国际贸易实务术语.doc

International Trade Practices1. terms translation.Acceptance letter of credit 承兑信用证Accepting bank 承兑银行Accommodation note 通融票据，欠单Account party 开证申请人Accounts payable应付账款Accounts receivable应收账款Acquisition收购Act of God 不可抗力Advising bank 通知银行After sight 见票后Agent bank 代理银行Air waybill 空运单，货运提单Antidumping duties 反倾销关税Applicant 开证申请人All risks 一切险At sight 即期，见票即付Additional risks coverage 附加险Avoidance of contract 撤销合同Back order 延期交货Balance of trade 贸易平衡，贸易差额Bank draft 银行汇票Bank guarantee 银行担保Bank note 银行本票Barter 易货贸易Beneficiary 受益人Blank endorsement 空白背书Bid bond 投标押金Bill of exchange 汇票Bid opening 开标Break-even pricing 损益两平定价法Bill of lading 提单Bulk cargo 散装货Call money 活期借款Captain/s protest 海损异议书，海难证明书Carrier 承运人Compensation trade 补偿贸易Cash against documents(CAD)凭单付款Certificate of weight 重量证书CFR 成本加运费Chartered ship 租轮CIP 运费和保险费付至Clause of shipment 装运条款Claim 索赔，债券Clean bill of lading 清洁提单Clearance 清关Collecting bank 托收银行Combined transport 联运Commercial invoice 商业发票Charter party 租船合同Commission 佣金Confirming bank 保兑银行Consignee 收货人Constructive total loss 推定全损Consignment 寄售Conditioned weight 公量Consular invoice 领事发票Customs 海关County of origin原产国Counter sample 回样DAF 边境交货Date of issue 开证日DDP 完税后交货DDU 未完税后交货Deferred payment LC 延期付款信用证Delivery order 提货单Demurrage 滞期费Discounting 贴现Dishonor 拒付，退票D/P 付款交单D/A 承兑交单ETA预计抵达日ETD 预计离港日Expiry date 到期日FAS 船边交货FOB 船上交货FPA 平安险Fortuitous accidents 意外事故Force majeure 不可抗力Free in and out 船方不负责装卸费用GATT 关贸总协定General average 共同海损GSP 普惠制Gross weight 总量Hard currency 硬通货币Heavy lift charge 超重费Honor 承兑Import duty 进口关税Insured amount 投保金额Letter of credit 信用证Lighter aboard ship 子母船Insurable interest 可保利益原则Liner terms 班轮条件Marginal cost 边际成本Money of account 计价货币Money of payment 支付货币More or less 溢短装Notify party 受通知人Net weight 净重Offer 报价，发盘Offset 抵偿贸易，对冲贸易Open account 赊销Packing list 装箱单Principle of indemnity 补偿原则Particular average 单独海损Payment in advance 预付Quality tolerance 质量公差Remittance 汇付，付款 Recourse 追索Soft currency 软货币Standby L/C 备用信用证Symbolic delivery 象征性交货Sue and labor expenses 施救费用Shipping advice 发货通知Straight B/L 记名提单Trade terms 贸易术语Trade show 贸易展Telegraphic transfer 电汇Theoretical weight 理论重量Tramp steamer 不定期货船Trust receipt 信托收据Usance 远期汇票期限Value added tax 增值税War risk 战争险2. terms explanation.Bank guarantee: Contract between a bank as guarantor and a beneficiary in which the bank commits itself to pay a certain sum under certain, specified conditions. Thus, a demand guarantee is one in which the bank agrees to pay against the simple written demand of the beneficiary.Barter: The direct exchange of goods and/or services for other goods and/or services without the use of money and without the involvement of a third party. Barter is an important means of trade with countries using currency that is not readily convertible.Bill of Exchange : A negotiable instrument that represents an unconditional demand for payment. Together with the Bill of Lading it forms the basis for the documentary collection procedures and together with the exporters commercial invoice it can be used to charge the importer for the goods. Defined by the Bill of Exchange Act as: An unconditional order in writing, addressed by one person to another, signed by the person giving it requiring the person to whom it is addressed to pay on demand, or at a fixed or determinable future time, a sum certain in money to or to the order of a specified person, or to a bearer.B/L: A document issued when goods are entrusted to a shipping company for carriage. It can serve as a formal receipt for the goods by the ship owner, a memorandum of the contract of carriage, and documentary evidence of control over the goods. The holder or consignee of the bill has the right to claim delivery of the goods from the shipping company when they arrive atthe port of destination. Clean bill of lading： A bill of lading indicating that the goods were received in apparent good order and condition. A clean bill is one which contains no notations of defect, damage or loss, and is signed by the carrier or its authorized representative. Note that a clean bill does not have to have any positive affirmation or mention to the effect.Collecting bank : In a documentary collection, the bank acting as an agent for the sellers bank in collecting payment or acceptance of a time draft from the buyer to be forwarded to the sellers bank (the remitting bank).Correspondent bank: A bank which performs certain operations on behalf of another bank, usually in a different country. Correspondent banks hold deposits with each other, and accept and collect items on a reciprocal basis. It is through networks of correspondent banks that trade banks are able to service and support international business transactions.Demand draft : A bill of exchange payable at sight or on demand.Demurrage: The extra charges paid to a ship owner or carrier when a specified period for loading/unloading is exceeded. The demurrage may, depending on the context, be paid by the charterer or shipper.Discrepancy: Documentary credit context: a discrepancy arises when documents presented under a documentary credit do not conform to the terms of the credit; generally, an error, contradiction or omission related to the documents constitutes the discrepancy. The bank refuses to pay against the documents unless the applicant (buyer) agrees to amend the credit or otherwise waive objections to payment under the credit.Dispatch money (also, despatch): An incentive payment offered by a ship owner to a charterer in exchange for completing loading or unloading in less time than is specified in the charter party contract (this time is often calculated as a number of lay days).Documents against acceptance(D/A ) :The documents transferring title to goods are delivered to the buyer (drawee) only upon the buyers acceptance of the attached draft guaranteeing payment at a later date.Documents against Payment (D/P) : In the case of a sight draft, the documents transferring title to goods are released to the buyer/importer only against cash payment.Force majeure : A clause which protects the parties to a contract in the event that a part of the contract cannot be performed due to causes which are outside the control of the parties and could not be avoided by exercise of due care. These causes may be earthquakes, floods, storms or war.Forfaiting : The purchase by the forfaiter of an exporters accounts receivable which are based on negotiable instruments such as bills of exchange and promissory notes. In contrast to factoring, forfaiting involves a series of independent, medium to longer term obligations of higher value. Since the forfeiter purchases the bills on a non-recourse basis, they assume both commercial and political risk.Neutral packing: It is the one that makes no mention at all of the name of the country producing the goods and the name of the manufacturer on the commodity and on the outer and inner packages.Open account: This is a method of settling payment for trade transactions. The supplier ships required goods to the buyer who, after receiving and checking the related shipping documents, credits the suppliers account in their books with the invoice amount.Open policy: A type of insurance policy intended to cover an indefinite number of future individual shipments. The insurance contract remains in force until cancelled. Under the open policy, individual successive shipments are periodically reported or declared to the insurer and automatically covered on or after the inception date.Order bill of lading: A negotiable bill of lading, which is made out to, or to the