9AUnit4Grammar.doc

9A Unit4Grammar(2)课前自学一、When,while,as用法：(1) 若主句表示的是一个短暂性动作，从句表示的是一个持续性动作，三者都可用：He fell asleep when while, as he was reading. 他看书时睡着了。【注】as 用于引出一个持续性动词表示“在期间”时，其谓语通常只能是那些含有动作(action)和发展(development) 意味的动词，一般不能是那些不用于进行时态的动词(如 be, seem, love, want, agree, see, know, have 等)，所以下面一句中的 while 不能换为 as：A：Im going to the post office. 我要去邮局。B：While youre there, can you get me some stamps? 当你在邮局时，能帮我买几张邮票吗? (2) 若主、从句表示两个同时进行的持续性动作，且强调主句表示的动作延续到从句所指的整个时间，通常要用 while：Dont talk while youre eating. 吃饭时不要说话。I kept silent while he was writing. 在他写的时候，我默不做声。但是，若主从句表示的两个同时进行的动作含有“一边一边”之意思，通常用 as：She sang as she went along. 她边走边唱。(3) 若从句是一个短暂性动作，主句是一个持续性动作，可用 as / when 但不用 while：It was raining hard when as we arrived. 我们到达时正下着大雨。(4) 若主从句表示的是两个同时(或几乎同时)发生的短暂性动作，用 as / when：I thought of it just when as you opened your mouth. 就在你要说的时候，我也想到了。(5) 若要表示两个正在发展变化的情况，相当于汉语的“随着”，一般用 as：Things are getting better and better as time goes on. 随着时间的推移，情况越来越好。As it grew darker, it became colder. 天色越晚，天气越冷。(6) 表示“每当的时候”(暗示一种规律性)，一般要用 when：Its cold when it snows. 下雪时天冷。He smiles when you praise him. 你夸奖他时他总是笑笑。(7) 若主从句所表示的动作不是同时发生，而是有先后顺序时，一般要用 when：I will go home when he comes back. 他回来时，我就回家去。(8) when 可用作并列连词，表示“这时(突然)”；while 也可以用作并列连词，表示“而”、却”(表示对比)；但 as 则没有类似用法：We were about to start when it began to rain. 我们正要出发，这时天开始下雨了。He likes coffee, while she likes tea. 他喜欢咖啡，而她却喜欢茶。(9) as 和 when 后均可直接跟一个名词，构成省略句，但 while 一般不这样用：As When a boy, he lived in Japan. 他小时候在日本。(10) when 和 while 后可接现在分词、介词短语、形容词等构成省略句，但 as 一般不这样用：When While reading, he fell asleep. 他看书时睡着了。同步练习：1._shecamein,Istoppedeating.2.Iwilltellyou_hecomesback.3._youwereinthepostoffice,buymesomestampsplease.4._Ilivedinthecountryside,Iusedtocarrysomewaterforhim.5.Wewereabouttoleave_hecamein.6.Hewasabouttoleave,_thetelephonerang.7.Striketheiron_itishot.8._mywifewasreadingthenewspaper,IwaswatchingTV.9.Ilikeplayingfootball_youlikeplayingbasketball.10Wealwayssing_wewalk.11_weweregoingout,itbegantosnow.12_timegoeson,herhairisgettinggrey.13_springwarmsthegoodearth,allflowersbegintobloom.14Itwasraininghard_Igotthere.15MotherwasworriedbecauselittleAlicewasill,especially_fatherwasaway.16ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,_,infact,Iwastalkingaboutmydaughter.17_Ihadreadthearticle,hecalledme.18_Igottothecinema,thefilmhadbegun.19_Marywaswritingaletter,thechildrenwereplayingoutside.20_youareathomealone,pleasedontleavethedooropen.A.WhileB.AsC.BeforeD.How21_youarealonewithher,tellherthatyoulikeher.A.WhileB.AsC.AfterD.How22Theykepttrying_theymusthaveknownitwashopeless.A.ifB.becauseC.whenD.Where23 _ I was walking in the street, I suddenly heard someone calling for help.二、复习总结形容词比较级与最高级的构成，并给出不同形式的单词原级 比较级： 最高级1. _ _ _2. _ _ _3. _ _ _4. _ _ _给出五个变化不规则的形容词1. _ _ _2. _ _ _3. _ _ _4. _ _ _5. _ _ _三、看73页表格，总结副词比较级与最高级的变化规则，并能给出一些例词。原级 比较级 最高级1. _ _ _2. _ _ _3. _ _ _变化不规则副词1. _ _ _2. _ _ _3. _ _ _说明：副词比较等级的用法：1. 原级的用法肯定句中用as原级 as 的结构如，You should come as_ as you can.否定句中用not as /so+原级+ as结构如， 他做家作不如我仔细 He _ _ _ _ _ _ I.同义句： She does homework _ _ than I (降级比较) I do homework _ _ than he. 程度副词：very, quite,so, too 后跟形容词、副词的原级2.+副词比较级+ than如，John drives much _ than I(约翰开车比我小心的多) 修饰比较级的词有_ 比较级+and +比较级 结构 表越来越他学习越来越努力_She plays the piano _ _ _ _ (beautiful)瞧，雨正下的越来越大。_ the +比较级,the + 比较级 你越努力，你就学的越好_2. 最高级的用法 最高级主要用the + 副词最高级+ 比较范围最高级前的定冠词the 可以省略如， 他是班上说的最少干的最多的 He talks _ _ and does _ _ in his class.Linda 班上学习最努力_=_提示：1.含有形容词比较级，最高级的句子中，谓语动词为连系动词，而含有副词比较级，最高级的句子中，谓语动词为行为动词 2. 形容词最高级前用the 而发次最高级前the 可要可不要。课堂达标检测一、写出下列词的比较级和最高级tall _ _ small _ _ nice _ _pretty _ _ easy _ _ slim _ _big _ _ good _ _ bad _ _many _ _ much _ _ little _ _beautiful _ _ important _ _ interesting _ _二、用所给词的正确形式填空1. Who is _(thin), Daniel or Simon?2. This is _ (wet) summer in the past five years of Nanjing.3. Leo plays basketball _(good) than Frank.4. He can run as _(fast) as you.5. Im too tired and I cant go any _ (far).6. Kitty studies_(hard) than any other student in her class.7. Among the four programmes, I watch the first one _(regular).8. He likes football _(well) of all the students in his class.9. She sang even _(bad) than usual.10. Mother asked her son to walk a bit _(fast) .11.Anna is (slim) of the two.12. Who do you think can jump _(high) in your class?13. Please send u