小学英语四种时态的比较.doc

小学英语四种时态的比较时态定义标志词谓语形式疑问形式否定式提问谓语一般现在时1、 经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态2、 客观真理频度副词：例：always, usually, often,sometimes, every day(week、Sunday )、never1、主语+系动词be( am, is, are)2、主语+行为动词原形；3、主语为第三人称单数时V + s, 或 es1、 be 放主语前2、 主语前加do 或does (动词还原)1、 be + not 2、 动词前加 dont 或doesnt (动词还原)What do /does + 主语+ do?如：What does she do every day? She reads English every day.现在进行时表示目前正在发生的动作或存在的状态1、提示语：look! Listen! now、see? over there2、At +时间点3、 前面有祈使句4、 IIts+具体时间5、 特定情景主语+be (am, is, are ) + V-ingbe放在主语前be + notWhat is / are +主语+ doing？如：What are you doing now? Were listening now.一般将来时1、 表示计划或打算做某事2、 将要发生的动作或存在的状态1、 tomorrow, the next day,this evening this afternoon, soon2、 the day after tomorrow, next (week,term,month,year)3、3、 in +未到年份，如in 2008 1、 主语+be going to + V 原形2、 主语+will + V 原形3、 go, come, leave 等用现在进行时表示将来4、 want 用一般现在时表将来be 或will 放主语前be 或 will 后加 notwill not = wont 1、What is/ are +going to do?2、What will + 主语+do?如：What will he do next week? He will play basketball next week.一般过去时表示过去时间内发生的动作或存在的状态1、 yesterday, last (week,year,month)the day before yesterday,just now等2、two years ago/ at that time/ before等3、in +过去年份1、主语+动词be 的过去时（was, were）2、主语+行为动词的过去式1、 was / were 放主语前2、 主语前加did (动词还原)1、 was/ were + not 2、 动词前加didnt (动词还原)What did + 主语+ do?如：What did Tom do last night? Tom did his homework last night.二、动词的变化规则。一般现在时主语为第三人称单数时，动词的形式动词现在分词动词过去式1) 一般情况下，在动词原形后面加s. 如：plays、gets2) 以o,sh,ch结尾的动词加es. 如does、goes、washes、watches、catches3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，将y改成i后再加es. 如flyflies studystudiescarrycarries. 4）特殊情况：have-has 1) 一般情况下，在动词原形后面加ing. 如：playing、reading2) 以不发音e结尾的动词,去e加ing. 如：makemaking taketakinghavehaving3) 以“重读闭音节，辅音+元音+辅音”结尾的动词，双写最后一个字母加ing. 如：run-running, swim-swimming4）注意：以y结尾的动词变为现在分词，y不需要改变，直接加ing. 如：playing1) 一般情况下，动词原形后加ed.如：cooked.2) 以不发音e结尾的动词加d. 如：lived、phoned. 3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,将y改成i后再加ed. 如：studystudied flyflied、try-triedcarry-carried.4) 以重读闭音节(辅音+元音+辅音) 结尾的动词，双写最后一个字母加ed. 如：skipped、shopped5) 不规则变化：第八册课本第90页表格三、用所给动词的适当形式填空：1.Listen!The children _(sing)in the classroom.2. The kite _ (be) broken last week.3.Look! The woman over there _ (look) at you.4.Mary _ (visit) her grandparents next Monday.5. Miss Li _(have) an English class every Tuesday.6.I _ (leave) for Shanghai tomorrow evening.7.Joan often _ (catch) the No.11 bus to work. 8.He _much about Chinese.(not know)9.Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But yesterday was rainy. He _ (go) to school by bus.10. My mother usually _(watch) TV and _(wash) clothes on Sunday morning? 11. I _(make) a model ship with Mike last Saturday.12. Today is a sunny day. We _ (have) a picnic this afternoon.13. _your sister often _(go)shopping?14. The boys _ (swim)in the river now.15. What _ he _(do) in 1990 ? He _(be) an office worker.16. Everyone in my family_ (be) busy now. But my brother _(play) with the cat.四、单项选择。( ) 1.They _ climbing mountains. A. like B. likes C. liking( ) 2.Tom and Jack _ some reading every day. A. do B. does C.doing( ) 3.My brother_ hard. A. study B. studys C. studies( ) 4.Joe doesnt _ any money now. A. have B. has C. having( ) 5.Toms English teacher _ him questions very often. A. ask B. asks C. asking( ) 6.Mary and May _ exercise under the tree now. A. take B. are taking C. taking ( ) 7.I am going to _ a soldier 10 years later. A. walks B. walking C. walk() 8.I will _ very cold tomorrow. A. be B. is C. going to be() 9.Mike often _ exercise on Thursday afternoon. A. takesB. is talking C. is going to take( ) 10.Ben _ a lot of cold water just now. A. drinks B. drinked C. drank( ) 11.We can _ different animals in the zoo. A. seeB. saw C. seeing( ) 12. The train _ at about 10:00 last night. A. leaves B. leavingC. left( ) 13.She will _ water the flower later. A. water B. waters C. watering( ) 14. Ken _ the Night Zoo by bus next Sunday. A . is going to visit B. visits C. visiting( ) 15.Look, the children _ in the park. A. are having fun B. is having funC. are going to have fun（ ）16、Mr Brown _ tomorrow. A . goes fishing B. will go fishingC. go fishing( ) 17. _the children visiting the museum now? A. Are B.