中考英语复习讲义 第4部分 情景交际.doc

第四部分情景交际知识点1 社会交往（social communication）1. 问候（greeting）【常用表达】问候：good morning/ afternoon/ evening!早上/下午/晚上好hello./hi.你好!how are you?你好吗?how do you do?你好!how are you doing recently?你最近怎样?应答:hello./hi.你好!very well, thank you.很好，谢谢你。fine, thank you, and you?很好，谢谢，你呢?how do you do?你好!just so so.马马虎虎。not too bad, thank you. what about you?还行，谢谢你。你呢?2.介绍（introduction）【常用表达】自我介绍my name is jim.我的名字是吉姆。im a student.我是一个学生。im from england.我来自英格兰。介绍别人:this is mr./mrs. / miss / ms brown.这是布朗先生/夫人/小姐。id like you to meet bob.我想让你见见鲍勃。应答:how do you do?你好!nice/ glad/ pleased to meet (see) you.很高兴见到你。2. 告别（farewells）【常用表达】己方：good bye/ bye/ bye-bye.再见。good night.晚安。see you later/ then/ tomorrow/ soon.回头见/到时候见/明天见/一会见i am sorry. i have to go now.对不起，我必须走了。i am afraid i must be leaving now.我恐怕要走了对方：good-bye/ bye/ bye-bye.再见。sec you.回头见/再见。good night.晚安。see. you later/ then/ tomorrw/ soon.回头见/到时候见/明天见/一会儿见。3. 感谢（thanks）【常用表达】感谢方：thank you (very much).(非常)感谢。thanks a lot.非常感谢。thank you for your help。谢谢你的帮助。its very kind/ nice of you.你真是太好了。被感谢方:its a pleasure.很荣幸。thats ok/ all right。没什么。youre welcome.不客气。4. 道歉（apologizes）【常用表达】表达歉意:sony./im sorry.对不起。/我很抱歉。excuse me.打扰了。i beg your pardon?抱歉。i m sorry for losing your book.我很抱歉丢了你的书。im sorry to interrupt you.我很抱歉打扰你。im sorry ( that) im late.我很抱歉迟到了。接受道歉:thats ok.好吧。its all right.好吧。never mind.没关系。it doesnt matter.没关系。its nothing.没什么。6.邀请(invitation) 【常用表达】 提出邀请: would you like to go for a walk?你想去散步吗? you must come to dinner with us.你必须来和我们吃晚餐。 may i invite you to dinner?我能邀请你吃晚餐吗? what/ how about having a swim?去游泳怎么样? 接受邀请: ok.好的。 thank you.谢谢你。 id like that. thanks我很喜欢，谢谢。 yes, id love to.是的，我很乐意。that would be very nice.那非常不错。拒绝邀请:no, thank you.不了，谢谢。its very nice of you, but my mother is ill.你真是太好了。但是我妈妈病了。id love to, but im afraid i have。time.我很想，但是我没时间。im sorry i cant. what about another time?对不起，我不行。别的时间可以吗?7.请求允许(asking for permission) 【常用衰达】 提出请求: may i come in?我能进来吗? can/ could i use your telephone?我能使用你的电 话吗? would/ do you mind if i open the window?你介意我 打开窗户吗? 表示允许: yes, please.是的，请吧。 sure.当然。 certainly.当然。 表示拒绝:im sorry. its not allowed.抱歉。这不允许。im araid not. youd better not.恐怕不行。你最好别这样。月刁日咭舀月1o8.祝贺与祝愿(expressing wishes and congratulations) 【常用表达】 表示祝愿： have a good day/ time!玩得愉快! have a good journey/ trip!旅途愉快! good luck!祝好运!enjoy yourself!玩得愉快!best wishes to you.给你最好的祝愿!happy new year!新年快乐!merry christmas!圣诞快乐!happy birthday!生日快乐!congratulations!祝贺你!well done!干得好!接受祝福:thank you.谢谢你!you, too你也是。the same to you.你也是。了-.rj.几翻产召二o9.提供帮助(offering help)【常用表达提供帮助:do you want me to clean the room?你想让我打扫房间吗?can i help you?需要帮助吗?would you like me to help you?你需要我的帮助吗?what can i do for you? 我能为你做些什么?let me take your bags. 让我帮你拿包吧。接受帮助:yes, please./yes, thanks.是的。谢谢。thank you.谢谢。that would be nice/ fine.那太好了。thank you for your (the) help.谢谢你的帮助。拒绝帮助:no, thanks/ thank you.不用，谢谢。thank you all the same.同样感谢你。its very kind of you, but i can manage it myself.你真是太好了，不过我自己可以应付。10.约会(making appointments) 【常用表达】 提出邀请: will you be free tomorrow?你明天有空吗? do you have time this afternoon?你今天下午有时间吗? how about tomorrow morning?明天早上怎么样? when/ where shall we meet?我们什么时候/在哪里见面? could we meet at 4:30?我们下午4:30见面吗? lets make it 4:30.我们定在4:30吧。 接受邀请: yes, ill be free then.是的，我那时有空。 all right. see you then.好吧。到时候见。 拒绝邀请: im afraid i have no time then.我恐怕没有时间。 sorry, i wont be free then. but ill be free tomorrow.对不起，我那时没空。但我明天有空。11.打电话(making telephone calls) 【常用表达】 打电话方:hello! may i speak to tom?喂!汤姆在吗?hello! id like to speak to mr. green.喂!我找格林先生。is that liu ying speaking?是刘颖吗?can i leave a message?我能留个口信吗？ill back later/ again. 我稍后再打过来。ill ring her /him up again。我会再打给她/他的。接电话方：hello!t his is mary speaking.喂! 我是玛丽。hello！who is that?喂!谁呀?hello! whos speaking?喂!是谁?hold the line, please。请稍等!just a moment，please.请稍等!sorry. he/ she isnt here right now.抱歉。他(她)现在不在。can i take a message?要我捎个口信吗?sorry. 1 cant hear you.对不起。我听不清你的话。the line is had/ busy.线路不通/忙。i couldnt get through.没接通。sorry, im afraid you have the wrong number.对不起，我恐怕您打错了。12.就餐(having meals)【常用表达】询问及邀请方: would you like something to eat/ drink?你想要吃点/喝点什么吗? what would you like (to have)?你想要点什么? would you like some more fish?你想多要些鱼吗? help yourself to some fish.请呼便吃些鱼吧！ 被询问及被邀请方: yes， id like to drink.是的，我想要喝一杯。 id like rice and chicken.我想要米饭和鸡肉。 just a little, please.请来一点点。 can i have some more soup?我能多来点汤吗? its so delicious. thank you.太美味了。谢谢你。 (2)no, thank you. ive had enough.不了。谢谢。我吃饱了。im full. thank you.我饱了。谢谢。its very delicious, but i cant eat any more.太好吃 了，但我实在吃不下了。13.就医(seeing the doctor) 【常用表达】 医生: whats the matter?怎么了? what seems to be the trouble?有什么问题吗? do you have a fever?你发烧了吗？ how long have you felt like this?你这样多久了? its nothing serious.不严重。take this medicine three times a day.这药一天吃三次。youll be all right/ well soon.你很快就会好的。患者:i have a headache/ cough/ fever.我头疼/咳嗽/发烧了。i feel terrible./ bad/ horrible/ awful.我觉得很糟。i dont feel well。我感觉不好。ive got a pain here.我这里疼。it hurts here.我这里疼。i cant sleep well.我睡不好。14.购物(shopping) 【常用表达】 售货员: can/ may i help you? 有什么需要帮助的吗? what can i do for you?需要帮助吗?how many /much would you like? 你要多少?what colour/ size/ kind would you like?你要什么颜色/尺寸/种类的?what about this one?这个怎么样?heres your change.找你零钱。顾客:i want/ id like。pair of shoes.我想买一双鞋。how much is it/ are they?这个(些)多少钱?may i try it/ them on?我能试一下吗?its too big/small.太大/小了 。sorry, its too expensive.对不起，太贵了。do you have any other colours/ sizes/ kinds?你们还有别的颜色/尺寸/种类吗?two and a half kilos/ pounds, please.请给我2.5千克/磅。thats fine. ill take it.不错。我买了。just have a look.(我)只是看看。well，ill think about it.嗯，我会考虑一下。15.问路asking the way)【常用表达】 问路人: excuse me. wheres the washroom?抱歉，请问洗手间在哪里?can you tell me how to get to the post office?你能告诉我怎么去邮局吗?excuse me. which bus goes to world park?抱歉，哪路公交车去世界公园?excuse me. which is the way to the bank of china?抱歉，去中国银行怎么走?excuse me. could you tell me the way to the station，please?抱歉，你能告诉我去车站的路吗?how can i get to no. 4 middle school?我怎么才能到第四中学?指路人:its over there.在那里。its about 400 metres from here.从这里过去大约四百米。go down this street until you see the tall red building.沿着这条街道走，直到你看见红色的高大建筑。turn right/left at the seconding crossing在第一个/第二个十字路口右/左转。you cant miss it.你别错过了.you can take bus no. 103.你可以坐103路公交车。youd better take a taxi. 你最好打车去。sorry. i dont know. im stranger here.对不起，不知道。我对这里很陌生。16.谈论天气 (talking about weather)【常用表达】询间:whats the weather like today?今天天气怎么样?hows the weather in beijing?北京天气怎样?what a cold/ hot day today!今天太热/冷了！回答:its a nice/ find beautiful/ horrible day today.今天真不锗/好/漂亮/糟糕。its sunny/ cloudy/ windy/ rainy/ snowy/ foggy.晴天/多云/刮风/下雨/下雪/有寡。its getting cool/ cold/ warm/ hot.变凉了/冷了/暖和了/热了。17.语官交际困难【language difficulties in communication)【常用衰达】pardon?什么?i beg your pardon? i dont understand.抱歌，我不明白。sorry, i cant follow you.抱歌，我不明白你在说什么。how do you sayin english?用英语怎么说?i dont know how to say that in english.我不知道那个用英语怎么说。i dont know the word in english.我不知道这个词用英语怎么说。how do you spell it, please?请问，你怎么拼写它?im sorry i only know a little english.很抱欲，我只会说一点英语。18.提醒和注意(reminding and warning) 【常用表达】 dont forget your raincoat.别忘了你的雨衣。remember to lock the door.记得锁门。mind your head/step!当心头/脚下。wet floor!小心地滑!look out!当心!be careful!当心点!19.警告和禁止（warning and prohibition) 【常用表达】 no smoking!撰止吸烟! no spitting ！禁止吐痰! dont touch!禁止触摸! its dangerous.危险！20.劝告advice)【常用表达】 youd better go to see the doctor你最好去看医生. you should listen and read english every day.你应该每天听英语.读英讲。 you need to buy a chinese-english dictionary.你需 要买一本汉英词典。 dont rush/ hurry/ push. please stand in line.别挤/ 别急/别推。请排队。21.建议( suggestions) 【常用衰达】 lets go and have a look.让我们去看一下。 what/ how about a picnic this sunday?这周日去野餐怎么样?why dont you buy a computer?你为什么不买台电脑?why not go to a movie?为什么不去看场电影?知识点2 态度(attitudes)1.同意和不同意（agreement and disagreement) 【常用表达】 同意: sure. / certainly.当然。 of course. / all right.当然。 i agree.我同意。 no problem没问题。 i agree.我同意。 no problem.没问题。 thats a good idea.那是个好主惫。 yes, i think so.是的，我这样认为。 不同意: no way.没门。 of course not.当然不。 i dont agree.我不同惫。 i dont think so.我不这样认为。 im afraid not.我恐怕不是。2.喜欢和不喜欢likes and dislikes) 【常用表达】 喜欢: this book is very interesting.这本书非常有趣。i like/ love the movie (very much).我(非常)喜欢这部电影。i like/ love to play computer games.我喜欢玩电脑游戏。 i like taking photos.我喜欢拍照。 i enjoy listening to music.我喜欢听音乐。 im interested in science.我对科学感兴趣。 he is fond of music.他喜欢音乐。 不喜欢: this song is bad/ awful.这首歌真差劲。 一dont like the movie very much/ at all.我(一点儿都)不喜欢这部电影。 i dont enjoy collecting stamps.我不喜欢收集邮票。 i hate to do homework.我讨厌做作业。3.肯定和不肯定（certainty and uncertainty) 【常用表达】 肯定: im sure.我肯定。 im sure of that，这我肯定。 im (quite) sure (that) shell join us.我非常确定她会加人我们。 there is no doubt that its made of silk.毫无疑问这是丝绸做的。 its clear that it will rain soon.很明显要下雨了. 不肯定: im not so sure.我不太确定。 im not sure of that.这我不太确定: im not sure whether/ if she can come.我不太确定她是否会来。 maybe you are right.也许你是对的。 perhaps she is at home now.也许她现在在家。 its hard to say.不好说。4.可能和不可能（possibility and impossibility) 【常用表达】 可能: he can/ may come today.他可能今天来。it may snow tonight.可能今晚下雪。 its possible to finish the homework before 6 o clock.六点前有可能完成作业。 不可能:he may not come so early.他叮能不会来这么早。he cant be in the office now.他现在不可能在办公室。its not likely to snow now.近期不可能下雪.its impossible to finish my homework within one hour.一小时内完成我的作业是不可能的。5.能够和不能够ability and inability). 【常用表达】， 能够: he can ride a bike.他可以骑自行车。 hes able to pass the math exam.他可以通过数学考试。 he is good at football.他搜长踢足球。 不能够: he cant swim.他不会游泳。 shes not good at swimming.他不植长游泳。6.偏爱和爱好preference and hobbies) 【常用表达) i prefer tea.我更喜欢茶。 which do you prefer, tea or coffee?你更喜欢哪个，茶还是咖啡? i like english betted the best.我比较/最喜欢英语。 my favourite subject is physics.我最喜欢的学科是物理。7.意愿和打算(intentions and plans) 【常用表达】 ill go with you.我将和你一起去。 im going to see my head teacher this afternoon.我打算今天下午去见我的校长。 id like to make。phone call to her after class.我想下课后给她打个电话。 i want/ hope to find an english pen-friend.我希望找一个英语笔友。 i plan to go to hangzhou this sum，我计划这个署假去杭州. i wont see the movie again.我将不再看这个电影了。 im not going to buy the book.视不打算买这本书。 i dont want to live in the big city.我不想住在大城市.8.希望和愿望(hope and wish)【常用表达】 i wish to see you again.我希望再次见到你。 i hope to become a doctor.我希望成为一名医生。 i hope it stays fine.找希望它很好. i wish i were younger.找希望我年轻些。 i hope so。我希望如此。i hope not.我不希望如此。9.表扬和鼓励（praise and encouragement） 【常用表达】 表扬: very good!非t好! well dune!干得好! wonderful!太捧了！you speak english very well.你的英语说得很好。your dress is beautiful!你的裙子很漂亮!鼓励:come on !加油!keep trying!继续努力!you can do it!你能行的!应答:thank you.谢谢ok. ill try it again.好的。我会再试试的。10.责备和抱怨(blame and complaint)【常用表达】what do you mean by doing，?你这么做是十么意思?how could you cheat your teacher?你怎么能骗你的老师?why didnt you tell me the truth?你为什么不告诉我真相?im sorry to have said that, but this room is too dirty.我很抱歉这么说，但这个房子太脏了。why dont you do something about it?你为什么不就这事做点什么?知识点3判断与评价（judgement and evaluation）1. 高兴（happiness）【常用表达】 how wonderful/ nice!多好啊! th