虚拟语气(其它型)打印版.doc

虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法l. 虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法：在“It is +adj/过去分词/某些特定的名词+ that”这类句型里，that所引导的主语从句中的谓语动词常用 “should十动词原形”结构。如：It is important that every member （should） inform himself of these rules. 1:适用于这句型的形容词有：important，strange，amazing, astonishing, normal, essential, natural，necessary etc. 2: 接这种结构的过去分词有：decided, ordered, required, requested, demanded, suggested, etc. e.g. It is requested that all members be present at the meeting. EX: It is politely required by the managers that radios _ after 11 oclock at night. (CET-4) A: were not played B: not be played C: not to play D: did not play3：接这一结构的名词有：advice, suggestion, decision, desire, demand, request, requirement, wish, proposal, idea, order等。还有“It is a pity, it is a shame, it is no wonder 等 + that” 等结构后的主语从句中. Eg: It is my proposal that the naughty boy be sent to the boarding school. It is a pity that he should be so careless. (竟然)翻译练习：大家每天早上起床后喝一杯水这是专家给的建议2. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法 （1）在动词wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现在或过去的事实相反，或对将来的主观愿望，从句通常省略连词that.1）表示对现在情况的虚拟：从句动词用过去式或过去进行式（be动词一般用were）。如： I wish I knew the answer to the question. 我希望知道这个问题的答案。（可惜不知道）；2）表示对过去情况的虚拟：从句动词常用“had十过去分词”。如：I wish （wished） I hadnt spent so much money. 我后悔不该花那么多钱。（实际上已经花掉）；3）表示对将来的主观愿望：谓语动词形式为“would十动词原形”。此时要注意，主句的主语与从句的主语不能相同，因为主句的主语所期望的从句动作能否实现，取决于从句主语的态度或意愿（非动物名词除外）。如： I wish it would stop raining. I wish you would come soon. （2）在suggest，ask, demand，order，propose，insist，command，request，desire, decide, beg, deserve, determine, prefer, recommend等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”，表示建议、要求、命令等。结构：should + 动词原形，should 可以省略。如：I demand that he （should） answer me immediately. 我要求他立刻答复我。完成句子：1：Your silence suggested that _ (你同意我的观点). (agree)2: He suggested that _ （我带一部相机）(bring)3: The man insisted that _ (他无罪) and that _ (他应该被释放). (guilty，set)（3）在would rather, would prefer 等从句中也要使用虚拟语气。意思是“某人宁愿要另一个人干某事”。若是对现在或将来的虚拟，使用一般过去时，若是对过去的虚拟，则使用过去完成时。翻译：明天别来，我宁愿你后天来。3. 虚拟语气在表语从句/同位语从句中的用法表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气在suggestion， proposal， order， plan， idea， advice， decision等需要有内涵的名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中，要使用虚拟语气。其谓语动词应用：should原形动词。另外连接从句的that不能省略。 例：My suggestion is that we should go there at once. What do you think of his proposal that we should put on a play at the English evening?（2）虚拟语气在一些状语从句中的用法 1）在带有even if/ even though引导的让步状语从句的主从复合句中，主句和从句都用虚拟语气，动词形式与含有非真实条件句的虚拟语气相同。如：Even if he had been ill， he would have gone to his office. 即使生了病，他也去办公室。 2）由as if或as though引导的状语从句表示比较或方式时。从句谓语形式为动词的过去式（be用were）或“had十过去分词”。如：He treated me as if I were a stranger. 他那样对待我，好像我是陌生人似的。She talked about the film as if she had really seen it. 她谈论那部影片，就好像她确实看过一样。 注：如果表示的事情可能会发生，那么方式状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。 3）在in order that或so that引导的目的状语从句中，谓语动词多用 “could或might（有时也用should）+ 动词原形”。如：Mr. Green spoke slowly so that his students could （might） hear clearly. 格林先生说得很慢，好让学生听清楚。 4）if only 表示“但愿”“要是就好了”用法跟wish相同，但其情感意义比wish强。E.g.: If only he had followed your advice. If only I were taller. If only the rain would stop. （3） 虚拟语气在定语从句中的用法：在“It is time （that） ”句型中，定语从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气表示将来，动词形式一般用过去式，意思是“该干某事的时候了”。 （4） 虚拟语气在简单句中的用法 （1）情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌，或委婉的语气，常见于日常会话中。如： It would be better for you not to stay up too late. 你最好别太晚睡觉。 （2） 用“may + 动词原形”表示“祝愿”，此时may须置于句首（多用于正式文体中）。如：May you be happy！祝你快乐！May good luck be yours.祝你顺利。练习解析：1. I forget where I read the article, or I _ it to you now.A. will show B. would show C. am going to show D. am showing2. “It looks as if he were drunk.” “So it does. _.” A. Hed better give up drinking B. He shouldnt have drunk so much C. Health is more important than drink D. I wonder why he is always doing so3. “Mary looks hot and dry” “So _ you if you had so high a fever.”A. do B. are C. will D. would4. “He will come tomorrow.” “But Id rather he _ the day after tomorrow. A. will come B. is coming C. came D. had come5. All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he _ badly wounded and that he _ at once. A. should be; be operated on B. were; must be operated onC. was; should be operated D. was; be operated on6. _ smoking, he would not have got cancer in the lung. A. Was he given up B. Had he given up C. Did he give D. If he gave up虚拟语气练习题精选1. The teacher demanded that the exam _ before eleven.A. must finish B. would be finished C. be finished D. must be finished2. She made the demand that the journalists _ at once _ Iraq.A. leave; for B. leave; to C. left; to D. to be left; for3. He is talking so much about America as if he _ there.A. had been B. has been C. was D. has gone4. The young man insisted that he _ nothing wrong and _ free.A. did; set B. had done; should be set C. should do; be set D. had done; must be set5. I suggested there _ be a kind of language all could understand and use _ .A. can; it B. /; / C. would; it D. may; /6. The suggestion has been made _ the basketball game _ put off.A. for; to B. that; be C. which; should be D. to; being7. The order came that the medical supplies _ to Beijing for the SARS soon.A. would be sent B. should send C. be sent D. must be sent8. It is important that we _ wild animals.A. will protect B. should protect C. shall protect D. are protecting9. Had you listened to the doctor, you _ all right now.A. are B. were C. would be D. would have been10. _ any change about the date, please tell me immediately.A. Will there be B. Should there be C. There will be D. There should be11. _ today, he would get there by Friday.A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving C. Were he to leave D. If he leave12. Should it rain, the crops _ . A. would be saved B. would have been saved C. will be saved D. had been saved13. You _ come earlier. The bus left a moment ago.A. would B. should have C. may D. have 14. He treated me as if _ his own son.A. I am B. I would be C. I was D. I were15. I _ you some money, but I hadnt any on me then.A. would lend B. would have lent C. could lend D. may have lent16. A few minutes earlier and we _ the train.A. have caught B. had caught C. could have caught D. were to catch17. - “Have you ever been to Beijing?” - “No, but I wish I _”A. haveB. willC. doD. had18. Im glad I went over all my notes; otherwise _ .A. I may have failed B. Id fail C. Id have failed D. Ill have failed19. - “What will you do during the summer holiday?” - “I dont know, but its high time _ something.”A. Im deciding B. Ill decide C. I decided D. I decide20. What should we do if it _ tomorrow?A. should snow B. would snow C. snow D. will snow21. If only I _ my watch!A. hadnt lost B. havent lost C. didnt lost D. dont lose22. You _ such a serious mistake if you had followed his advice.A. may not make B. might not make C. shouldnt have made D. might not have made23. We _ the work on time without your help.A. hadnt had finished B. didnt have finished C. couldnt have finished D. cant have finished24. - “Where have you been?” - “I got caught in traffic; otherwise _ sooner.”A. I would be here B. I have been here C. I had been here D. I would have been here25. If it were not for the fact that you _ ill, I would ask you to do this right now.A. were B. had been C. are D. should be虚拟语气完成句子练