高中英语搭配词典H素材.doc

2015年高中英语搭配词典hhhalf1. by half (1) 一半。如：they cut down the expenditure by half. 他们把开支减少了一半。(2) 极大地，大大地。如：hes the better singer by half. 他是一位高明得多的歌手。2. by halves 半途而废地，不完全地。如：never do things by halves. 做事绝不能半途而废。3. half and half 各半地，等量地，一样一半地。如：a：is it made of milk or water? 是用牛奶做的还是用水做的? b：half and half. 各一半。a：are you sorry for her? 你为她难过吗? b：half and half. 既难过也不难过。4. half of 一半。如：half of the fruit was bad. 有一半水果坏了。half of 50 is 25. 50的一半是25。i only know half of them. 我只认识他们当中的一半人。5. in half 两半。如 ：d21cut it in half. 把它分成两半。the party is likely to split in half. 该党可能分为两派。6. not half (1) 毫不，一点也不(主要修饰 bad, badly 等)。如：the foods not half bad. 这道菜相当好吃。(2) 很，非常。如：i dont half like it. 我非常喜欢它。a：was he worried? 他着急吗? b：not half. 很急。7. one and a half 一个半。如：one and a half hours later he was still waiting. 一个半小时后他还在等。one and a half months have passed. 已经过去了一个半月。注：以上各句也可说成：an hour and a half later he was still waiting. a month and a half has passed. )hand1. at hand(1) 在手边，在近处。如：he lives close at hand. 他就住在附近。i always keep a dictionary (ready) at hand. 我经常把字典放在手边。(2) 即将到来。如：the examinations are near at hand. 考试即将来临。2. by hand (1) 用手工(即不是用机器或其它手段)。如：the letter was written by hand. 这封信是用手写的(即不是打印的)。my shoes were made by hand. 我的鞋是手工做的(即不是机器做的)。(2) 用专人(即不是通常邮寄等)。如：did the letter come by hand or through the post? 这封信是专人送来的还是邮寄来的? 3. give lend sb a hand 帮某人一把。如：its really heavy-can you give lend me a hand? 这东西确实很重，能帮一下忙吗? 4. hand in hand (1) 手拉手。如：they walked down the street hand in hand. 他们手拉手沿街道走去。(2) 同时并存。如：war and suffering go in hand and hand. 战争与苦难是同时并存的。5. in hand (1) 手头有。如：i still have some money in hand. 我手头还有些钱。(2) 控制，处理，进行。如： / 8)the work is in hand and will soon be completed. 工作正在进行中，不久就可完成。give them a call and let them know we have the matter in hand. 给他们打个电话，告诉他们我们已控制了局势。6. on hand 在手边(随时可用)。如：i still have some money on hand. 我手头还有些钱。she always has her dictionary on hand when she studies. 他学习时总是把词典放在手边。注：这样用的 on 有时与 at hand 或 in hand 同义。7. on the one (other) hand 一方面(另一方面)。如：on the one hand this job doesnt pay very much, but on the other (hand) i cant get another one. 从一方面来说这份工作工资不高，但另一方面我又找不到另外的工作。8. hands up 举手，举起手来。如：hands up, those who know the answer. 知道答案的请举手。hands up and drop your arm. 举起手来，把枪放下。注：有时也用其他表达。如：put up your hand(s) if you have any questions. 有问题请举手。9. with ones hand(s) 用手(即不是用口，用脚，用眼睛等)。如：we work with our hands. 我们用手工作。he stroke the child with his hand. 他用手打这个小孩。10. hand sb sth / hand sth to sb 把某物递给某人。如：hand me the key, please. 请把钥匙递给我。he handed her a letter. 他交给她一封信。please hand me the dictionary. / please hand the dictionary to me. 请把字典递给我。11. hand in 交来，交上去(给老师或上级)。如：hand in your examination papers now, please. 现在请把考卷交上来。someone handed this parcel in this morning. 今天早上一个人把这个包交了上来。12. hand on 传递给另一个人。如：please read this notice and hand it on. 本通知看后请传阅。please hand on the magazine to your friends. 请把这本杂志传给你的朋友看。13. hand out 散发，分发。如：the teacher handed out the examination papers. 老师分发试卷。will you help me to hand out the leaflets at the meeting? 请你在会上帮我把这些传单发给大家好吗? 14. hand over 移交，拿给(另一人)。如：he has handed over his business to his son. 他已把他的生意移交给他儿子。the thief was handed over to the police. 这个小偷已经送交派出所了。15. shake hands (with sb) (同某人)握手。如：they shook hands and entered the hall. 他们握了手然后就进了大厅。he shook hands warmly with me. 他同我热情握手。注：有时也说 shake ones hand。如：he shook my hand warmly. 他同我热情握手。happen1. as it happens 偶然，碰巧。如：as it happens, i have my notebook with me. 碰巧我带着笔记本。i saw him in the street yesterday, as it happens. 我昨天碰巧在街上见到了他。注：该结构可用于现在或过去。2. happen on upon 巧遇，偶然发现。如：i happened upon her in the street the other day. 几天前我在街上碰巧遇见了她。he happened on the book in the bookstore. 他在书店偶然发现了这本书。3. happen to sb (sth) 发生在某人(某事物)身上。如：what happend to you the radio? 你收音机怎么样了? if anything happens to him, let me know. 如果他发生什么意外，就请告诉我。4. it (so, just) happened that-clause 碰巧发生某事。如：it (so) happened that she was out when he called. 他打电话时，她碰巧不在家。it (just) happened that he had read the book. 他碰巧读过那本书。注：该句型可与 happen to do sth互换，如以上各句也可说成:she happened to be out when he called. he happened to have read the book. happy1. be happy at about, over sth 因(对)某事感到高兴。如：he is happy about his promotion. 他得到提升，感到很高兴。we are happy at about his letter. 收到他的来信我们很高he is happy over his success. 他对自己的成功感到高兴。2. be happy for sb 为某人感到高兴。如：we were happy for him when we heard he passed the exam. 我们听说他考试通过了，我们都为他高兴。3. be happy to do sth 很高兴(愿意)做某事。如：im very happy to help you. 我很乐意帮助你。ill be happy to meet when i have time. 我有空时会乐于与他见面。 4. be happy with in sth 对某事满意。如：are you happy with your life? 你对生活满意吗? he is happy in his work. 他对工作感到满意。hard1. be hard on sb (sth)(1) 对某人很严厉或苛刻。如：dont be hard on him - hes too young. 别对他太严了，他还小。(2) (衣鞋等)容易磨破。如：children are very hard on their shoes. 小孩子穿鞋很容易破。2. its hard (for sb) to do sth 做某事很难。如：its hard to do the work. 做这工作很难。it is hard for him to make up his mind. 他很难下定决心。its hard to for us to know what hes thinking. 我们很难知道他在想什么。3. sth is hard to do 某事很难做。如：the text is hard to understand. 这篇课文很难懂。注：这类结构的主语通常就是其后不定式的逻辑宾语，且此时该不定式用主动式而不用被动式。如：误：the text is hard to be understood. 另外，有时可能用人作主语，但此时该主语仍然应是其后不定式的逻辑宾语。如：he is hard to please. 很难讨他欢心。hardly1. hardlybefore(1) 在以前很少(几乎不)。如：he hardly ever goes to bed before midnight. 他很少在午夜前睡觉。(2) 一就。如：we had hardly arrived before we had to go back. 我们刚到就得回去。注：表示此义常可与 hardly when 互换。2. hardlywhen 一就。如：i had hardly closed my eyes when the telephone rang. 我刚合上眼，电话铃就响了。we had hardly started when it began to rain. 我们刚出发就下起雨来。注：在该结构中，主句通常用过去完成时，从句通常用一般过去时。若需强调，可将 hardly 置于句首，但此时主句要用倒装语序。如：hardly had he begun when we were told to stop. 我们刚开始就被叫停。harm1. do sb (sth) harm / do harm to sb (sth) 对某人(某事物)有害。如：smoking does harm to your health. 吸烟对你的身体有害。a few late nights never did anyone any harm. 熬几个晚上的夜对人绝无害处。such books do great harm to young people. / such books do young people great harm. 那样的书对年青人危害很大。2. (the) harm in doing sth 做某事的危害。如：theres no harm in trying. 不妨一试。i see no harm in what i said. 我说的话并无害处。whats the harm in having a little fun? 开点玩笑有什么不好? hate1. hate to do doing sth 不喜欢做某事，讨厌做某事。如：our boss hates to be delayed being delayed. 我们老板对耽搁时间很反感。some people hate working to work in the early morning. 有些人不爱在清晨工作。注：would hate 后通常要接不定式。如：id hate to spend christmas alone. 我不喜欢一个人过圣诞节。2. hate sb (sth) to do doing sth 不喜欢(讨厌)某人做某事。如：i hate women smoking to smoke. 我不喜欢女人抽烟。she hates anyone listening when shes telephone. 她讨厌别人听着她打电话。注：would hate 后通常要接带不定式的复合结构。如：id hate you to go. 我不愿你去。3. i hate it when-clause 不喜欢(某事)。如：i hate it when people ask me for money. 我不喜欢别人向我要钱。i hate it when people talk with their mouths full. 我不喜欢人们嘴里含着饭说话。have1. have sb do sth (1) 叫(请，使)某人做某事。如：ill have her post the letter. 我要叫她去寄信。he had his son clean the car. 他叫他的儿子擦车。(2) 容忍或允许某人做某事(用于否定句，尤与 wont, cant连用)。如：i wont have you tell me what to do. 我不能让你对我做的事指手划脚。2. have sb (sth) doing sth (1) 使(让)某人(某事物)一直做在做某事。如：he had the light burning all night. 他让灯亮了一整夜。within minutes he had the whole audience laughing and clapping. 没出几分钟他就让全体听众笑起来，鼓起掌来。(2) 容忍或允许某人做某事(用于否定句，尤与 wont, cant连用)。如：he wont have boys arriving late. 他不允许孩子们迟到。i wont have you smoking at your age. 我不能让你在这个年纪就抽烟。(3) 说服或命令某人做某事。如：he had me doing all kinds of jobs for her. 他叫我为她做各种事情。3. have sth done(1) 请(让)别人做某事。如：we had the machine repaired. 我们请人修理了机器。why dont you have your hair cut? 你为什么不理发? 注：有时指无意志的行为。如：he had his salary raised. 他加薪了。(2) 经历或遭遇某情况。如：he had his finger cut. 他的手指弄伤了。i had my watch stolen yesterday. 我的表昨天被人偷去了。(3) 完成或解决某事。如：he had 1000 yuan saved last year. 他去年存了1000元。ive had all my mistakes corrected. 我已把所有的错误都改正过来了。(4) 容忍或允许做某事(用于否定句，尤与 wont, cant 等连用)。如：we wont have anything said against the party. 我们不允许有人这样攻击党。4. have sth to do 有某事要做。如：i have a lot of work to do. 我有许多工作要做。she has plenty of clothes to wear. 她有足够的衣服穿。5. have on (1) 穿着，戴着。如：he had nothing on except a hat. 他身上一丝不挂，只是戴了顶帽子。(2) 有安排，有计划，有活动。如：i have nothing on for tonight. 我今晚没什么事。(3) 戏弄，欺骗。如：you won? youre not having me on? 你赢了? 没骗我吧? health1. be good for ones health 对某人身体有好处。如：walking is good for the health. 散步对健康有益。milk is good for your health. 喝牛奶对你的身体有好处。2. be in good (poor) health 身体好(不好)。如：they are in good in health. 他们身体都很好。he has been in poor health for years. 他多年身体不好。3. have enjoy good health 身体好。如：he has good health. 他身体好。we all enjoy good health. 我们身体都很好。hear1. hear sb (sth) do sth 听见某人(某事)做某事。如：he will leave for japan; i heard him say so. 他要离开去日本，我听见他这样说的。i heard him open the door and enter the room. 我听见打开门进到屋。注：在被动语态中，不定式要带 to。如：he was heard to shout. 有人听见他叫喊。2. hear sb (sth) doing sth 听见某人(某事)正在做某事。如：i can hear someone knocking. 我好像听见有人在敲门。we heard them talking and laughing in the room. 我们听见他们在屋里说笑。3. hear sth done 听见某事被做。如：i heard your name called, jim. 吉姆，我听见叫你的名字了。have you ever hear that song sung in italian? 你听见过用意大利语唱这首歌吗? 4. hear about 听说，得知。如：ive never heard about him (this). 我从未听人说起过他(这件事)。have you heard about jim coming here? 你听说了吉姆要来这里吗? 5. hear from (1) 从听来。如：i heard this from my friend. 这是我从朋友那听来的。(2) 收到的来信。如：i heard from my parents last week. 我上周收到了父母的来信。have you heard from him recently? 你最近收到他的信了吗? 6. hear of(1) 听说，得知。如：have you ever heard of him (this)? 你听说过他(这件事)吗? ive never heard of anyone doing a thing like that. 我从未听人说过会有人做那种事。(2) 允许，考虑(用于否定句，尤与 wont 等连用)。如：he wouldnt hear of my going away. 他不让我走。she just wont hear of such an idea. 她完全不同意这样一个想法。7. hear out 听完(某人的话)。如：please hear me out. 请听我把话说完。i know youre angry but you could at least hear me out. 我知道你很生气，但至少你让我把话说完。heart1. at heart 内心里，本质上，实际上。如：he is still young at heart. 他人老心不老。he seems rather mean, but he is kind at heart. 他看上去挺小气，但内心善良。2. by heart 默记地，记下。如：you have to know all the music by heart. 你得把整个曲子都记住。the teacher told us to learn get this poem by heart. 老师要我们记下这首诗。3. have the heart to do sth 忍心做某事(多用于否定句)。如：i hadnt the heart to refuse. 我不忍心拒绝。i didnt have the heart to tell him the bad news. 我不忍心(没有勇气)告诉他这个坏消息。4. heart and soul 全心全意地，全部心思地，完全地。如：we must serve the people heart and soul. 我们必须全心全意地为人民服务。im yours heart and soul. 我完全属于你的。注：该短语通常用作状语，但有时也可起名词作用而用作主语或宾语。如：有时也起名词作用，用作主语或宾语(主要是用作介词 with 的宾he plays tennis badly, but with heart and soul. 他的网球打得很糟糕，但打得很投入。when he plays the piano, his heart and soul is in it. 他弹钢琴时，全神贯注。5. lose heart 灰心。如：dont lose heart. 不要灰心。i used to work in the garden every day but i lost heart when all the plants died. 我以前每周都在花园里忙乎，但后来花草都死了，我也就灰心了。6. lose ones heart to sb 倾心于(爱上)某人。如：she lost her heart to her teacher. 她爱上了自己的老师。mr smith lost his heart to the south sea. 史密斯先生爱上了南太平洋。help1. cant help doing 禁不住做某事。如：he couldnt help crying when he heard the news. 他听到这个消息时禁不住哭了。we cant help thinking hes still alive. 我们总是认为他还活着。注：该句型若用于本义，即 help 表示“帮助”，则其后不用动名词，而用不定式。如：the medicine cant help to get rid of your cold. 这药不能帮你消除感冒。2. help oneself (sb) to sth 拿某物给自己或别人吃。如：help yourself to the fruit. 吃点水果吧。let me help you to some beef. 我来给你夹点牛肉。注：有时可以表示自己取或自己拿。如：a：do you think i could borrow your dictionary? 你为我可以借你的词典吗? b：yes, help yourself. 可以，你自己拿吧。3. help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事。如：we helped her (to) find her things. 我们帮她找东西。i helped him (to) repair his bike. 我帮他修自行车。注：该结构中的不定式带不带 to 均可。即使其中的 sb 不出现也是如此。如：he helped (to) do the work. 他帮助做这工作。但是，若 help 之后接一个较长的名词词组作宾语， 或当其中的不定式所表示的动作主语不直接参加时，不定式通常要带 to 。如：help the little boys at the back of the hall to carry the chairs out. 请帮大厅后面那些小男孩把椅子搬出去。these tablets will help you to sleep. 这些药片将对你的睡眠有帮助。另外，4. help sb with sth帮助某人做某事(或搬某物)。如：please help me with this luggage. 请帮我搬这行李。the children helped us with the work. 孩子们帮助我们做工作。注：有时直接用 help with sth。如：may i help with the washing-up? 我帮你洗餐具好吗? 5. with the help of / with ones help在的帮助下，借助的帮助。如：with the teachers help, i worked out the problem at last. 在老师的帮助下，我终于算出了这道习题。we got it open with the help of a knife. 我们用一把小刀把它撬开了。6. be (of) help 有帮助，有好处。如：it was not (of) much help. 这没有多大好处(作用或帮助)。can i be of any help to you? 我能帮你什么忙吗? hold1. hold back (1) 阻碍，阻止。如：no difficulty can hold us back. 任何困难也阻止不了我们。the dam was not strong enough to hold back the flood waters. 水坝不太坚固，挡不住洪水。(2) 忍住，控制。如：hearing the news she couldnt hold back her tears. 听到这消息她忍不住哭了。he just managed to hold back his anger. 他总算抑制住了自己的愤怒情绪。(2) 隐瞒。如：we must have the whole story, dont hold (anything) back. 我们必须知道全部事实真相，不要有什么隐瞒。2. hold on (1) 坚持。如：i dont think i can hold on much longer. 我觉得自己坚持不了多长时间了。hold on. everything will be all right. 坚持下去，一切都会好的。(2) 等一等。如：hold on, ill just get my coat. 等一等，我去把大衣拿来。hold on a minute while i get my breath back. 等一等，让我喘口气。(3) (电话)别挂断。如：hold on a minute -ill just get a pen. 请等一下，我去找支钢笔来。can you hold on? ill just see if hes in. 请等一下，我去看他是不是在。3. hold out 顶住，维持，提供 (1) 坚持，维持。如：are you tired? can you hold out any longer? 累了吗? 还能坚持一会儿吗? the town was surrounded, but the people held out until help arrived. 那个镇被包围了，但人们还是坚持等到援兵到来。(2) 提出，伸出，给予。如：she held out her hand in friendship. 她伸出了援助之手。i held the pen and paper out to her. 我把钢笔和纸递给她。those were the promises they held out. 那就是他们提出的诺言。4. hold over 推迟，延长。如：the matter was held over until the next meeting. 此事推迟到下次会议解决。5. hold to (1) 抓紧。如：hold firmly to the rope. 抓紧绳子。(2) 坚持，遵循。如：i hold to what i have always said. 我仍然坚持我一贯的说法。we tried to change his mind, but he held to his decision. 我们设法劝他改变主意，但他坚持他的决定。6. hold up (1) 举起，竖起。如：hold up your head. 把头抬起来。(2) 阻碍，延误。如：our flight was held up by fog. 我们的班机因有雾而停航。the storm held us up. 暴风雨把我们给耽搁了。7. catch (get, seize, take) hold of sth 抓住某物。如：take get, catch hold of teh rope and well pull you up. 抓住绳子，我们把你拉上来。i took hold of her hand and gently led her away. 我抓住她的手，轻轻地把她带走了。8. keep hold of sth 抓住某物，紧紧握住某物。如：he kept a tight hold of the rifle. 他紧紧握住枪。make sure you keep hold of my handwhenwecrosstheroad. 过马路时一定要抓住我的手。注：keep hold of sth 通常指“抓住”的状态，而 take gethold of sth 多指“抓住”的动作。holiday1. have a holiday 休假，度假，放假。如：you ought to have a holiday. 你应该休一休假。did you have a holiday on saturday afternoon? 你星期六下午放假吗? 2. make holiday 休假。如：lets make holiday for a day or two. 我们休息一两天吧。注：该结构中 holiday 前通常不用冠词。3. on holiday 度假。如：ill be on holiday next month. 我下个月全月休假。the typist is away on holiday this week. 打字员本周休假。注：该短语有时可以带有物主代词。另外，有时 holiday可以用复数。如：they are on their holiday in paris. 他们在巴黎度假。travel is very heavy her on holidays. 假日这里的交通很拥挤。4. take a (ones) holiday 休假。如：hes taking a holiday in the country. 他在乡下度假。august and september are the months of theyearduringwhich most english people take their holidays. 一年中八月和九月是大多数英国人休假的月份。注：有时 holiday 前可以用具体的休假时间。如：ill take two weeks holiday. 我要休假两星期。home1. at home (1) 在家。如：is your mother at home? 你母亲在家吗? i left my books at home. 我把书忘在家里了。(2) 会客。如：hes in, but hes not at home. 他在家，但他不会客。mr smith will be at home, monday, may 20，5 pm. 史密斯先生定于5月20日(星期一)下午5时在家接待客人(英美请帖用语)。(3) 随便，无拘无束。如：make yourself at home. 请别拘束(别客气)。he doesnt feel at home here. 他在这儿感到不习惯。(4) 熟悉，精通，运用自如。如：he is completely at home in chemistry. 他精通化学。he is quite at home with problems like this. 这类问题对他是小菜一碟。2. come home 回家(来)。如：when does your brother come home? 你兄弟什么时候回家? the mother told the son told come home early. 母亲叫儿子早点回家。3. go home 回家(去)。如：lets go home. 我们回家吧。he has gone home. 他已回家去了。honest1. be honest about sth 对某事说实话。如：please be more honest about it. 请你更坦白地告诉我。at least hes been honest about it. 至少他对此事一直是诚实的。2. be honest with sb 与某人真诚相待。如：let us be honest with each other. 让我们真诚相待。i must be honest with you. 我一定要与你坦诚相见。3. its honest of sb to do sth 某人做某事很诚实。如：it was honest of him to tell us the truth. 他很诚实，给我们讲了真话。it was honest of you to tell me your troubles. 你很坦诚，把你的苦衷告诉了我。注：以上各句也可说成：he was honest to tell us the truth. you were honest to tell me your troubles. honour1. do sb honour / do honour to sb (1) 对某人表示敬意或纪念。如：they did honour to the dead. 他们向死者致敬。(2) 给某人带来荣誉或使某人受到尊敬。如：his contributions to science do honour to our country. 他在科学上的贡献为祖国增了光。比较：we attended his birthday party to do himhonour. / weattended his birthday party to do honour to him. 我们参加了他的生日晚会以表示对他的敬意。2. do sb the honour of doing to do sth 给某人面子做某事，给某人做某事的荣幸。如：would you do me the honour of dancing with me? / would youdo me the honour to dance with me? 能请你跳曲舞吗? 3. have the honour of doing to do sth有幸做某事或荣幸地做某事。如：that year i had the honour of being admittedintotheparty. 那一年我荣幸地被接受入了党。i have the honour to introduce mr jones. 我很荣幸地介绍琼斯先生。比较：may i have the honour of dancing with you? / may ihavethe honour to dance with you? 能请你跳曲舞吗? 4. in honour of 为向表示敬意，为纪念，为祝贺，为了欢迎，为了招待。如：we had a party in honour of his birthday. 为了祝贺他的生日我们举行了一个晚会。5. its an honour to do sth its an honour to be asked to come here and speak to youall. 我受邀请到此向诸位演讲感到十分荣幸。it is a great honour to have the president visitingourtown. 总统访问我们城市是我们十分荣幸的事。hope1. have the hope of doing sth 有做某事的希望。如：i have no hope of going. 我没有去的希望。he still has the hope of seeing her again. 他还有希望再见到她。注：有时用复数形式的 hopes, 但此时其前通常没有限定词(有时可能有形容词)。如：( / d30)he has hopes of winning. 他对胜利充满信心。they have great hopes of winning. 他们大有获胜的希望。另外，有时用于 there be 句型。如：theres not much hope of him coming. 他来的希望不大。2. hope for sth 希望有某物。如：we are hoping for good weather. 我们希望有好天气。there is every season to hope for success. 有充分的理由希望获得