸收，欺骗 take after sb.与长相或性格相像takefor granted想当然(认为理当如此，对作主观估计)take up 占去；开始从事；拿起；(等)接纳(乘客)【即时巩固】单项选择题helen always helps her mother even though going to school_ most of her day.a. takes up b. makes up c. saves up d. puts updont be _ by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.a. taken off b. taken out c. taken away d. taken inafter the students put up a christmas tree in the centre, the classroom _ a holiday appearance.a. rely on b. take onc. look on d. throw light on【答案】adb考点-14. break up【教材原句】however, even though the beatles broke up in 1970, no group since has ever come close to being as popular or selling as many records.(p31)然而，尽管甲壳虫乐队在1970年就解散了，至今也没有哪个乐队像他们一样受欢迎、卖那么多的唱片。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思the crowd started to break up when the night fell. their marriage broke up. the company top meeting didnt break up until midnight. when will you break up this summer? the war broke up a lot of family. 【自主归纳】break up破裂，解散；破碎；结束；放假break down 出故障，坏掉；失败；垮掉，垮下来；分解break in 破门而入；打断(谈话等) break into 强行闯入；突然起来broke away from 从挣脱 broke out (战争、火灾等)爆发，发生breakthrough 突围；突破，冲垮；克服 breaking off 中断my car broke down on my way to school. tom had worked under so much pressure for so long a time and his health broke down in the end. a thief broke in last night and stole a lot of jewelry.his house was broken into last night.the pickpocket broke away from the policeman and