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定语从句考点分析考点一、关系代词与关系副词的辨析及基本用法【考例1】 That evening, _ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. (2012全国II)A. that B. which C. what D. when【考例2】 We live in an age _ more information is available with greater ease than ever before. (2012浙江)A. whyB. whenC. to whom D. on which 考点二、“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中,介词主要根据三个方面来确定:与定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词等的搭配、与先行词的介词搭配、定语从句所表达的意义。关系代词要与先行词对应,并符合从句所表达的意义。 如:Wind power is an ancient source of energy to which we may return in the near future. (return to)Yesterday we had a meeting at which we discussed many problems. (at the meeting)Air, without which man cant live, is really important. (without air)注:介词也可以放在从句中;含有介词的短语动词不能拆开,即介词仍然放在动词之后。(一) 简单介词+关系代词 【考例】Care of the soul is a gradual process _ even the small details of life should be considered. (2012湖南)A. what B. in what C. which D. in which (二) 简单介词+关系代词+名词【考例1】 I wish to thank Professor Smith, without _ help I would never have got this far. (2012天津)A. who B. whose C. whom D. which【考例2】 Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, _ he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students Union. (2005重庆)A. during which time B. for which time C. during whose time D. by that time【考例3】 Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from _ effects the people are still suffering. (2005天津)A. that B. whose C. those D. what (三) the+名词+of+关系代词该结构表示所属关系,口语中常用“whose +名词”代替;有时还采用“of which +(the)+名词”结构。【考例1】 She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _ had taken more than three years. (2011江西)A. for which B. with which C. of which D. to which【考例2】 For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, _ New York is an example. (2008四川)A. for which B. in which C. of which D. from which (四) 表示部分的词语of关系代词表示部分的词语常见的有:不定代词、数词(+名词)、the +最高级/比较级,以及表示量的词语many, most, few, several, enough等。有时为了行文的需要,也可把表示部分的词放在关系代词的后面。【考例1】 Maria has written two novels, both of _ have been made into television series. (2012山东)A. them B. that C. which D. what【考例2】 In our class there are 46 students, _ half wear glasses. (2012四川)A. in whom B. in them C. of whom D. of them考点三、as引导的非限制性定语从句as引导非限制性定语从句的常用结构有:as we / you know / can see / expect , as usually happens/is often the case或被动结构as is said /known / announced / reported / mentioned / expected /discussed等。【考例1】 _ is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived. (2013陕西)A. It B. That C. What D. As【考例2】 The air quality in the city, _ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months. (2012福建) A. that B. it C. as D. what考点四、where, when引导的定语从句(一) 近年高考试题中对于where的考查趋于复杂化,除了表地点用where外,当先行词是case, point, position, stage, situation, business, activity等表示某人/物的情况、某事发展的阶段、某事的某个方面等“抽象地点”名词,且定语从句中缺少状语时,引导词常用where。【考例】 Sales director is a position _communication ability is just as important as sales skills. (2012重庆)A. which B. that C. when D. where(二) when引导定语从句时,先行词是表示时间的词(有时为抽象名词,如occasion, stay等)。【考例】 Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _ the audience can buy ice-cream. (2011江苏)A. when B. where C. that D. which (三) when, where在定语从句中可分别起到代替副词then, there的作用。可用定语从句替换并列句,即since /until/by when = and since/until/by then;from where = and from there。【考例1】 Jane is back in May, by _ the new house should be finished. (2008四川延考区)A. which B. that C. whom D. when【考例2】 The book was written in 1946, _ the education system has witnessed great changes. (2007山东)A. when B. during which C. since then D. since when考点五、分隔定语从句 定语从句和先行词常常被其它成分分隔,干扰了句子结构的判断,从而给辨别从句带来一定的难度。【考例】 Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, _, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society. (2012浙江)A. which B. who C. where D. whom考点六、定语从句关系代词的省略【考例】The house I grew up _ has been taken down and replaced by an office building. (2009江西) A. in it B. in C. i
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