高中英语 Unit1 getting along with othersgrammer and usage课件 牛津译林版必修5.ppt

module5unit1 grammar usage reading readthecontentsonp8andtrytogetmoreabouttheinfinitive tensesoftheinfinitive twomainkindsofinfinitives theto infinitive thebareinfinitiveps herepleasepayattentiontotheusageof to itcanbothfunctionasaprepositionandthesymbolofaninfinitive beusedtodoingsthusedtodosth functionsoftheinfinitiveinthesentences subjectofasentenceobjectobjectcomplementattributepredicativeadverbial theinfinitivefunctionsasthesubjectofthesentence e g 1 todecoratethechristmastreeismytask 2 totalkwithyourmouthfullisrude 3 tobecomealawyerwashischildhooddream 当不定式作主语时 常用it作形式主语 而将真正的主语放在句子后面保持句子的平衡 a itismytasktodecoratethechristmastree b itisrudetotalkwithyourmouthfull c itishischildhooddreamtobecomealawyer theinfinitivefunctionsastheobject hemanagedtosolvetheproblembyhimself iliketoreadnewspaperarticlesaboutsports ps 动词不定式在句中作宾语时 如果带有宾语补足语 要用it作形式宾语idon tthinkitrighttodoitinthatway ifindithardtogetalongwithhim theinfinitivefunctionsastheobject 疑问代词 疑问副词 不定式 常常用作动词或是介词的宾语idon tknowwheretospendmyholiday haveyoudecidedwhentomarry theinfinitivefunctionsastheobjectcomplement 1 常需要不定式作宾补的动词有 allow ask advise beg cause encourage expect forbid force get wouldlike love hate order permit persuade teach tell want warn wish etc通常这样的动词接这样的结构verb sb sth todosth theinfinitivefunctionsastheobjectcomplement 1 e g 1 theteachersdon tallowustousee dictionarywhiledoingreadingcomprehension 2 iwantyoutoreadthewholepassageagain theinfinitivefunctionsastheobjectcomplement 2 动词后接不定式 tobe的结构的动词有 believe consider discover find judge prove think etc 有时候可以省略tobe e g 1 weallbelievejordantobethetopbasketballplayerinalltime 2 iconsiderhimtobeoneofthebestteachersinourschool theinfinitivefunctionsastheattribute 通常情况下不定式做定语 放在所修饰中心词的后面做后置定语 不定式和定语从句之间实现互换 e g 1 ihavealotofhomeworktodo ihavealotofhomeworkthatihavetodo 2 ihavenoonetotalkto ihavenoonethaticantalkto theinfinitivefunctionsasthepredicative 当不定式充当表语的时候 表示具体动作或是将来要发生的动作e g 1 mywishistobeadoctor 2 whatshewantstodoistotellyouasecret 3 hisplanistogoabroadandcontinuehisstudies theinfinitivefunctionsasthepredicative ps 动名词和不定式同样都可以充当表语 两者的区别在于不定式表达是具体或是将来发生动作 而动名词则表示抽象的一般行为 1 hisjobisdeliveringtheletterstotheirdestinations 2 myjobistolookafterthesisterwhenmomiscooking theinfinitivefunctionsastheadverbial 不定式常常作目的状语 原因状语 结果状语等 在这样的语法功能下要注意不定式的逻辑主语和句子主语一致的情况 作为目的状语时 为了强调在不定式前可以加inorder和soas inorderto可放在句首 soasto则不可以作结果状语 常有下列的一些结构so asto such asto enough to too to etc theinfinitivefunctionsastheadverbial e g 1 togetthereontime igotupearly 2 thatdaytheywereseparated nevertoseeeachotheragain 3 samwasluckytocatchthefirstbusthatmorning bareinfinitive1 1 使役动词let have make后e g a thebossmadetheemployeesworktenhoursaday b iwillletyouseemycomputertomorrow c theteacherhadherstudentsfinishtheworkwithinfiveminutes bareinfinitive1 2 感官动词see watch notice observe hear listento smell feel等后 注意 被动语态中不能省去to a isawhimdance hewasseentodance b thebossmadethemworkthewholenight theyweremadetoworkthewholenight bareinfinitive2 wouldrather hadbetter句型后e g idon tlikethefilm i dratherstayathome why whynot 句型后help后可带to 也可不带to helpsb to dosth 当有and or except but than ratherthan连接两个动词不定式的时候 第二个动词不定式常使用成不带to的动词不定式 bareinfinitive2 e g iforgottoturnoffthelightsandclosethedoorwhenileft sandydoesnotwanttostayathomebutgotothecinema wedecidedtostayathomeratherthangotothecinema aletter p9 1 tothank2 totalk3 tohave4 e e verb ingasanoun gerund reading 10 readthetextandtrytogetmoreinformationaboutv ing verb ingformscanbeusedasnounsinasentenceandfunction 1 asasubject2 asanobject3 afterprepositions4 afterpossessivepronouns5 incompoundnouns weuseverb ingafterthefollowingwords admit appreciate avoid complete consider delay deny endure enjoy escape fancy finish imagine mind miss postpone practice recall resume resist risk suggest face include stand understand forgive keep etc phrasesusedwithverb ingforms admitto prefer to beusedto leadto devoteoneselfto objectto stickto nogood nouse befondof lookforwardto beproudof bebusy can thelp betiredof becapableof beafraidof thinkof burstout keepon insiston counton setabout putoff begoodat takeup giveup besuccessfulin etc fourkindsofverbs 后接不定式作宾语的动词want hope wish plan manage refuse learn etc后接v ing形式作宾语的动词enjoy mind suggest practise imagine avoid etc fourkindsofverbs 后接不定式或是v ing为宾语的动词 但两者差别不大start begin etc后接不定式或是v ing为宾语的动词 但意思不同try remember forget regret stop goon etc finishthee mail p11 1 visiting tovisit2 chatting3 visiting4 pretending5 chatting tochat6 stop7 chatting8 todo9 pass 1 isafactthatenglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage a thereb thisc thatd it2 thefinalexaminationiscomingupsoon it stimeforusto ourstudies getdowntob getoutc getbackford getover d a 3 thechairmanthought necessarytoinviteprofessorsmithtospeakatthemeeting a thatb itc thisd him4 lastsummeritookacourseon howtomakedressesb howdressesbemadec howtobemadedressesd howdressestobemade b a 5 itissaidthatinaustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows itwhattodowithb whattodoitwithc whattodowithitd todowhatwithit c 6 sarah hurryup i mafraidyouwon thavetimeto beforetheparty a getchangedb getchangec getchangingd gettochange7 itseemsthathehasnopen towriteb towritewithc writingd writingwith a b 8 shewilltelluswhyshefeelssostronglythateachofushasarole inmakingtheearthabetterplacetolive a tohaveplayedb toplayc tobeplayedd tobeplaying9 thenewsreportershurriedtotheairport only thefilmstarshadleft totellb tobetoldc tellingd told b b 10 allthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediately intimeforchristmas inordert