高中英语搭配词典B素材.doc

2015年高中英语搭配词典bbback1. at the back of(1) 在的后面(范围之外)”。如：there is a little garden at the back of the house. 房屋后有个小花园。we planted some trees at the back of the school. 我们在学校后面种了些树。注：用于此义时，相当于 behind。(2) 在的后部(范围之内)”。如：there is a little room at the back of the house. 房屋后部有个小房间。the index is at the back of the book. 索引在书末尾。注：用于此义时，不能用 behind 换。(3) 用于引申义。如：someone must be at the back of this. 这事一定有人在背后捣鬼。2. in the back of 在后部。如：he sat in at the back of the car. 他坐在小汽车后部。注：在美国英语中有时可只用 (in) back of 来表示以上意思。如：my home lies (in) back of the school. 我家就在学校后面。3. on ones back 在背上，仰着身子。如：the little boy had a big schoolbag on his back. 这个小男孩背上背着一个大书包。they lay on their backs and gazed at the sky. 他们仰着身子躺着，眼睛望着天空。bad1. be bad at 不善于。如：im bad at maths. 我数学学得很差。he is bad at playing tennis. 他网球打得不好。2. be bad for 对不好。如：too much salt can be bad for you. 吃太多的盐对你不好。smoking is bad for you (your health). 抽烟对你(你的身体)有害。3. go from bad to worse 变得越来越糟，每况愈下。如：his business is going from bad to worse. 他的生意每况愈下。were hoping for an improvement but things have gone from bad to worse. 我们希望有所改善，但情况却变得越来越糟。base1. base sth on upon sth 一事物以另一事物为基础(前提等)。如：he always bases his opinions on facts. 他的意见一向以事实为依据。you should base your conclusion upon careful research. 你下的结论应该以仔细的研究为基础。注：有时用于被动语态。如：this story is based on facts. 这个故事是有事实依据的。bear1. cant bear doing to do sth 不能忍受做某事。如：i cant bear living to live alone. 一个人独居我受不了。he cant bear travelling to travel by sea. 他坐不了海船。注：有时其后不定式或动名词可以带有逻辑主语。如：i cant bear him to marry her. 我不能容忍他与她结婚。he cant bear people smoking while hes eating. 他在吃饭时不能容忍别人抽烟。2. be born 出生。如：i was born in 1962. 我生于1962年。he was born of a wealthy family. 他出身富门。because1. because of 因为。如：he lost his job because of his age. 由于年龄关系他失去了他的工作。he left the company because of what the boss said at the meeting. 他离开了这家公司，是因为老板在会上讲的话。注：because of 之后可接 what 从句，但不能接 that从句或没有引导词的句子。如：他因病未来。误：he didnt come because of he was ill. 误：he didnt come because of that he was ill. 正：he didnt come because he was ill. 正：he didnt come because of his illness. 2. just because 只因为，就因为，虽然但。如：just because i dont complain, people think im satisfied. 只是我没有发牢骚，人们就认为我心满意足了。just because they make more money than i do they think theyre superior. 就因为他们挣钱比我多，他们就认为他们在高人一等。注：有时可引出一个名词性从句。如：just because im married doesnt mean that i dont want to see my old friends anymore. 虽然我结婚了，但这并不意味着我就不再想见老朋友了。become 1. what becomes of sb (sth)? 某人或某物后来变成怎样。如：what became of him? 他后来怎样了? tell us what became of the missing ship. 告诉我们这只失踪的船后来怎样了。bed1. go to bed 上床睡觉。如：he goes to bed at nine. 他九点上床睡觉。he didnt go to bed until his wife came back. 直到他妻子回来他才睡觉。比较 go to bed(上床睡觉)与 go to the bed(到床边去)。如：he went to bed at 10 last night. 他昨晚10点钟上床睡觉。he went to the bed and found a letter on it. 他走到床边，发现上面放着一封信。2. in bed 在床上(睡觉)。如：he is still in bed. 他还在睡觉。hes sick in bed with a cold. 他因感冒而卧床。注：该结构中通常不用冠词或其他限定词。3. make the bed 铺床。如：make the bed whenever you are up. 起床就要铺床。注：make ones (own) bed, 意为“自食其果”。如：as you make your own bed, so you must lie on it. 你是自作自受。4. on a (the) bed 在床上。如：there is a red box on the bed. 床上有个红色的盒子。注：该结构通常应有冠词或其他限定词，有时它与 in bed 大致同义，只是搭配不同而已。如：躺在床上看书是个坏习惯。正：it is a bad habit to read in bed. 正：it is a bad habit to read on a the bed. 4. put sb to bed 安顿某人上床睡觉。如：ill just put the children to bed. 我就安顿孩子们去睡觉。before 1. before long 不久，很快。如：ill be back before long. 不久我就回来。before long he got married. 不久他就结婚了。2. long before(1) 老早，早就(单独使用，表示比过去某时早得多的时间)。如：she had left long before. 她老早就离开了。that had happened long before. 那事老早就发生了。注：long ago 表示“很久以前”，指的是从现在算起的很久以前，通常与一般过去时连用：i met him long ago. 我很久以前就认识他了。(2) 在的很久以前，在还没有的很久以前。如：she had left long before his return he returned. 在他回来的很久以前她就走了。he had worked in the factory long before he got married. 在他还没有结婚的很久以前他就在这家工厂工作了。注：此时的主句谓语通常用过去完成时，但有时也可用一般过去时(因为 before 已体现了动作的先后关系)。如：this happened long before you were born. 这事在你还没出生以前很久就发生了。3. it is was, will be long before在前需要很久。如：it was long before he came back. 过了好久他才回来。it wont be long before we see each other. 不久我们又会见面的。比较：it wasnt long before he realized his mistake. / before long he realized his mistake. 不久他意识到了自己的错误。4. before one knows it (某事)很快就会发生。如：ten years passed before we knew it. 十年很快就过去了。wed better set off or it will be dark before we know it. 我们最好动身了，不然天很快就会黑了。begin1. begin to do sth 开始做某事。如：soon it began to rain. 不久天就开始下雨了。he sat down at the desk and began to write. 他在桌子前坐下就开始写了起来。2. began doing sth 开始做某事。如：he began doing this job last year. 他去年开始做这工作。he began teaching english at the age of 18. 他18岁开始教英语。注：以上两类结构有时可互换，而意思不变。如：then he began telling to tell us a story. 然后他开始给我们讲故事。两类结构能互换的场合主要限于那些有意志的动词，而对于那些无意志的动词(如那些表示感觉或心理活动的动词以及主语是无生命的东西时)，通常用不定式，很少用动名词。如：the ice began to melt. 冰开始融化。i began to understand this situation. 我开始了解情况。另外若 begin 本身为 -ing 形式，其后通常也接不定式。如：im beginning to feel better, thank you. 我渐渐感到好些了，谢谢你。不过，若主语是指天气的 it, 其后可接不定式或动名词。如：it began raining to rain. 开始下雨了。3. begin with sth by doing sth 以做某事开始。如：knowledge begins with practice. 知识始于实践。he began by telling us a story. 他先给我讲了个故事。注：有时 begin 后可以有宾语。如：he began his talk with an apology. 他开始讲话时先作了一番道歉。4. to begin with 首先，在开始。如：we cant go. to begin with, its too cold. besides, weve no money. 我们不去了，首先是太冷了， 另外我们又没有钱。the factory was quite a small one to begin with. 这家工厂开始是一家很小的厂。beginning1. at in the beginning 起初，在开始时。如：he disliked it at in the beginning. 他开始时不喜欢它。in at the beginning i lived next to her. 开始我住在她隔壁。2. at the beginning of 在之初，在开始时。如：she left here at the beginning of this month. 她是本月初离开这儿的。youll find this sentence at the beginning of this chapter. 你会在这一章的开头找到这个句子。注：有时也用介词 in, 但不如用介词 at 普通。如：it happened at in the beginning of this century. 此事发生在本世纪之初。3. from the beginning 从开始，从一开始。如：recite the poem from the beginning. 从头开始背诵这首诗。i was opposed to the plan from the beginning. 我从一开始就反对这个计划。4. from beginning to end 从头至尾。如：he knows the subject from beginning to end. 这个专题他了如指掌。the whole story is a lie from beginning to end. 整篇报道是彻头彻尾的谎言。behind1. be behind with in 拖欠，拖延，不能如期完成。如：he is never behind with in his work. 他工作从不拖拉。he was behind in with his rent. 他拖欠了房租。he helped a classmate who was behind with his homework. 他帮助一位没有按时完成作业的同班同学。2. be behind in doing sth 做某事不落在后面。如：the boy is behind in handing in homework. 这孩子没能按时交家庭作业。he was never behind in offering suggestions. 他提建议从来不落在别人后面。3. from behind 从后面。如：he held her from behind. 他从后面抱住她。they attacked us from behind. 他们从后面攻击我们。注：有时 behind 是介词，其后可接宾语。如：he came out from behind the door. 他从门后出来。4. fall drop behind 落在后面。如：ive fallen behind in work. 我工作落后了。some students dropped behind in their studies. 有的学生在学习上落在后面。5. leave sth behind (某人)走后留下(掉下)某物。如： / 8)what have we left behind? 我们走后留下什么了? he left his umbrella behind. 他离开时没有把雨伞带走。6. stay remain behind 留下，在别人后面留下。如：he alone remained behind. 只有他一个人留下没走。i had to stay behind after school. 放学后我还得留在学校。being1. bring sth into being 使某事物产生或发生。如：what brought this into being? 是什么使它发生的? 注：有时可用被动语态。如：a committee was called into being to discover the causes of the accident. 为了调查事故原因，成立了一个委员会。2. come into being 发生，产生，诞生，成立。如：when did the world come into being? 世界是何时开始的? the may 4th movement came into being at the call of the october revolution. 五四运动是在十月革命的号召下发生的。注：come into being 是不及物动词，所以不要误用被动语态。3. for the time being 暂时，目前，当前。如：all is well, for the time being. 眼下一切顺利。lets do it just for the time being. 让我们只是暂时做一下这件事。believe1. believe in sb sth 相信或信任某人或某物。如：(1) 信仰(宗教或神等)。如：he believes in god. 他信仰上帝。(2) 相信的存在。如：do you believe in ghosts? 你相信有鬼吗? (3) 信任，信赖。如：nobody believes in him. 没有人信任他。 比较：i can believe him, but i can not believe in him. 我相信他说的话是真的，但是不相信他的为人。(4) 相信的真实性。如：do you believe in everything the bible says? 你相信圣经中的每句话? 2. believe in doing sth 相信做某事有好处。如：he believes in getting plenty of exercise. 他相信多做运动必有好处。they believe in letting children make their own mistakes. 他们相信让孩子们自己出错有好处。3. believe it or not 信不信由你。如：believe it or not, they got married soon. 信不信由你，他们不久就结婚了。believe it or not, hes given me a loan. 信不信由你，他已把钱借给我。belong1. belong to (1) 属于(某人所有)。如：does this book belong to you? 这本书是你的吗? the house belongs to my grandfather. 这房子是我祖父的。(2) 是的成员。如：what party do you belong to? 你是属于哪个党派的? do you belong to the tennis club? 你是网球俱乐部的吗? benefit1. benefit by from 受益于。如：people who stole did not benefit from byill-gotten gains. 窃贼们并未从不义之财中得到好处。will the ads patients benefit from by the new drug? 这种药对艾滋病人有效吗? 2. benefit sb (sth) 对某人或某物有益，使某人或某物受益。如：sea air will benefit you. 海风将对你有益。what he said benefited all the students. 他说的话使所有的学生受了益。3. be of benefit 有益处。如：this dictionary is of great benefit to students. 这本词典对学生很有益处。that experience was of great benefit to me. 那次经历对我很有益。4. for the benefit of 为了的利益或好处。如：ive done it for her benefit. 我做此事是为了她的利益。he gave up smoking for the benefit of his health. 他戒烟是为了对健康有益。5. have the benefit of 得益于，占的光。如：he had the benefit of a good education. 他得益于良好的教育。 bend1. bend to before sb (sth) 向某人或某事屈服。如：we wont bend to before anyone. 我们不会向任何人屈服。he didnt want to bend to fate. 他不愿向命运低头。2. bendto 专心于，致力于。如：he bent his mind himself to his new job. 他专心于他新的工作。3. be bent on (doing) sth 决心采取某行动，专心于做某事。如：he is bent on his work. 他专心于工作。he is bent on winning at all costs. 他决心不惜一切代价去争取胜利。beside1. beside oneself with sth得要命，非常。如：she was beside herself with joy. 他欣喜若狂。he was beside himself with toothache. 他牙痛得要命。best1. at (the) best至多，充其量，就最乐观的一面来看。如：life is short at best. 生命再长也是短暂的。at best a few hundred people attended the meeting. 充其量只有几百人参加了会议。we cant arrive before friday at best. 我们无论如何也无法在星期五以前赶到。2. do try ones best 尽力， 竭尽全力。如：as long as you do your best, well be happy. 只要你尽力，我们就满意了。it doesnt matter if you dont win-just try your best. 赢不了也没关系，只要努力即可。注：其后有时可接不定式。如：we did our best to help them. 我们尽力帮了他们。3. had best 最好，应该。如：you had best stay here. 你最好呆在这儿。i think we had best sell it. 我想我们还是把它卖掉的好。注：had best 与 had better 同义。4. its best for sb to do sth 某人最好去做某事。如：its best for us to start early. 我们最好早点出发。its best for you to buy a dictionary. 你最好买台电脑。5. make the best of 充分利用，尽量往好处做，将就用。如：we must make the best of the fine weather. 我们必须要充分利用这好天气。the only thing to do now is to make the best of things. 现在唯一的办法就是随遇而安。better1. be better off 更富裕，生活更好。如：we are much better off now. 我们现在的生活好多了。todays pensioners are better off than they used to be. 现在靠养老金生活的人比他们原来生活要更好些。注：有时后接 without, 意为：没有生活反而更好。如：wed be better off without them as neighbours. 要是没有他们这样的邻居，我们就会过得更愉快了。2. be better off (doing sth) 最好做某事，做某事很明智。如：he was better off giving her some flowers. 他给她送花，那是明智之举。hed be better off going to the police about it. 他最好把这件事报告警方。3. get the better of 占上风，打赢，制服，克服。如：ill get the better of him some day. 我总有一天要打赢他。he tried to get the better of his sleepiness. 他试图克服自己的睡意。4. had better 最好，应该。如：youd better go home now. 你最好现在回家去。wed better not tell her about it. 我们最好不要把这事告诉他。注：had better 的否定式通常是在 better 后加 not。5. its better for sb to do sth 某人最好做某事。如：its better for you to sell the car. 你最好把汽车卖了。its better for you to keep silent. 你最好什么也别说。between1. between.and.(1) 在之间。如：ill phone you between lunch and three oclock. 我将在午餐后三点钟以前给你打电话。he felt something between laughter and anger. 他既觉得好笑，又感到气愤。(2) 由于和(表示原因)。如：between the noise outside and lack of sleep, he couldntconcentrate. 由于外面的噪音加上睡眠不足，他无法专心。注：between.and 不仅可连接两者，也可连接三者。如：luxemburg lies between france, germany and belgium. 卢森堡位于法国、德国和比利时之间。between cooking, writing and running the farm he was kept very busy. 他又是做饭，又是写作，还要打理农场，忙得不可开交。2. between ourselves you and me 仅你我知道的秘密。如：between ourselves, i dont think he will live much longer. 咱们私下说说，他活不久了。between you and me, hes not very reliable. 这是只有你我之间才说，他不是很可靠。3. in between 在之间。如：there are trees in between the buildings. 大楼之间有树。its somewhere in between new york and chicago. 它位于在纽约和芝加哥之间的某个地方。注：有时可用作副词(即其后不接词)。如：he has breakfast and supper and doesnt eat anything in between. 他只吃早餐和晚餐，其间什么也不吃。以上各用法中的介词 in 有时也可省略，而只用 between。beyond1. be beyond sb 因为太难而超出某人的能力。如：the book is beyond the boy. 这本书这个孩子读不懂。if it is beyond jack, it is certainly beyond me. 如果杰克都不懂，我就更不懂了。how people design computer games is beyond me. 我不明白电脑游戏是怎样设计的。birth1. at birth 在出生时。如：he weighed eight pounds at birth. 他出生时重8磅。2. by birth 出生，血统；天生，生来。如：hes french by birth. 他是法国血统。shes an actor by birth. 她是天生的演员。2. give birth (to) 生(孩子)。如：here nobody gives birth at home. 这里没人在家里生孩子(指皆入产院)。she gave birth to a fine healthy girl. 她生下一个健康可爱的女孩。birthday1. happy birthday 生日快乐。如：a：happy birthday (to you). (祝你)生日快乐。b：thank you. 谢谢。2. many happy returns of the day. 祝你长寿。如：happy birthday and many happy returns of the day. 生日快乐，健康长寿。bit1. a bit 有点儿，一点儿，相当。如：the coat costs a bit too much. 这外套太贵了一点。i tried to encourage him a bit. 我设法给了他一点鼓励。she is a bit like my sister. 她有点像我姐姐。注：a bit 可用于修饰形容词、副词、动词、介词短语等。在肯定句中它与 a little 大致同义。如：hes feeling a bit a little better. 他感觉好些了。但是在否定句中，a bit 与 a little 区别很大。如：im not a bit tired. 我一点也不累。im not a little tired. 我很累。2. a bit of (1) 一点儿，有点儿。如：he knows a bit of russian. 他懂点儿法语。shes just out to do a bit of shopping. 她刚刚出去买点儿东西。(2) 有点儿像，多少有几分。如：he is a bit of a poet. 他多少有点儿像诗人。he is a bit of a coward. 他多少有几分怯懦。(3) 微不足道的。如：were having a bit of a party next week. 下个星期我们准备请几个客人小聚一次。(4) 相当数量的，相当规模的，有一定困难的。如：the humor of it takes a bit of finding. 这其中的幽默非仔细体会不可。this new system takes a bit of getting used to. 这个新的制度要(人们)适应有一定困难。3. bit by bit 一点一点地，逐渐地。如：bit by bit they accepted the idea. 他们慢慢地接受了这一想法。he saved money bit by bit until he had enough to buy a car. 他一点一点地攒钱直到他能买一辆汽车。注：有时也说 by bits。blame1. blame sb (sth) for sth (1) 因为某事而责备某人。如：he blamed me for negligence. 他责备我粗心大意。i dont blame you for doing that. 我不责备你做了那事。(2) 把某事的责任归咎于某人。如：he blamed his teacher for his failure. 他把自己的失败归罪于他的老师。2. blame sth on sb (sth) 把某事的责任归咎于某人。如：the driver blamed the accident on the cyclist. 司机把事故的责任归咎于骑自行车的人。注：以上两类结构有时可互换，注意词序不同。如：he blamed the failure on me. / he blamed me for the failure. 他把失败归咎于我。3. be to blame for (doing) sth 对(做)某事应负责任。如：you are not to blame for what happened. 对所发生的事不应该由你负责。which driver was to blame for the accident? 那个司机应该对事故负责? who is to blame for starting the fire? 火灾的引起应该由谁来负责? 4. put lay the blame (for sth) on sb (把某事)归咎于某人。如：he put laid all the blame on me. 他把一切都归咎于我。the judge put laid the blame for the accident on the driver of the car. 法官把事故的责任归咎于汽车司机。blind1. be blind in (眼睛)失明。如：he is blind in both eyes. 他双目失明。2. be blind to sth 对某事视而不见或一无所知。he is completely blind to her faults. 他一点儿也觉察不到她的错误。he was blind to all arguments. 和他有理讲不通。3. the blind 瞎子，盲人。如：in that country the blind have special jobs. 在那个国家瞎子有特别的职业。4. turn a blind eye to sth 假装没看见。如：the boss sometimes turns a blind eye to smoking in the office. 老板有时对在办公室抽烟假装没看见。board1. on board 在船(车，火车)上。如：have the passengers gone on board? 旅客都已上船(飞机)了吗? as soon as im on board, i always feel sick. 我一上船就想呕。注：on board 可直接用作介词， 其后可直接跟表示车、船、飞机的名词。如：he went on board the train just now. 他刚上火车。mr smith is on board one of those ships. 史密斯先生在其中的一条船上。there were ten people on board the plane. 当时飞机上有十个人。boat1. by boat 乘船。如：we crossed the river by boat. 我们乘船过河。注：by boat 有时可用 in a boat 代之。2. go boating 去划船。如：we go boating on the lake every weekend. 每个周末我们都到湖里去划船。3. be in the same boat 处于同样(不利的)境况， 同舟共济。如：if you lose your job, ill lose mine, so were in the same boat. 如果你失业，我也会失业，所以我们同舟共济。body1. body and soul 全心全意地，完完全全地。如：he loves her body and soul. 他真心实意爱她。he does his work body and soul. 他全心全意地工作。2. in a body 全体，全部，整个。如：they walked out in a body. 他们全体退席。the villagers came to the meeting in a body. 村民们一齐来参加了会议。borrow1. borrow sth from sb 向某人借某物。如：he never borrows anything from anybody. 他从不向任何人借任何东西。注：该结构中的介词 from 有时也用 of 代之，但不如用前者常用。如：he wants to borrow some money from of her. 他想向她借点钱。2. borrow trouble 自找麻烦，杞人忧天，庸人自忧。如：dont borrow trouble by worrying about next year. 不要担心来年的事而庸人自忧。both1. both.and. 不但而且，既又。如：he speaks both english and french. 他既说英语也说法语。he can both speak and write japanese. 他既能说日语也能写日语。both brother and sister are college students. 兄妹俩都是大学生。注：both.and.作为并列连词，通常连接两个相同的句子成分。2. both of 两者。如：both of us want to read the book. 我们俩都想读这本书。both of the brothers are clever. 两兄弟都很聪明。注：both of 后接名词时，该名词必须带有 the, ones, these等限定词。如：正：both of the (my, these) children误：both of childrenbother1. bother to do sth 费心做某事。如：you neednt bother to come up. 你不必费心来了。dont bother to get dinner for me. 请不必费事为我做饭了。注：该结构也可用 bother (about) doing sth 表示。如以上两句也可说成：you neednt bother (about) coming up. dont bother (about) getting dinner for me. 2. bother oneself to do sth 费心做某事。如：dont bother yourself to answer the letter. 请不必回复此信。注：该结构也可用 bother oneself (about) doing sth 表示。如上面一句也可说成：dont bother yourself (about) answering the letter. 3. bother sb to do sth 麻烦某人做某事。如：hes always bothering me to lend him money. 他老是闹着要我借钱给他。dont bother him to do it for you. 别去麻烦他去为你做这事。4. bother with about sb (sth)关心某人(某事物)，为某人或某事费心或焦急。如： / 21 / 7)they didnt bother about with that. 他们对那件事并不感到焦急。he never bother about with his children. 他从不关心他的孩子。5. bother sb with about sth 用某事麻烦某人。如：dont bother him with about it now; hes very