江苏专版2020版高考英语考前保分训练专题3阅读理解第4节记叙文练习牛津译林版.docx

第4节记叙文题组训练一1话题：人物介绍难度：建议用时：7分钟CharlesDickensisprobablythebest-knownand，tomanypeople，thegreatestEnglishnovelistofthe19thcentury.Asamoralist，satirist，andsocialreformer，DickenscraftedcomplexplotsandstrikingcharactersthatcapturethepanoramaofEnglishsociety.DickenswasborninPortsmouth，onEnglandssoutherncoast.HisfatherwasaclerkintheBritishnavypayofficearespectableposition，butwithlittlesocialstatus.Hispaternalgrandparents，astewardandahousekeeperpossessedevenlessstatus，havingbeenservants，andDickenslaterconcealedtheirbackground.Dickensmothersupposedlycamefromamorerespectablefamily.YettwoyearsbeforeDickensbirth，hismothersfatherwascaughtstealingandfledtoEurope，nevertoreturn.ThefamilysincreasingpovertyforcedDickensoutofschoolatage12toworkinWarrensBlackingWarehouse，ashoe-polishfactory，wheretheotherworkingboysmockedhimas“theyounggentleman”.Hisfatherwasthenimprisonedfordebt.Thehumiliations(耻辱) ofhisfathersimprisonmentandhislaborintheblackingfactoryformedDickensgreatestwoundandbecamehisdeepestsecret.Hecouldnotconfidethemeventohiswife，althoughtheyprovidetheunacknowledgedfoundationofhisfiction.Soonafterhisfathersreleasefromprison，Dickensgotabetterjobasanerrandboyinlawoffices.HetaughthimselfshorthandtogetanevenbetterjoblaterasacourtstenographerandasareporterinParliament.Atthesametime，Dickens，whohadareporterseyefortranscribing(转录) thelifearoundhimespeciallyanythingcomicorodd，submittedshortsketches(短篇作品) toobscuremagazines.Thefirstpublishedsketch，ADinneratPoplarWalkbroughttearstoDickenseyeswhenhediscovereditinthepagesofTheMonthlyMagazine.Fromthenonhissketches，whichappearedunderthepenname“Boz”inTheEveningChronicle，earnedhimamodestreputation.SoonafterSketchesbyBozappeared，apublishingfirmapproachedDickenstowriteastoryinmonthlyinstallments，asabackdropforaseriesofwoodcutsbythethen-famousartistRobertSeymour，whohadoriginatedtheideaforthestory.Withcharacteristicconfidence，DickenssuccessfullyinsistedthatSeymourspicturesillustratehisownstoryinstead.Afterthefirstinstallment，Dickenswrotetotheartistandaskedhimtocorrectadrawingwhich，Dickensfelt，wasnotfaithfulenoughtohisprose.Seymourmadethechange，wentintohisbackyard，andexpressedhisdispleasurebycommittingsuicide.Dickensandhispublisherssimplypressedonwithanewartist.Thecomicnovel，ThePosthumousPapersofthePickwickClub，appearedseriallyin1836and1837，andwasfirstpublishedinbookformin1837.TherunawaysuccessofThePickwickPapers，asitisgenerallyknowntoday，securedDickensfame.TherewerePickwickcoatsandPickwickcigars，andtheplump，spectacledhero，SamuelPickwick，becameanationalfigure.AfterPickwick，Dickensplungedintoableakerworld.InOliverTwist，hetracesanorphansprogressfromtheworkhousetothecriminalslums(贫民区) ofLondon.NicholasNickleby，hisnextnovel，combinesthedarknessofOliverTwistwiththesunlightofPickwick.ThepopularityofthesenovelsconsolidatedDickensasanationallyandinternationallycelebratedmanofletters.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。描述了狄更斯的家庭背景、成长经历和主要作品等。1.DickensfamilybackgroundhadthefollowingeffectsonhimEXCEPTthat.A.heformedanoddpersonalityB.itcastashadowonhisheartC.hehadtodropoutofschoolD.ithadhisdignitythreatened答案A解析细节理解题。A项文中没有提到，但B、C、D三项涉及的内容在文中第二段中都提及了。2.WhichofthefollowingworkssecuredDickensreputation?A.ADinneratPoplarWalk.B.OliverTwist.C.ThePickwickPapers.D.NicholasNickleby.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第六段第一句“TherunawaysuccessofThePickwickPapers，asitisgenerallyknowntoday，securedDickensfame.”可知，匹克威克列传的巨大成功为狄更斯赢得了声誉。3.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat.A.DickensinsistenceagainstSeymourswillmighthaveledtotheartistkillinghimselfB.itwasthecombinationofOliverTwistandPickwickthatmadeDickensworld-famousC.DickensreflectedthesituationofEnglishsocietyinthe18thcenturywithhisliteratureD.DickenssketchesinTheMonthlyMagazineattractedtheattentionofapublishingfirm答案A解析推理判断题。根据第五段倒数第三、四句“.Dickenswrotetotheartistandaskedhimtocorrect.andexpressedhisdispleasurebycommittingsuicide.”可知A项正确。根据文章最后一段可知，是狄更斯的三部小说让他享誉世界，故B项错误；C项中应反映的是19世纪的英国社会，故排除；D项中应是SketchesbyBoz吸引了出版商，故排除。4.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Dickensgreatcontributions.B.Dickensfamousworks.C.Dickensfamilybackground.D.Dickenslifeexperiences.答案D解析主旨大意题。文章介绍了查尔斯狄更斯的家庭背景、成长经历和主要作品等，因此A、B、C三项均是以偏概全，而D项囊括了全文内容。2话题：走路、乘车的好处难度：建议用时：6分钟Whenawebsitesuggestedthatwenotuseacarforaweek，Idecidedtohaveatry.Duringthelastcoupleyears，Ivegotusedtotakingthebus.Thefirsttwodayswasprettyeasy.Itookthebustomysummerschoolclass，walkedtotheshopafterwards，andthentookabushome.Thebusridesnevertookmorethan20minutesandsinceIstartedthechallengeonaweekday，thebusesranoftenandIdidnthavetowaitatstopsverylong.Butbythethirdday，Istartedtomissbeingabletogoanywhereinacar.Onthefourthday，aftergettingreadyforschool，IlookedattheclockandIwasalready20minuteslate.IknewthatifItookthebusIdarrivealmostanhourlate.Sincetheclassisonlytwohourslong，Iaskedmymomtodriveme.Ifeltguiltyaboutridinginacar，butitfeltgoodtobeinthepassengersseatagain.Fromthefifthdayonitwasnttoobad.Somefriendsofferedtodrivemetogooutafewtimes，andIhadtorefusetheirofferandwalktocloserplaceswiththeminstead.TheythoughtIwascrazytogowithoutusingacarforaweek.However，afteraweek，Irealizedthattherearealotofbenefitsofwalkingortakingthebus.Walkingishealthierformybodyandtheworld，andIdontmindtakingthebusbecauseIgettomeetreallyinterestingpeople.MyfavoritewasamanwhosaidhewasonajourneyacrossAmerica，andaskedmeaboutschoolandwhatmyfavoritesubjectis.Also，thebusisagoodplaceformetobecreative.Ivewrittenalotofpoemsonthebus.ImnotsurprisedJ.K.RowlingwroteHarryPotteronthetrain.Onthelastdayofthechallenge，IfeltlikeIcouldfinallyreturnfrommytravel.Strangely，thefirstdayofmyrenewedcarfreedomwasntasexcitingasIimagined.Oncethechancesarose，choosingacaroveragreenertravelbecamelessattractive.WhysitinthelonelypassengersseatwhenIcouldchooseanyfreeseatIwantedonabus？Besides，walkingortakingthebuscanhelpourenvironment.Sincetherearesomanybenefitsofwalkingortakingthebus，whynotwalkortakethebusmore?语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。作者接受了一周不乘坐小汽车的挑战，在这个过程中，他发现了走路和乘坐公共汽车的好处。5.Whydidtheauthorusethecaronthefourthday?A.Becausehehadgottiredoftakingabus.B.Becausetherewerentmanybusesthatday.C.Becausehereallymissedthepassengersseat.D.Becausehedidntwanttobelateforhisclass.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，作者选择乘坐小汽车是不想上课迟到，故选D。6.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Thebenefitsofwalkingortakingabus.B.Thepoemstheauthorwroteonthebus.C.Theactivitiestheauthoroftendidonthebus.D.Theinterestingpeopletheauthormetonthebus.答案A解析段落大意题。第四段第一句“However，afteraweek，Irealizedthattherearealotofbenefitsofwalkingortakingthebus.”为这一段的主旨句，主要是讲走路和乘坐公共汽车的好处，故选A。7.Wecaninferthatnowtheauthor.A.hasdecidednevertousehisfamilyscaragainB.isafraidofgoingsomewherefarbybusC.doesntlikelisteningtothecarradiowhenheisinthecarD.ismorewillingtogetaroundonfootorbybus答案D解析推理判断题。根据末段末句“Sincetherearesomanybenefitsofwalkingortakingthebus，whynotwalkortakethebusmore？”可推断作者现在比以前更愿意走路或乘坐公共汽车了。故选D。3话题：梵高简介难度：建议用时：7分钟Inthespringof1878，VincentvanGoghturned25.Ashelookedbackoverhisshortlife，theDutchmanfoundlittletocelebrateamongtheendeavorsofhisfalteringcareer.Byconventional，middle-classstandards，hewasafailure.Afteracoupleofdead-endteachingjobsinEngland，aswellasashort，forgettablespellworkinginabookshopinDordrecht，hemovedtoAmsterdamtobecomeaministerofreligion，followinginhisfathersfootsteps.Attheendof1878，hesetoffforthedepressedcoalminingdistrictoftheBorinagetothewestofthecityofMonsinBelgium，determinedtoestablishhimselfasapreacherfortheworkingclass.There，helivedinahumblehut，gaveawaymuchofhismoney，andchangedhissmartclothesintothepracticalwork-wearoftheBorins.Unfortunately，hewasnotagiftedspeaker，sohismeetingsweresparselyattended.Hisinabilitytoconnectwiththelocalcoalminerswascompoundedbyapracticallinguisticdifficulty：hecouldntmakeheadortailoftheirquick-fireregionaldialectknownas“WalloonFrench”whiletheyweremystifiedbyhisownattemptsatFrench，whichtotheirearssoundedoverlyformal.InJuly1879，onlyhalfayearafterhehadarrivedintheregion，hereceivedanothersetback：theauthoritiesterminatedhistrialreligiousappointment.Yetitwasatthisrock-bottommomentthatvanGogh，now26，startedtodraw.“Ioftenfeelhomesickforthecountryofpaintings，”hewrotetohisbrotherTheointhesummerof1880.Hefeltsympathyfortheworking-classminers.Forthefirsttimeinhislife，middle-classvanGoghwasfriendswithpoor，working-classpeople.Thepeoplewerepoorandilliterate，andtheirworkwashardanddangerous.YetforvanGogh，therewassomekindofbiggertruthintheirsimplewayoflife.Afterhebecameanartist，hechosetofindhissubjectmatterthere.Likeartiststhatheadmired，suchasJean-FrancoisMillet，hewantedtoportraythelifeofworking-classpeople，andheremainedinterestingindoingsocertainlyforthefirsthalfofhiscareer.Really，itstayedimportanttohimforever.Inadditiontothisgeneralconcernforeverydayrealityandtheruralpoor，particularthemesthatvanGoghencounteredintheBorinagewouldlaterfeatureprominentlyinhisart.Asheonceputitinaletter，“ItwasintheBorinagethatIbegantoworkfromnatureforthefirsttime.”FewworksfromvanGoghsBorinageperiodsurvived，becausetheartistburnedmostofthem.Asherevealedinalettertoafriend，hefelttheyweretooclumsyorrelatedtoanuncertaintimewhenhewasstilldevelopinghisownstyleandartisticvoice.语篇解读文章讲述了梵高年轻时候的生活境遇。8.WhathappenedtoVincentvanGoghin1878?A.Helearnedalotfromdifferentjobs.B.Hebecametheapprenticeofhisfather.C.Hewasamemberoftheworkingclass.D.Hefeltdissatisfiedwithhiscareer.答案D解析推理判断题。文中第一段提到梵高在1878年经历了几次工作的更换，但结果都不好，所以答案选D。9.WhydidvanGoghhavedifficultycommunicatingwiththelocalminers?A.Theminersdidntappreciatehisdressingstyle.B.TheirFrenchwasntagreeableineachothersears.C.HisFrenchpronunciationwasntstandard.D.Hehadtroubleinmakingaspeech.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段第三句可知，他无法与当地的煤矿工人建立联系，再加上一个实际的语言困难：他听不懂他们的方言“瓦隆法语”，而他们对他的法语感到困惑，因为在他们听来，他的法语听起来过于正式。故选B。10.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.VanGoghinteractedwithworking-classpeopleallthroughhislifeeventhoughhewasbornmiddle-class.B.VanGoghandJean-FrancoisMilletbothfoundinspirationfromtheruralpeopleintheBorinage.C.VanGoghspaintingsintheBorinagemirroredthelifeofworking-classpeople.D.VanGoghruinedmanyofhisworksintheBorinagebecausehisartisticvoicewasunheardthen.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第三段第四句“Forthefirsttimeinhislife，middle-classvanGoghwasfriendswithpoor，working-classpeople.”及最后一句“.ItwasintheBorinagethatIbegantoworkfromnatureforthefirsttime.”判断A错。B选项中的intheBorinage错。根据最后一段得知梵高烧掉自己的画是因为“hefelttheyweretooclumsyorrelatedtoanuncertaintimewhenhewasstilldevelopinghisownstyleandartisticvoice”，故答案选C。题组训练二1话题：蝴蝶的启示难度：建议用时：6分钟WalkingdownapaththroughsomewoodsinGeorgia，Isawasmallpoolofwateraheadonthepath.Ichangedmydirectiontogoarounditonthepartofthepaththatwasntcoveredbywaterormud.AsIreachedthepool，Iwassuddenlyattacked！YetIdidnothingfortheattack.Itwassounpredictableandfromsomewheretotallyunexpected.IwassurprisedaswellasunhurtthoughIhadbeenstruckfourorfivetimes.Ibackedupafootandmyattackerstoppedattackingme.HadIbeenhurt，Iwouldnthavefounditamusing.AndIwaslaughing.Afterall，Iwasbeingattackedbyabutterfly!Havingstopped，laughing，Itookastepforward.Myattackerrushedmeagain.Hechargedtowardsmeatfullspeed，attemptingtohurtmebutinvain.Forasecondtime，Itookastepbackwardswhilemyattackerpaused.Iwasntsurewhattodo.Afterall，itsjustnoteverydaythatoneisattackedbyabutterfly.Isteppedbacktolookthesituationover.Myattackermovedbacktolandontheground.ThatswhenIdiscoveredwhymyattackerwaschargingatmeonlymomentsearlier.Hehadamateandshewasdying.Sittingclosebesideher，heopenedandclosedhiswingsasiftofanher.Icouldonlyadmiretheloveandcourageofthatbutterflyinhisconcernforhismate.Hehadtakenituponhimselftoattackmeforhismatessake，eventhoughshewasclearlydyingandIwassolarge.Hedidsojusttogiveherthoseextrafewpreciousmomentsoflife.Hiscourageinattackingsomethingthousandsoftimeslargerandheavierthanhimselfjustforhismatessafetyseemedadmirable.Icouldntdoanythingotherthanrewardhimbywalkingonthemoredifficultsideofthepool.Hehadtrulyearnedthosemomentstobewithher，undisturbed.Sincethen，IvealwaystriedtorememberthecourageofthatbutterflywheneverIseehugebarriersfacingme.语篇解读本文为记叙文，讲述作者途经一池塘，遇到一只蝴蝶，为了保护它的伴侣反复攻击作者，明知自不量力还是坚持，这使作者每当遇到困难就会想起这只蝴蝶的勇气。1.Whydidtheauthorchangethedirectionwhilewalkingdownapaththroughsomewoods?A.Hewantedtotakeashortcut.B.Hetriedtofindwherehewantedtogo.C.Hewasattackedunpredictably.D.Hewasblockedbythepathcoveredbywaterandmud.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“WalkingdownapaththroughsomewoodsinGeorgia，Isawasmallpoolofwateraheadonthepath.Ichangedmydirectiontogoarounditonthepartofthepaththatwasntcoveredbywaterormud.”可知，作者原来走的那条小路有水和泥浆。2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Theauthorintendedtocatchthebutterfly.B.Thebutterflychargedtowardstheauthorforsakeofhismate.C.Thebutterflyamusedtheauthorbyattackinghimwithoutanyinjury.D.Thebutterflywasaggressiveandsincere.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句和第三段的内容可知，蝴蝶攻击我是为了他的伴侣。3.Whatdoestheauthorlearnfromthepassage?A.Everytimehewalksbythepool，healwaysthinksofthebutterflyandhismate.B.Hemustlearnattackingcourageofthebutterfly.C.Thecourageandloveofthecouplebutterflyareadmirable.D.Whenheisfacedwithdifficulty，thecourageofthebutterflyoccurstohim.答案D解析细节理解题。结合故事和最后一段可知，作者不管什么时候有困难一想起那只蝴蝶，就有战胜困难的勇气。2话题：成长经历难度：建议用时：7分钟Alittleboyalmostthoughtofhimselfasthemostunfortunatechildintheworldbecausepoliomyelitis(小儿麻痹症) madehisleglameandhisteethunevenandprotrudent.Heseldomplayedwithhisclassmates；andwhentheteacheraskedhimtoanswerquestions，healwaysloweredhisheadwithoutaword.Onespring，theboysfatheraskedforsomesaplingsfromtheneighbor.Hewantedtoplanttheminfrontofthehouse.Hetoldhischildrentoplantasaplingeachperson.Thefathersaidtothechildren，“Whoseseedlinggrowsbest，Iwillbuyhimorherafavoritegift.”Theboyalsowantedtogethisfathersgift.Butseeinghisbrothersandsisterscarryingwatertowaterthetreeshappily，anyhow，hehituponanidea：hehopedthetreeheplantedwoulddiesoon.Soafterwateringitonceortwice，heneverattendedtoit.Afewdayslater，whenthelittleboywenttoseehistreeagain，hewassurprisedtofinditnotonlydidntwilt，butalsogrewsomefreshleaves，andcomparedwiththetreesofhisbrothersandsisters，hisappearedgreenerandmorevital.Hisfatherkepthispromise，boughtthelittleboyhisfavoritegiftandsaidtohim：fromthetreeheplanted，hewouldbecomeanoutstandingbotanistwhenhegrewup.Sincethen，thelittleboyslowlybecameoptimistic.Oneday，thelittleboylayonthebedbutcouldntsleep.Lookingatthebrightmoonlightoutsidethewindow，hesuddenlyrecalledwhatthebiologyteacheroncesaid，plantsgenerallygrowatnight.Whynotgotoseethetree？Whenhecametothecourtyardontiptoe，hefoundhisfatherwassplashingsomethingunderhistreewithaladle(勺子).Allofasudden，heunderstood：hisfatherhadbeensecretlyfertilizinghissmalltree！Hereturnedtohisroom，tearsrunningdownhisfacewithoutrestraint.Decadespassed.Thelittleboydidntbecomeabotanist，buthewaselectedPresidentoftheUnitedStates.HisnamewasFranklinRoosevelt.Loveisthebestnourishmentoflife；evenifitisjustoneladlefulofclearwater，itcanmakethetreeoflifethrive.Maybethattreeisinconspicuous；perhapsthatthetreeissothin，andevensomewithered，butaslongasthereisnourishmentoflove，itcanflourishandevengrowintotoweringtrees.语篇解读本文介绍了富兰克林罗斯福的成长经历。富兰克林小时候曾因为小儿麻痹症而消极悲观，父亲发现后，让孩子们每人种一棵树以赢得礼物并为他栽种的树苗偷偷地施肥。4.Whydidthefathertellhischildrentoplantasaplingeachperson?A.Tomakethechildrencompetitive.B.Tomaketheboyconfidentandoptimistic.C.Tomaketheboyinterestedinbotany.D.Togivethemostoutstandingchildagift.答案B解析推理判断题。由第五段最后一句“Sincethen，thelittleboyslowlybecameoptimistic.”和下文的内容可知，父亲让孩子们种树实际上是为了让小男孩变得自信乐观。故选项B符合题意。5.FromtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph4，theauthorwantstoconveythat.A.theboyregardedhimselfasthetreeB.theboyhadlittleconfidencetowinthegiftC.theboywasjealousofhissiblingshealthD.theboytendedtosuicide答案A解析推理判断题。从表面上看男孩希望自己栽的树苗早日死去，这只是因为他很悲观。但从文章最后两段可知，作者想要表达的是男孩把自己看成了那棵树。故选项A符合题意。6.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheKeytoSuccessB.FathersDeepLoveC.TheBestNourishmentofLifeD.AToweringTree答案C解析标题归纳题。父亲表面上让孩子们每人种一棵树以赢得礼物，却一直在为小男孩栽种的树苗偷偷地施肥，实际上是为了让小男孩变得自信乐观，正是父亲的爱鼓舞了男孩，男孩最终成为美国总统。由此可知，爱是生命最好的养料，所以用TheBestNourishmentofLife是贴切主题的。故选项C符合题意。3话题：求职难度：建议用时：8分钟Astay-at-homemomfor26years，Atlanta-bornKCjustturned50andseeksajob.“Imnotjustlookingforsomethingtodo，”shesays.“Puttingfourkidsthroughcollegehasleftusinseverefinancialtrouble.Gettingajobisamust！”Growingup，allKCwantedtobewasamom.“Thattall.Justamomwhostayedhomewithmychildrenandcreatedagoodandcomfortablehomeformyfamily.”Shesnotsurewhythatambitionwassostrongforher.“Mymomworkedfull-time，soitwasntfromwatchingher.MaybebecauseIwishedshewasathomewithme，”KCsays.Leavingherlastjobaftertwoyearsforthebirthofherfirstchild，KCspentthenext26yearstakingcareofherhomeandfamily.TheDuluth，GA，homemakerrecognizesthedifficultyofhercurrentsituation，though.“Whenyousendoutaresumethathasa26-yeargap，youareluckyifyoucanevengetaninterview，letaloneanoffer.”Hereducationallimitationsalsopresentobstacles.“ThefactthatIdidntgotocollegeiskillingme.AtthetimethatIgraduatedfromhighschool，itwasntcommonforgirlstogotocollege.”ThatswhyKCsadvicetoothersis：“Getthatcollegedegree！Iwouldntchangeathingaboutbeingastay-at-homemom，soIwouldneveradviseagainstthat，butdosomething，nomatterhowsmall，tokeepyourskillsuptodate.Therearesomanyoptionstotelecommutethesedaysthatitwouldbeeasytodowhilebeingafull-timemom.”KChasherselflookedintotelecommuting，buthasnotfoundanythingyet.“Ihavefoundtonsofwork-at-homejobs，buttheywantacheckfrommefirst.”KCwouldstillliketogetadegreeandhaslookedintodoingsoanddiscussedtheprospectwithherhusband.“WefeelthatIneedtogetajobfirst，thengotoschoolpart-time.IfIcouldfindadecent-paying(薪资优厚的) part-timejob，Iwouldgobacknow，”shesays.Withacollegedegreeseeminglyunattainableatthemoment，KChasworkedtodevelopherskillssoshellbereadyfortheworkforce.“Ihavekeptupwithcurrenttechnology；itsnothardtowithtwoGeorgiaTechgraduatesinmyhouseandtw