九年级《Unit1Howdoyoustudyforatest（第1课时）》整体自学学案.doc

Uint1 How do you study for a test?第1课时：整体自学学案【学习目标】:Section A、Section B、Self-check and reading【学习重点】:1、本单元词汇 2、本单元知识要点【学习过程】：一、自学学案 例析导学1、They also have fun。 fun n. 乐趣 ，玩笑【拓展】 1）have fun 意为“过得开心”相当于enjoy oneself have a good time 【展示】：You are sure to have fun at the party 。 = = 2）have fun doing sth 意为“开开心心做某事”【展示】：孩子们开开心心的玩游戏。 类似的结构还有have trouble /problems （in）doing sth 例如：He had trouble making complete sentences .have trouble（in） doing sth. 意为“做有困难”还可以写成 have difficulty /trouble doing sth 注意1）difficulty /trouble前可有修饰语some ，much ，little，no2）difficulty /trouble 为不可数名词3）句中介词in 可以省略4）若宾语为名词，介词应用with His son had trouble working out the problem.2、and then end up speaking in Chinese .end up 结束,后接动词的v-ing形式end up with 以结束,以而告终【展示】： 游戏以一首歌结束。 【拓展】 end 作名词1.端，尖，末端，终点 例如： the end of the year 2.边缘；极点，极限 例如：the end of the road 3.结局，结果。 例如：the end of the story 3、joining the English club at school was the best way to improve her English .the best way to do sth 做谋事的最好方法【拓展】 1)way 方式 , 方法 有两种用法the way to do sth the way of doing sth 【展示】： This is the best way to solve the problem. = 2)way 道路 the way to sw eg. on ones way to 其中to 是介词后面跟表示地点的名词做宾语 例如: He got lost and couldnt find his way home.4、Do you ever practice conversations with your friends ?1) ever adv. 曾经 【拓展】 一般用于疑问句,否定句中,表示频率。类似的词还有always ，usually ，often ，sometimes ，hardly ，ever ，never，用在行为动词之前，助动词之后。2）practice n。& v. 练习,实习,实践,practice doing sth. 练习干某事 【展示】：每天早上他练习跑步。 5、Ive learned a lot that way .a lot 很多,非常【拓展】1)在句中做主语 例如:A lot has been done about it .2) 在句中做宾语 例如: You have done a lot for him .3) 在句中做状语 ,且可修饰比较级 例如: He feels a lot better today .4) a lot of=lots of，修饰可数名词或不可数名词，意为“许多”，相当于many或much。There is a lot of(=lots of) homework to do.有许多作业要做。魔力纠错她在穿上没有花很多钱。误：She doesnt spend a lot of money on dresses.正：She doesnt spend much money on dresses. 【展示】：他们之间有许多不同之处。 = = 6、She added that having conversations with friends was not helpful at all .add v. 增加 ,补充说 , 继续说【拓展】 1) add sth to sth. 添加 ,增加例如: If you add five to nine ,you will get fourteen .2)add up to 总计 例如: These numbers add up to 177 .7、I make mistakes in grammar .mistake n. 错误【拓展】1）make mistakes 意为“犯错,出错”例如He made few mistakes in his English exams，he has done a good job。2）by mistake 意为 “由于差错”例如:He took my backpack by mistake.3) mistake.for. v. 意为“把错认成”【展示】： 我们常常把他错认成他的哥哥。 8、Now I am enjoying learning English .enjoy v. 意为 “享受,享有”【拓展】 1) enjoy sth 例如: He enjoys good health. enjoy oneself “过得愉快” 相当于 have a good time 2)enjoy doing 意为 “欣赏,喜爱”例如:He enjoys listening to light music in his spare time .9、My teacher is very impressed .impress v. 使感动,给深刻的印象【拓展】 impress sth on/upon sb. 使铭记, 使深刻地意识到例如: His words impressed themselves on my memory .10、I couldnt always make complete sentences .complete adj. “完整的,完全的” 在句中做定语,表语例如:The novel is not complete . This is a complete story .【拓展】 complete v. 完成 例如: She has completed her studies .11、forget a lot of new words.forget v. ( forgot forgotten ) 忘记,遗忘【拓展】 1) forget to do sth 忘记去做谋事(未做) forget doing sth. 忘记曾做过谋事(以做过)【展示】别忘记带上雨衣。 他离开家的时候忘记已经锁过门了。 2)leave sth sw 表示把某物忘在某地 【展示】： 今天早上我把书遗忘在家了。 12. challenge n.挑战 【拓展】 challenge v. 向挑战 例如:Their school challenged ours to a football game .13solution 意为“（问题的）解决，是可数名词，后常接介词to。【拓展】 常与trouble ，problems等搭配 。例如：What is the solution to your trouble？What is the best solution to the problem ？14I dont have a partner to practice English with .practice （practise是英国英语）v. 意为“练习”后接名词、动名词做宾语。【展示】我女儿每天练习弹钢琴。 【拓展】 practice 可做名词 例如: Have you had more practice in nursing the sick?15、To begin with ,she speaks so quicklyto begin with 意为“首先,第一“ ，常用来列举原因。例如：We cant possibly go .To begin with ,its too cold ,and besides ,we will talk about it later on .16、Later on, I realized that it doesnt matter if you dont understand every word. (P6)后来，我意识到即使不理解每个单词也没有关系。later on是由later与on构成的固定词组，但在意思和用法上与later既有相同之处，也有区别的地方。特别提示later与later on的用法1）later作副词用，意为“后来”，“以后”，往往以以前或现在的时间或事情为基准，因此，常用于一般过去时或一般将来时。Later he learned how to repair television sets.后来他学会了修电视机。The radio says the sun will come out later.广播说太阳过些时候就会出来。2）later常和一个表示时间的名词连用，构成“时间段+later”结构，用于一般过去时态。He came back a week later.一星期后他回来了。魔力纠错两天后我再来拜访。误：I shall call again two days later.正：I shall call again in two days.魔力解析“时间段+later”不可用于从现在算起的若干时间以后。说“从（现在起）之后”，应该用“in+时间段”。later on作副词短语使用，也是“后来”，“以后”的意思，有时可与later互换。That happened later on/later.后来那件事发生了。later on只可单独使用，不能用于“时间段+later on”结构。专项练习 一、选择填空（ ）1.The boys are going to have fun _the picture. A. draw B. to draw C drew D drawing（ ）2.I am sorry I took your umbrella _ .A. because mistake B. with mistake C. by mistake D. by mistakes（ ）3.Cant you see Tom and Jim _football? A. playing B. play C. to play D. played （ ）4. My English teacher was very angry _Tom . A. at B. about c. with D. on （ ）5.His mother is strict _. A. with him B. with he C. in him D. in he（ ）6. When we practice English speaking ,we shouldnt end up _in Chinese .A. speak B. speaking C. to speaking D. with speak （ ）7. Lets go swimming if it _hot tomorrow. A. will be B. would be C. is D. is going to be（ ）8. Taiwan is _the east of China and _the west of Fujian province .A. in; to B. to ;to C. on; to D. in; to二、填空1.They enjoyed _( their )at the party .2.Youd better _( not take )the notebook with you .3. He went to school without _( have ) breakfast.4.He often practices _( run )on the playground.5.We _( be )to Jinan some times .6.I often hear Jim _( sing )in the next room .7. He _( take ) part in the sports meeting last week 8.She is much _(thin) than before.9. This is the best way _( solve )the problem.句析导学1、How do you study for a test? I study by listening to tapes.你怎样学习,准备应考？通过听录音。How是用来提问“怎么，怎样”的疑问词，引导一个特殊疑问句，经常用by加动词的Ving形式， 表示“通过方式，方法”或“借助某种手段”【展示】 你通常怎样上学？我通常坐公共汽车。 He makes a living （靠在农场工作）2.What about listening to tapes？ 听录音怎么样？What about ？相当于How about？后面可跟名词、代词或动词Ving形式。常用来提出建议，征求意见或询问情况。相类似句子有Why not +v？（Why dont you +v？） Lets +v . Shall we +v ? Youd better +v.例如：Why dont you join an English language club to practice spoken English ?【展示】What about /How about going boating with us ? = = = = 为什么不向老师寻求帮助呢？ 3.Its too hard to understand the voices .语音难以理解。too +adj /adv +to do 表示”太而不能”,句中it是形式主语,真正主语是动词不定式。可与sothat 和enoughto do sth 改写. 例如：First of all ，it wasnt very easy for me to understand the teacher when she talked to the class .1） first of all “首先，第一”常放在句首，用于强调事情的重要性。而at first是“起先，开始”的意思。2）It is + adj.+ for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说干谋事 it 做形式主语,不定式是句子的真正主语.例如: It isnt very easy for her to study English well .【展示】Its too heavy for me to carry the box. = = 4、he finds watching movies frustrating because the people speak too quickly .watching movies 动名词做宾语,frustrating 形容词做宾语补足语find +宾语+形容词 发现 【展示】 他发现英语很有趣。 不定式做宾语时,用find it adj. for sb. to do sth 在以下结构中it做形式宾语,如, find/feel /think it +adj +for sb. to do sth例如：I found it difficult to sing the song well.【展示】他发现要通过这次考试很困难。 5、I think that doing lots of listening practice is one of the secrets of becoming a good language learner. (P6) 我认为做大量的听力练习是成为一个好的语言学习者的秘诀之一。(1)该句是由that引导的宾语从句，当主句用一般现在时态时，从句可以用任意时态；当主句用过去时态时，从句则要用相应的过去时。例如：I hear that Mr Brown has been to Shanghai. 我听说布朗先生去过上海。【展示】 他说这些答案是正确的。 (2)one of意为“(中的)一个”，其后接名词的复数形式，如有形容词修饰名词时，形容词要用最高级。【展示】王老师是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。 6. How do we deal with our problems? (P8)我们怎样处理我们的问题？本句中的deal with意为“处理，解决”，相当于do with，其主语通常是人或物。【展示】我有许多问题要解决。 【拓展】deal with作“与打交道”，“与做买卖”解时，主语通常是人、公司、商店等。My elder brother will deal with you later on. 我哥哥以后会来收拾你的。deal in有时也可以表示“与做买卖”，但后面跟具体的商品。例如：This shop deals in computers. 这家商店做电脑买卖。7. Most of us have probably been angry with our friends, parents or teachers. (P8)我们中的大部分人可能都生过我们的朋友、父母或老师的气。本句中的be angry with意为“对某人生气”，后面常跟人作宾语；当表示生气的原因时，可以加上for doing sth。He was angry with me for not having done anything. 我什么也没有做，他为此很生气。【拓展】be angry at表示“因某事生气”，后面接表示言行的名词、代词或v-ing形式或从句作宾语。例如：He was rather angry at missing the bus.他因没有赶上公共汽车而相当生气。【展示】他对我所说的感到生气。 8. Time goes by, and good friendships may be lost. 时间流逝，良好的友谊可能也就随之逝去了。(1)go by是不及物动词短语，意为“走过”，“（时间）消逝，流逝”。例如：Two weeks went by. 两周过去了。(2)lost是lose的过去分词。lose意为“丢失，失去”时，语气较强，一般指失去不易找回。【展示】那个人在战争中失去了一条腿。 【拓展】miss意为“丢失，失去”时，指东西或人丢失了，但有找到的希望。 例如：She missed her child in the street. 她在街上把孩子丢了。 注：miss可以表示“想念”的意思，而lose则不能。【展示】 你不在时我们都会想念你的。 【拓展】作定语或表语时，lose用过去分词形式，miss用现在分词形式。【展示】Who has found my pen? 谁找到了我丢失的钢笔？ They set out to look for the girl at once.他们立即出发去寻找丢失的女孩。词语辨析1sometimes ， sometime ， some time ，some times 1）sometimes 表示“有时”，相当于at times用于一般现在时，常用how often 提问。2）sometime 表示“在某个时候”，常用when 来提问。3）some time 表示“一些时间”，用于现在完成时，常用how long来提问。4）some times 表示“许多次”“许多倍”用于现在完成时，常用how many times 来提问。【展示】 I will visit my best friends next week.They have been to Beijing . we go to school on foot.He has stayed in Shanghai for .1. learn study 1）learn 意为“学习，学会”，指通过学习，练习或从中获得某种知识技能，着重学习的成果。多用于学习的初级阶段或带有模仿性的操作技艺等。2）study意为“学习，研究”，通常带有努力钻研的意味。【展示】 It isnt hard to to drive. We must hard for our country .2. attend ,join ,join in , take part in 参加1)attend 到场出席,指出席或参加会议,聚会,讲座等.例如:attend the meeting 2)join 指加入到某一组织,团体或人群中去,并成为其中的一员.例如:join the party, join the army ,join the club3)join in +ving 或活动,表示参加某项活动4)take part in 指“参加”某一项活动，并在其中起积极的作用，的宾语是表示集体活动的名词。例如：take part in the contest ，4aloud ，loud ，loudly 都是副词1）aloud出声地，指提高声音为了是他人能听见，不是心想，不是默读。例如：He cried aloud for help .2）loud 大声地，主要指说话声和哭声等，常用于比较级。例如：Dont