高考英语一轮复习 Unit 1 Getting along with others巩固讲练篇 牛津译林版必修5.doc

2015届高考英语一轮复习 unit 1 getting along with others巩固讲练篇 牛津译林版必修5重点词汇考点-1. pretend【教材原句】afterwards, i pretended to be cheerful, but hannah sensed something was wrong. (p2)后来，我假装很开心，但汉娜还是觉察到哪儿有点不对劲。【例句研读】翻译下列句子。shes not really hurt shes only pretending. 。she pretended not to know me when we met in the street. 。he pretended to be reading an important document when the boss came in. 。【自主归纳】pretend to do是强调假装要做某事或存在的状态，或是不强调正在进行或已经发生pretend to be doing 强调不定式的动作正在进行的过程中pretend to have done强调假装后面的动作已经完成 【即时巩固】单项选择题(2010辽宁卷) the new movie _to be one of the biggest money-makers of all time. a. promises b. agrees c. pretends d. declines tom pretended _ it；but in fact，he knew it very well.a. not to listen to bnot to hear aboutc. not to have heard about dnot to be listening to【答案】c考点-2. admit 【教材原句】we went to wash our hands in the girls washroom before lunch and i admitted how badly i had done. (p2) 午饭前，我们一起去了洗手间洗手，我承认了自己的成绩很糟糕。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思 we have to admit that hes a highly competent man. at last he admitted stealing some money from his father. the poor boy was admitted to the college because of his excellent performance. the cinema admits about 2000 people. 【自主归纳】admit vt.& vi.容许；承认；允许进入，接纳 admit that 承认承认某事/(已经)做了某事 admitdoing (having done) sth.承认某人/某物是 admit sb./sth.to be准许某人进入(或加入) admit sb.to/into .【即时巩固】单项选择题if you leave the club, you will not be _ back in. a. received b. admitted c. turned d. movedfirst, they _ that the main reason students go to school is to learn core subjects.a. argue b. doubt c. overlook d. admitchildren under six are not _ to school except those of extraordinary intelligence. a. permittedb. received c. acceptedd. admitted john is the only one of the students in the class that never _ a mistake even when it is pointed out to him.a. admit making b. admits making c. admit to make d. admits to make【答案】bddb考点-3. focus【教材原句】the other team was superb and we really had to focus. (p3)我们的对手很厉害，我们必须得集中精力。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思if you are going to follow someone, focus on their talent, not their bad character or unacceptable behaviors.you should focus your attention on your work. the case of guo meimei has been brought sharply into focus in 2011. 【自主归纳】focus vt. & vi. 集中注意力于；使聚焦 n. 焦点，关注点；焦距；重点focus on . 集中于 bring sth. into focus 使某事物成为焦点focus ones eyes/attention/mind on sth. 把视线/注意力/心思集中到上【即时巩固】单项选择题(2013湖北卷)butterflies _ a sweet liquid produced by flowers, which bees and other insects collect.a. carry onb. feed onc. put on d. focus onwhile volleyball is her main _, shes also great at basketball.a. target b. aim c. purpose d. focus【教材原句】i was determined to win, but matthew was playing badly. (p3)我一心要赢，但马修打得很差。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思she determined to go that very afternoon. im determined to finish this book today. madame curie was a determined woman and set a good example to us. my moms encouragement determined me to go on with my study. the court determined that the man was guilty of drunken driving. 【自主归纳】determine vt.决定，确定；判定，判决；使决定determine to do= decide to do= make up ones mind to do 决定做某事，指动作be determined to do 决定做某事，指状态。 determined adj. 意志坚定的 determination n. 决心她已经决定到另一家公司申请一份工作。(四种形式)she has determined/has decided to go to another company to apply for a job.she has been determined to go to another company to apply for a job.she is determined that she should go to another company to apply for a job. she has made up her mind to go to another company to apply for a job.他是个意志坚定的人，我们应该向他学习。(两种形式)he is a very determined person and we should learn from him.he is a person of great determination and we should learn from him. 【即时巩固】单项选择题 what about the person? seldom in all my life _ such a _ person. a. i met; determining b. i have met; determiningc. did i meet; determinedd. have i met; determinedi walked out of cinema , id never come back to this hell of a place . a. determining b. determined c. to determine d. determine 【答案】db考点-5. argue【教材原句】since we argued, he hasnt spoken to me even though we sit next to each other in class.（p3）自从我们争吵后，他再也没和我说话，即使我们在班上挨着坐。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思we decided to argue for the peasant free of charge the moment we finished hearing his story. he argued with mary over the best place for a holiday. they were arguing about how to spend the money. mary argued tom into buying a new car. 【答案】无偿为那位农民提供辩护 和玛丽争论度假的最好地方 就这笔钱怎样花而争论不休 说服汤姆买了一辆新车【自主归纳】argue vi.&vt. 争吵，争论，争辩，说服，用辩论证明 argument n. 争论，争辩，论点argue for 为而争论，为而辩护 argue against 争辩(反对)argue with 与争辩 argue with sb on/ about/ over sth 与某人争辩某事 argue sb into/ out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事 【即时巩固】根据汉语提示完成句子我们说服她一起去野营。we_ us in going camping. 委员会很关注运动员的行为，特别是与裁判争吵的行为。the committee is concerned about players behaviour, especially _ referees.【教材原句】the things he said hurt me too, but he has not apologized to me.(p3)他说的话伤了我的心，但他还没向我道歉。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思i really dont know who is to apologize to me. the paper apologized to the public for publishing false news. the captain made an apology to the passengers for the delay caused by the weather. 【答案】谁应该向我道歉 因为刊登假消息向公众道歉 因为误点向乘客道歉【自主归纳】apologize vi.道歉make/offer an apology to sb. for (doing) sth.= apologize to sb. for(doing) sth.因(做)某事而向某人道歉accept/ refuse ones apology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉owe sb. an apology=be to apologize to sb. 应向某人道歉【即时巩固】单项选择题i must apologize for _ ahead of time.thats all right.a. letting you not know b. not letting you know c. letting you know not d. letting not you know i didnt mean to keep you waiting here for a long time. there are several traffic jams on the way. can you _ me?a. apologize b. interrupt c. forgive d. behave【答案】bc考点-7. blame【教材原句】while it may feel awkward, if she really is your best friend you should apologize for blaming her. (p5) 虽然有些尴尬，但如果她真的是你最好的朋友，你应当为责备她而道歉。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思the government will have to take the blame for the riots(暴乱). he blamed you for the neglect of duty. which driver was to blame for the accident? its no use blaming our defeat on him. 【自主归纳】blame vt. 责备，指责；谴责；把归咎于n.(坏事或错事的)责任，过失；责备，指责因为而被责备take the blame for 因为而责备某人blame sb for sth.把某事怪到某人头上blame sth.on sb. 某人应该被责备sb. be to blame【即时巩固】单项选择题the drunk driver is _ for the traffic jam _ yesterday. a. to blame; occurred b. to blame; occurringc. to be blamed; occurred d. to be blamed; occurring_his age, he did it quite well, so dont _him any more. a. considered; scold b. concerned; say c. given; blame d. considering; speak【答案】b c考点-8. acquaintance【教材原句】one or two good friends are better than 100 acquaintances. (p15) 一两个好朋友胜过一百个熟人。【例句研读】翻译下列句子i have an/some acquaintance with the language. im pleased to make your acquaintance. im not really acquainted with the southern part of the island. 【自主归纳】acquaintance n. 略有交情，(与某人)认识，相识；了解；泛泛之交，熟人acquaintance 用作不可数名词时，表“熟悉，认识”，有时在其前加不定冠词，表某种程度的熟悉与了解，与with连用；用作可数名词时，表“熟悉的人”。make ones acquaintance of sb=make sb.s acquaintance 结识某人 acquaint v. 使熟悉，使了解have no acquaintance with 不熟悉 be acquainted with/ acquaint oneself with熟悉/认识/了解【即时巩固】根据汉语提示完成句子我们先要想法了解事实。we should first try to _ the facts.我是在一次聚会上认识他的。i _ at a party. 【教材原句】when asked, they usually hesitate before responding. (p18)当被问及时，他们通常都要先犹豫一会儿再回答。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思he answered without hesitating / hesitation. he hesitated before answering. dont hesitate to tell us if you have a problem. 【答案】毫不犹豫 犹豫不决 犹豫不决去做某事【自主归纳】hesitate 是动词，意为：犹豫。其名词形式为：hesitation hesitate to do sth. 意为：做某事感到犹豫，hesitate后接动词不定式做宾语。与“without hesitation”有类似意义的词组：at once，in no time，without delay【即时巩固】根据汉语提示完成句子(2009福建卷)we are at your service. dont to turn to us if you have any further problems.a. beg b. hesitate c. desire d. seek you must let me have the annual report without _ by ten ocl ock tomorrow morning.a. failure b. hesitation c. trouble d. fail【教材原句】what friendship means to me. (p19)友谊对我意味着什么 friendship means having someone i can rely on. (p19)友谊意味着我有一个可以信赖的人。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思this new order will mean working overtime. breaking the vase was purely accidental; she did not mean to do it. he kept on saying really mean things to hurt me. 【答案】意味着加班加点 不是故意这样做的 说了一些刻薄的话【自主归纳】意味着做某事：mean doing sth. 打算做某事： mean to do sth.mean adj. 意为：刻薄的【即时巩固】单项选择题that your friend didnt offer you a gift on your birthday that he will break away with you . a. dont mean b. doesnt mean c. didnt meand. hadnt meant your mum is very kind. yeah, my mum is pretty considerate, you know what , she always arranges everything around me.a. she means b. you mean c. i mean d. we mean【答案】bc考点-11. mercy【教材原句】because i am a friend, i have had to learn patience and mercy. (p19)因为我是一位朋友，我必须学会耐心和怜悯。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思the judge showed little mercy to the drunk driver. the seized soldier appealed to his enemy to have mercy on him. they were lost at sea, at the mercy of wind and weather. 【自主归纳】mercy n. 仁慈；宽恕；怜悯have mercy on/upon .对有怜悯心 show mercy to sb. 对某人表示宽容at the mercy of . 任凭的摆布；完全受的支配 out of mercy 由于/出于仁慈with mercy 仁慈地 without mercy 残忍地；毫不留情地【即时巩固】根据汉语提示完成句子他们不给敌人半点仁慈。they _. 这只可怜的猫任由调皮的小男孩支配。the poor cat is _ the naughty boy. 他过去毫不留情地欺侮他的秘书，结果有一天她不辞而别了。he used to bully his secretary _, and one day she left her job without even saying goodbye.【教材原句】, and told her we werent going to be friends any more because she couldnt keep her word. (p 2)，并且告诉她， 我们不再是朋友了，因为她不守诺言。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思she is a good girl and can always keep her word . you can rely on it that he will not break his word. word came that chairman xi would inspect our school. 【自主归纳】break ones word /break ones promise违背诺言 eat ones words 收回前言，为说错话而道歉in other words 换句话说,也就是说 in a (one) word 总之have a word with sb/have a talk with sb 与某人谈话 have words with sb. 同某人争吵【即时巩固】单项选择题your performance in the driving test didnt reach the required standard_, you failed.a. in the end b. after all c. in other words d. at the same timecan you spare me a minute? i want to _.a. have a word b. have words c. eat my words d. keep my words 【答案】c a考点-13. get through【教材原句】our lines can get very busy, but please keep trying and you will soon get through. （p13）我们的电话可能会很忙，请不断尝试，你不久就会拨通的。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思he got through his driving test last week. she found writing helped her get through the rough days. your meaning didnt really get across. with the teachers help, i eventually got over my depression. 【自主归纳】get through (用电话)接通；(设法)做完；通过；度过get across 被理解；使人了解 get over 克服get on 进展，进步 get in 收获get around/round 到处走动；传播出去 get away 脱身，抽身【即时巩固】单项选择题(2013天津卷)i had hoped to take a holiday this year but i wasnt able to a. get away b. drop in c. check out d. hold on(2013安徽卷)traditionally, college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they on their life journey. a. give up b. settle down c. get through d. set off【教材原句】the qualities that boys and girls consider important in a friend seem to be the same, regardless of the basis of these friendships. (p18)无论男孩和女孩友谊的基础是什么，他们所看重的朋友身上的品质似乎是一样的。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思the speed difference is important regardless of industry and company size. regardless of what will happen next week, we will fish together. as regards environmental issues, the government will enforce existing regulations. with regard to future oil supplies, the situation is uncertain.【自主归纳】regardless of 不注意；不顾，不管(强调不认为某事非常重要，从而对其不理会、不重视)as regards regarding in/with regard to关于，至于regard sb.as 把某人看作regardless of 与in spite of, despiteregardless of . 强调不认为重要，从而不加以重视或考虑，而 despite 和 in spite of 有“尽管但是”之意。regardless of 后可跟 whether, what 引导的从句，而in spite of 和 despite 后不可接从句。【即时巩固】单项选择题this special school accepts all disabled students, _ educational level and background. a. according to b. regardless of c. in addition to d. in terms of _ big or small countries , we will make friends with anybody who admits that there is only one china. a. instead ofb. thanks to c. except for d. regardless of【答案】bd考点-15. rely on【教材原句】friendship means having someone i can rely on. (p19)友谊意味着我有一个可以信赖的人。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思we can rely on our children to do such work. he is a punctual man, so you may rely on him coming on time. you may rely on it that he will come to meet you. 【自主归纳】rely on =depend on依靠，依赖rely on sb.to do .依靠/指望某人做 rely on ones doing 依赖某人做rely on sb.for sth. 依赖某人某事 rely on it that从句 相信/指望rely on ones own efforts/strength自力更生【即时巩固】根据汉语提示完成句子什么事都不要依靠他他光会说空话。dont _ hes just a talker.既然你长大了，就不应该依靠你的父母。now that you are grown up, you should not _.他们用水只好依靠这条河。they have to _. 我们信赖他今天能完工。we _ the work today.【教材原句】we have been best friends since primary school and spend almost every day with each other.（p2）我们从小学就是好朋友，几乎每天都形影不离。【句法分析】与since短语或从句连用的句子要用完成时态。since从句中则用过去时。【考点聚焦】 it is (has been) +一段时间+since（从句中用一般过去时）since后跟持续性动词的过去时态，该动词的词义与其本来意思刚好相反，即从动作或状态结束时以来。他在会上说他来伦敦已经10年了。he said in the meeting that it had been 10 years since he came to london.你离开上海多久了？how long is it since you lived in shanghai?他吸烟已两年了。it has been two years since he began to smoke.【即时巩固】单项选择题have you known dr. jackson for a long time?yes，since she _the chinese society.a. has joinedb. joins c. had joinedd. joined考点-2. cant help doing及其衍生的句型【教材原句】yesterday, i saw him talking to another boy, peter, and i cannot help wondering if he wants peter to be his best friend instead of me. (p3)昨天，我看到他跟另外一名叫彼得的男生在说话，我禁不住在想，他是不是希望彼得取代我成为他最好的朋友呢。【句法分析】cannot (cant) help doing sth.“忍不住做某事，不禁做某事”。【考点聚焦】cant help but do sth.不得不做某事cant help (to) do sth. 不能帮忙做某事帮助某人做某事help sb. (to) do sth.或help sb. with sth.在某人的帮助下with the help of sb. 帮助某人度过难关help sb. out 请随便吃 help oneself to sth.【即时巩固】根据汉语提示完成句子当看到他的发型时，我忍不住笑了。i _ when i saw his haircut.他是这样一位大公无私的人，你不得不尊敬他。he is such an selfless man. you _ him.因为我很忙，所以就不能帮助你修自行车了。i _ your bike, because im busy.【教材原句】he got annoyed, saying it wasnt his fault if he couldnt play as well as me, and that i shouldnt talk to him in this manner.（p3）他很生气，说，如果他不能打得和我一样好，那不是他的错，他还说，我不应该那样对他说话。 for example, sometimes when he leaves the apartment to play football, amanda and her friend, sharon, are sitting on the sofa, talking. (p18)比如说，有时他离家去踢足球的时候，amanda和她的朋友sharon坐在沙发上，聊着天。【句法分析】saying和 talking都是现在分词做伴随状语。【考点聚焦】动词的现在分词和过去分词都可以用来做伴随状语。由其与主语的关系来确定用现在分词还是过去分词，如果是主动关系就用现在分词，如果是被动关系或是形容人的心理感受就用过去分词。【即时巩固】单项选择题(2012大纲卷)tony lent me the money, _that i d do as much fo