全国各地高考英语专题汇编 专题1 虚词（冠词、代词、介词、连词）（B卷）（含解析）.doc

专题1 虚词（冠词、代词、介词、连词）（b卷）（限时25分钟）i.单项填空1.（2015湖南省十三校高三第二次联考25）as many as 20 dishes are provided in the dining hall today, choose _ suits you best awhatever bwhenever cwhichever dwherever2.（2015江苏省南京市、盐城市高三第二次模拟28）he abandoned teaching_ a career as a musician.a. in favor of b. in terms of c with regard to d. with reference to3.（2015浙江省宁波市十校高三3月联考12）the disaster relief funds are already _ so that people in the earthquake-stricken area can carry out reconstruction work without delay.a. in place b. in demand c. in order d. in vain4.（2015浙江省杭州地区七校高三第三次质量检测2）we need an effective strategy to help children living in _ poverty to have the opportunity to receive _ good education.a. the, / b. the , a c. /, / d. /, a5.（2015浙江省杭州地区七校高三第三次质量检测3）how old can you guess your new english teacher is ? its hard to say. but i guess him to be _between 35 and 40.a. anybody b. anywhere c. anyhow d. anything6（2015浙江省杭州地区七校高三第三次质量检测10）if she had known what lay _ for her, she would never have agreed to go.a. in demand b. in debt c. in place d. in store7.（2015浙江省杭州地区七校高三第三次质量检测17）the well hotel stands in a quiet place _ the main road at the far end of the lake.a. to b. for c. off d. out8.（2015湖南省怀化市高三第二次模拟28）we are looking for a teacher, especially _ with patience and imagination.a. it b. one c. that d. the one9.（2015福建省福州市高中毕业班第二次质量检测32）fujians forest cover average has reached 65.95 percent_provincial environmental effortsawith regard to bthanks to cin favor of dinstead of10.（2015福建省普通高中毕业班4月质量检查34）difficulties strengthen the mind, _labor does the body.a. as b. whether c. since d. because11.（2015福建省普通高中毕业班4月质量检查32）peter is always careless.dont _others; there is no perfect person. a. keep pace with b. make sense of c. find fault with d. take advantage of 12.（2015福建省普通高中毕业班4月质量检查27）university majors should not be _ market demand and the government should give more support for “unpopular” majors such as literature, history and philosophy.a. in the form of b. in the process ofc. at the mercy of d. at the risk of13.（2015福建省高三最后冲刺模拟21） going on a trip into space must be quite exciting experience.a. /; the b. the; the c. the; an d. /; an14.（2015四川省高三“联测促改”活动第二轮测试2）unless you devote yourself to practicing writing，_ can be achieved about it.a. anything b. something c. nothing d. everything15.(2015安徽省黄山市高中毕业班第二次质量检测21)_ct is really_ useful invention, with which doctors can find out whats wrong with a patient more easily.a. a; a b. the; an c. the; a d.a ;theii.完形填空(2015安徽省“江淮十校” 4月联考) what are consequences of laziness? many young persons seem to think it of not much consequence 16 they do not improve their time well in youth, vainly 17 they can make it up by careful work or effort when they are 18 . they also think it is shameful for men and women to be lazy, 19 that there can be no harm in persons who are young spending their time in any 20 they please.george jones thought 21 . at the age of 16, he went to an academy to prepare to enter college. his father obtained books for him, clothed him, and paid for schooling at his great 22 . but george thought of nothing but present 23 . when called to recite, he went red and what he recited were not the right words, 24 the whole class would burst into laughter. such are the applauses (掌声) a lazy person gets. 25 , though he passed a very poor examination, he was 26 with the test. it was those who 27 him that thought it was possible that the reason why he didnt 28 questions better was that he was frightened. however, in college there is not much 29 shown to bad scholars. george had 30 his studies so long that he fell behind. poor fellow! he paid 31 for his laziness. all the good scholars 32 him; they were ashamed to be seen in his 33 . he was growing discouraged. eventually, he had to quit college. such are the 34 of laziness.therefore, we should, from this history, take 35 , and “stamp improvement on the wings of time”.16. a. as b. until c. if d. since 17. a. expecting b. regretting c. indicating d. requiring18. a. older b. better c. taller d. stronger19. a. and b. but c. for d. or20. a. order b. sense c. manner d. pattern 21. a. so b. again c. aloud d. ahead22. a. sale b. speed c. length d. expense23. a. purpose b. pleasure c. memory d. situation24. a. so that b. in case c. as though d. now that25. a. at first b. on the contrary c. at last d. in other words26. a. faced b. satisfied c. combined d. admitted27. a. saved b. examined c. submitted d. appreciated28. a. come up with b. respond to c. end up with d. add to29. a. motivation b. dignity c. interest d. mercy30. a. ignored b. explored c. interrupted d. strengthened31. a. generously b. greedily c. constantly d. dearly 32. a. saved b. attracted c. avoided d. recommended 33. a. college b. company c. class d. community34. a. characteristics b. causes c. states d. wages35. a. action b. charge c. warning d. advice iii.阅读理解 (2015山东省德州市4月二模试题c) harry potter and the hunger games havent been big hits for nothing. lots of teens and adolescents still read quite a lot. but a study shows a clear decline over time. nearly half of 17-year-olds say they read for pleasure no more than one or two times a year，and thats way down from a decade ago. the digital revolution means there are more platforms than ever to read on. jim steyer has been studying the effect of technology on children，and he finds the results striking. steyer has four kids and has seen the trend most with his 16-year-old. “i start to see it in our 10-year-old，because he is less and less reading，and more and more attracted to some of the digital media platforms that he has access to. ”he says. researchers want to know more about how teens are spending their time in the digital age. but kathryn zickuhr of the pew research center says its tricky. if a kid is looking at a book，you can assume he or she is reading. but when it comes to looking at a smartphone or tablet，who knows? “weve heard from middle and high school teachers that sometimes the internet is wonderful for highly motivated students to do deep and expansive research，”says zickuhr. “but on the other hand，obviously there are many distractions(干扰)on the internet. ” “despite those distractions，parents can do a lot to promote reading. kids with parents who read，who buy or take books out of the library for their kids，and who then set time aside in their kidsdaily schedule for reading，tend to read the most，whether its on a book，an e-book or some other devices. ”jim steyer says. 36. what does jim steyer see in his four kids?a. they become addicted to magic novels. b. they read for pleasure more frequently. c. they spend too much time on electronic devices. d. they get their reading ability improved on the internet. 37. according to kathryn zickuhr，_. a. it is easy to know whether a kid is reading on a tabletb. kids are making the best of the internet in their studyc. the internet is an effective motivation to readingd. the internet can easily get students unfocused38. according to the last paragraph，the key to helping kids to read more is _.a. the internet b. parents c. digital devices d. scientists39. which of the following questions is the passage intended to explain?a. how do parents get teens out of digital media?b. what can be done to help kids to read for fun?c. why are teens reading less than before in digital age?d. why is reading for pleasure beneficial to kids?iv.微写作 （2015开封市模拟） 假定你是2015年第九届中国郑开国际马拉松赛的一名志愿者李华，请根据下列表格内容用英语写一篇日记。内容要点：举办日期2015年3月29日开始时间8:30 a.m大赛地点郑开大道参赛人数49.000具体任务搬运物资搭建帐篷清扫街道送水你作为一名志愿者的感悟注意：1词数100左右； 2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3日记开头已给出，不计入总词数。sunday, march.29 fine it is march 29，2015 and the ninth zhengkai international marathon 2015 has been held today._专题1 虚词（冠词、代词、介词、连词）（b卷）参考答案与解析i.单项填空1.【答案】c【命题立意】考查连词的用法。【解析】句意：今天餐厅提供了多达20多道菜，选择适合你的任何一道菜。whatever不管什么；whenever无论何时；whichever无论哪一个；wherever无论何时。根据前文设定了20道菜，应是选择“哪一个”。故选c。2.【答案】a【命题立意】考查介词短语的用法。【解析】句意：他放弃教学以有利于作为音乐家的职业。in favor of以有利于，支持，赞成；in terms of根据，依而言； with regard to关于，说起；with reference to提及，参考。故判断选a。3.【答案】a【命题立意】考查介词短语的用法。【解析】句意：减灾资金已经准备好以致于地震灾区的人们能毫不拖延地进行重建工作。a. in place合适，准备好；b. in demand 需要；c. in order有序；d. in vain徒劳。故选a。4.【答案】d【命题立意】考查冠词的用法。【解析】句意：我们需要有效的措施帮助生活在贫困中的孩子们有机会接受优质教育。in poverty在贫困中，为固定短语，in表示出于的状态；第二空receive a good education接受优质教育。故选d。5.【答案】b【命题立意】考查不定代词的用法。【解析】句意：-你能猜到你的新老师多大岁数了吗？很难说。但是我猜大约在35和40之间。anywhere between数目大约在之间。故选b。6.【答案】d【命题立意】考查介词短语的用法。【解析】句意：如果她知道她即将发生什么事，她将绝不会同意去。a. in demand急需；b. in debt债务累累；c. in place合适的地方；d. in store贮藏着，准备着，即将发生。题干是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，if条件从句中what引导的宾语从句中缺少表语，根据语义应填d。7.【答案】c【命题立意】考查介词的用法。【解析】句意：威尔宾馆处在一个湖边远离主干道的安静地方。off远离；to去；for为了；out出去，外面。故选c。8.【答案】b【命题立意】考查代词的用法。【解析】句意：我们在寻找一个老师，特别是一个有耐心和想象力的老师。题干前面是a teacher，后面代指其同类的人，应用one。故选b。9.【答案】b【命题立意】考查介词短语的用法。【解析】句意：幸亏全省的环保方面的努力，福建的森林覆盖面积平均达到了65.95%。with regard to关于；thanks to幸亏，由于；in favor of支持；instead of代替，而不是。故判断选b。10.【答案】a【命题立意】考查连词的用法。【解析】句意：困难让心理更坚强；就像劳动让身体更强壮一样。as像一样；whether不管；since自从，既然；because因为。故选a。11.【答案】c【命题立意】考查固定短语的用法。【解析】a. keep pace with跟上，并驾齐驱；b. make sense of有的意义；c. find fault with挑的刺；d. take advantage of优于。句意：peter总是很粗心。-别挑别人的错了，没有完美的人。故选c。12.【答案】c【命题立意】考查介词短语的用法。【解析】句意：大学的专业不应该受市场需要所支配，政府应给给予不受欢迎的专业，比如文学、历史和哲学更多的支持。a. in the form of以的形式；b. in the process of在的过程中；c. at the mercy of受的支配；d. at the risk of冒的风险。故选c。13.【答案】d【命题立意】考查冠词的用法。【解析】句意：一次太空旅行一定是一件令人激动的经历。space做“太空”时不加冠词。experience做经历的事讲是可数名词。故选d.14.【答案】c【命题立意】考查不定代词的用法。【解析】句意：除非你全身心投入写作，你将一事无成。anything任何事情；something某事；nothing没什么事；everything一切。根据题干中的unless判断答案。故判断选c。15.【答案】c【命题立意】考查冠词的用法。【解析】句意：ct是一种有用的发明，医生可以依靠它很容易地找到病人哪里出毛病了。指科技发明一般用定冠词the；一种有用的发明，应用不定冠词，useful以辅音音素/j/开头，故用a。故选c。ii.完形填空【文章解读】本文是夹叙夹议文。本文主要阐述了懒惰的代价，作者以george jones为例警醒读者不要懒惰，否则你将为此付出严重的代价。16.【答案】c【命题立意】考查连词的用法。【解析】本空考查连词基本含义的辨析。a. as一边一边；b. until直到；c. if如果；d. since自从。根据前后句之间的关系判断，故选c。17.【答案】a【命题立意】考查动词的用法。【解析】本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。a. expecting期待；b. regretting遗憾；c. indicating暗示；d. requiring需要。根据从句的不会好好管理时间和下文的careful work or effort判断是不要期待他们，故选a。18.【答案】a【命题立意】考查形容词的用法。【解析】本空考查形容词基本含义的辨析。a. older更老的；b. better更好的；c. taller更高的；d. stronger更壮的。与前文的in youth对应，故选a。19.【答案】b【命题立意】考查连词的用法。【解析】本空考查连词基本含义的辨析。a. and和；b. but但是；c. for因为；d. or或者。此处是与前文it is shameful for men and women to be lazy都是think的并列宾语从句，两从句之间是转折关系，故选b。20.【答案】c【命题立意】考查名词的用法。【解析】本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。a. order订单；b. sense感觉；c. manner方式；d. pattern模型。in any matter they please以他们喜欢的方式。故选c。21.【答案】a【命题立意】考查副词的用法。【解析】本空考查副词基本含义的辨析。a. so因此；b. again再，又；c. aloud大声地；d. ahead前方。think so这样认为，so此处是代替前文所说的内容。故选a。22.【答案】d【命题立意】考查名词的用法。【解析】本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。a. sale销售；b. speed速度；c. length长度；d. expense费用。与前文的paid for对应，at ones great expense以巨大的代价。故选d。23.【答案】b【命题立意】考查名词的用法。【解析】本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。a. purpose目的；b. pleasure快乐，高兴；c. memory记忆；d. situation环境，形势。24.【答案】a【命题立意】考查连词的用法。【解析】本空考查连词基本含义的辨析。a. so that结果；b. in case万一，以免；c. as though好像；d. now that既然。根据主从句之间的关系，故选a。25.【答案】c【命题立意】考查介词短语的用法。【解析】本空考查介词短语基本含义的辨析。a. at first起先；b. on the contrary相反；c. at last最后，终于；d. in other words换句话说。根据前文的“掌声”，应是“懒人最终得到的掌声”。故选c。26.【答案】d【命题立意】考查动词的用法。【解析】本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。a. faced面对；b. satisfied使满意；c. combined连接；d. admitted承认，允许。根据前文的though和a poor examination判断应是“被承认”了。故选d。27.【答案】b【命题立意】考查动词的用法。【解析】本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。a. saved节省；b. examined检查；c. submitted呈上；d. appreciated欣赏，感激。根据前文的examination判断。故选b。28.【答案】b【命题立意】考查动词短语的用法。【解析】本空考查动词短语基本含义的辨析。a. come up with想起； b. respond to反应；c. end up with以为结束；d. add to增加。根据空后的questions判断应该是“反应”，故选b。29.【答案】d【命题立意】考查名词的用法。【解析】本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。a. motivation动力；b. dignity体面；c. interest兴趣；d. mercy可怜。与下文的bad scholar相对应，应是“同情，可怜”。故选a。30.【答案】a【命题立意】考查动词的用法。【解析】本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。a. ignored忽视；b. explored探索；c. interrupted打断；d. strengthened加强。与下文的fell behind对应应是“忽略”。故选a。31.【答案】d【命题立意】考查副词的用法。【解析】本空考查副词基本含义的辨析。a. generously慷慨的； b. greedily贪心地；c. constantly不断地；d. dearly昂贵地。 根据前文应是付出昂贵的代价。故选a。32.【答案】c【命题立意】考查动词的用法。【解析】本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。a. saved节省；b. attracted吸引；c. avoided避免；d. recommended推荐。根据前文付出代价，应该是“所有的学者都不见他”，与下文的ashamed相对应，故选c。33.【答案】b【命题立意】考查名词的用法。【解析】本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。a. college大学；b. company公司，陪伴；c. class班级；d. community团体。in ones company和某人在一起，陪伴某人。故选b。34.【答案】d【命题立意】考查名词的用法。【解析】本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。a. characteristics特征；b. causes根源；c. states状态，州；d. wages工资，代价。他因为懒惰不得不放弃学业，这就是懒惰的代价。故选d。35.【答案】c【命题立意】考查名词的用法。【解析】本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。a. action行动；b. charge费用；c. warning警告；d. advice建议。此处是从他的事例中得到警醒，故选c。iii.阅读理解【文章解读】该文章是生活类文章阅读。该文章主要讲述了在现在的数字时代，青少年读书越来越少了。作者呼吁父母们关注孩子和孩子一起读书，享受读书的快乐。36.【答案】c【命题立意】考查判断推理题。【解析】通读文章的第一、二、三段，特别是根据第三段jim steyer所说的话i start to see it in our 10-year-old，because he is less and less reading，and more and more attracted to some of the digital media platforms th