1贸易保护主义推动自由贸易.doc

Content 1. Members to promote free trade at APEC forum （推动自由贸易，适用于一单元）2. APEC ministers agree on the list of tariff reduction （推动自由贸易，适用于一单元）3. EUs solar decision anti-dumping investigation (贸易保护主义，反倾销，适用于一单元)4. Beijing regrets EUs solar decision (贸易保护主义，反倾销，适用于一单元1. Members to promote free trade at APEC forumPresident Hu Jintao arrived in Russias Far Eastern city of Vladivostok on Thursday for the annual economic leaders meeting of the 21-member Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation slated for Saturday and Sunday.At the meeting, Hu and other leaders of APEC members will discuss trade and investment liberalization, regional economic integration, food security and establishment of reliable supply chains, as well as cooperation in fostering innovative growth.Hu is scheduled to deliver a key-note主题speech at the APEC CEO summit. In his speech, the president is expected to talk about Chinas current economic situation and economic policies, and make proposals on developing infrastructure for sustainable growth in the region.APEC members have made great progress in establishing free trade agreements within the region and they are boosting efforts to deepen trade and investment liberalization, promoting the recovery of the global economy, said Wang Yusheng, a former APEC senior official.The focus of APEC economies should lie on their free trade goal fulfillment instead of the establishment of a tentative framework that goes beyond WTO principles, such as the Trans-Pacific Partnership, for which the negotiations include APEC members, such as Australia, New Zealand, Wang added.Its not right that the United States, which didnt fulfill its commitment to trade liberalization with APEC members, has been focusing on the TPP, which is still tentative due to concerns about its feasibility, Wang said.The 14th round of negotiations on the TPP were expected to begin on Thursday in Leesburg, Virginia. The TPP is an expanded version of the Trans-Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership Agreement.Once finalized, the TPP will be the largest trade bloc agreement in the Asia-Pacific region, and could become even larger once Canada and Mexico join the talks. Japan and the Republic of Korea could follow suit.The nine countries that will negotiate the TPP are: Australia, Brunei, Chile, Malaysia, New Zealand, Peru, Singapore, Vietnam and the US.The US is relying on its dominance in the TPP to pin down other large economies within the Asia-Pacific region, giving it a significant foothold in the region, Wang said.Feng Yujun, an expert on Russian studies with the China Institute of Contemporary International Relations, said the TPP may damage the free trade mechanism that APEC has established and that the achievement of trade and investment liberalization may be hampered.During this years APEC forum, Russia is attaching great importance to developing trade and investment with Asian countries, as its previous main exporting destinations - the European Union and the US - are experiencing sluggish markets, Feng said.China and Russia plan to increase their trade value to $100 billion by 2015, with bilateral trade expected to enter a fast-growth period.The Pacific Economic Cooperation Council said in its latest survey released in Vladivostok that growth in the Asia-Pacific region this year is expected to increase slightly to 3.7 percent from last years 3.5 percent.China is considered the best place for growth in the Asia-Pacific region, according to the Pacific Economic Cooperation Council, an APEC observer.China has signed 10 FTAs including those with the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, Pakistan and Peru.Yi Xiaozhun, Chinas vice-minister of commerce, said earlier that China will actively advance the FTA strategy to promote the integration of Asia-Pacific economies.2. APEC ministers agree on list of tariff reductionVLADIVOSTOK - Ministers from 21 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) member economies on Thursday agreed to present a list of 54 items of goods for tariff reduction to the upcoming APEC informal economic leaders meeting for approval.The ministers managed to form a list of 25 items of goods for tariff reduction on Wednesday, the first day of their meeting, Russian Economy Minister Andrei Belousov told a press conference Thursday.It will be a shame to have only 25 items of goods for trade tariff reduction, he said, And the ministers agreed today to increase the list to include 54 items of goods which, when approved by the leaders of the APEC meeting, will get a tariff reduction to the level of 5 percent by 2015.When asked to identify some of the listed items, he clarified that the agreed items were not green goods themselves but rather goods which will be helpful to the improvement of environmental protection.Goods like measuring and controlling instruments, he said.The Russian host highlighted efforts of the APEC member economies in reducing trade tariffs for goods which help the environment.With the World Trade Organization, it has been over 10 years to make the progress. But with APEC, the bloc has already made some progress under the Russian presidency, Belousov said, describing the agreed list as a substantial progress.Asked why the press conference was postponed by more than two hours and whether the delay was caused by opinion conflicts among the ministers, Belousov said different opinions did exist among developed and emerging economies within APEC with countries like the United States and Canada on one end of the spectrum范围，幅度and China, Indonesia and small countries on the other end.They have different opinions because they face different problems, said the minister. But APEC agreements are consensus-based decisions基于协商一致的决策so I would not call the difference a conflict.After being approved by the leaders attending the APEC economic leaders meeting scheduled for the weekend, the trade tariff reduction agreement made in Vladivostok will be a step toward the envisaged想像，设想；正视，面对； free trade mechanism for the entire APEC region3. Experts say EUs solar decision is destructive(anti-dumping investigation)China observers in Europe said that the opening of an anti-dumping investigation into Chinese solar panel exports by Brussels is unfortunate, destructive and not smart while urging Beijing to react reasonably to avoid an escalation扩大，增加.The experts said that they dont believe officials in Brussels deliberately announced the decision on Thursday to gain more bargaining power over Beijing when both sides hold a leaders meeting in two weeks in Europe.In order to avoid a destructive trade war and turn Brussels destructive move into something positive, it would be good if China responds by asking for a broader review of WTO rules when it comes to environmental goods and services, said Dennis Pamlin, founder of Sweden-based 21st Century Frontiers.He said that the Brussels move is not smart as Europe claims to be a green champion.On Thursday, the European Commission announced the opening of an anti-dumping investigation into Chinese solar products exports. The volume of Chinas photovoltaic光电的products exports to Europe was about 21 billion euros ($26.4 billion) last year.Giles Merritt, secretary-general of Brussels-based think tank Friends of Europe, said the timing of the investigation was not set deliberately, but is rather an unfortunate coincidence as it is right before the EU-China summit.He said that European Commission officials are playing the roles of judges and lawyers, instead of politicians, and that they dont realize how politically sensitive the move is.I dont think the Chinese government needs to worry too much, said Merritt, adding that Beijing can ignore the political aspect and look at it as a legal case.Technical procedures should be the point the Chinese government has to pay attention to, as that is in everybodys interest, said Merritt.Merritt believes the move will not damage EU-China relations too much in the short term, but that on a long-term perspective, China needs to think about the implications.He said that more efforts should be made from the European side, and that commission officials should try to understand how sensitive the move is.Shada Islam, head of policy at Friends of Europe, agreed with Merritt, saying the action is unfortunate but not deliberate.China can react with reasonable moderation and avoid overplaying it, Islam said.She said both Beijing and Brussels should work together in a mature manner and not allow one case to damage the entire EU-China relations, especially when enormous effort has been made by both sides to promote its development.The upcoming EU-China summit is the second after both sides met in Beijing in February.David Fouquet, senior associate of the Brussels-based European Institute of Asian Studies, said that this is a regular trade dispute rather than a dramatic and sudden shock.Despite the occasional disputes, Fouquet said EU-China relations are developing as a stable and mature partnership with high interdependency, which is too big to fail. He said both sides have learned to deal with the problems with rationality and maturity.What we need to avoid now is dramatization使戏剧化, actions should be taken by the leaders to de-dramatize the influence of such specific cases so as not to affect the entire good mutual relationship, said Fouquet.4. Beijing regrets EU solar decisionAnti-dumping investigation will damage sector globally, analysts sayBeijing deeply regrets the decision by the European Commission to launch an investigation into the alleged dumping of solar panel products.The probe is expected to damage the industry globally.China exported nearly $26 billion of solar panels and products to Europe last year.China deeply regrets that the European Commission decided to start the probe, even though the country has called many times to solve the problem through discussions and cooperation, Shen Danyang, spokesman of the Ministry of Commerce, said in a statement on Thursday.Restricting Chinas solar panel products will not only hurt the interests of both Chinese and European industry, it will also undermine the healthy development of the global solar and clean energy sector.He urged the European Union to scrap protectionist measures and not to introduce new protectionist trade and investment policies before 2014.The EU statement said the investigation is expected to last 15 months. But it is possible according to trade defense rules to impose provisional anti-dumping duties within 9 months, provided there is sufficient prima facie evidence of dumping.Chinese manufacturers of solar or photovoltaic panels have denied that China was providing any illegal subsidies, noting that the industry is in the midst of a radical transition as the cost of products drops.There were warnings that Beijing will retaliate报复.The case will be the largest trade dispute involving China, said Xu Ruilin, head of the Solar Industry Association in Jiangsu province, where most major solar companies are located.The investigation came after a complaint by a group of European solar companies in July led by Germanys SolarWorld AG. The company also started anti-dumping and subsidy cases concerning Chinas solar panel exports to the US in October 2011.The US Commerce Department in May levied tariffs against several Chinese manufacturers, alleging they sold their products below cost.China exports $35.8 billion of solar products last year.The EU move is a blow against Chinas solar industry, said Zhou Shijian, a senior trade expert at Tsinghua University.Solar: Domestic market will play increasing roleThe probes by the US and the EU into Chinese solar products are not based on economics. They are political and aim to seize a vantage place in the new energy industry, he said. Its time for the government to stand up.Sang Baichuan, head of the Institute of International Business at the University of International Business and Economics in Beijing, said the investigation will add pressure on exports.He urged the government to take countermeasures.A European Commission source, who declined to be identified, said the launch of the anti-dumping case was legally necessary.Coincidentally, the investigation was announced just as the annual report of the European Union Chamber of Commerce in China called for more equal market access for European businesses.The investigation will issue a provisional finding within nine months, the source said.The European Council will make a final decision on the case by Dec 5, 2013.Dennis Pamlin, founder of Sweden-based consultancy company 21st New Frontiers, said the decision by Brussels was not smart if the EU wants to champion为而斗争，捍卫，声援 a low-carbon era低碳时代.Brussels attacking China for providing low prices for solar solutions not only undermines the EU as a green champion绿色冠军, it also demonstrates that the EU looks at short-term populism instead of long-term collaboration and employment有益的活动, Pamlin said.Chinese industrial associations reacted in a more focused way than they did when the United States introduced tariffs.As the representative of Chinese solar companie