中考英语专题复习 need与must用法.doc

need 需知need可以用作情态动词、及物动词和名词，但各自的用法有所不同。一、need用作情态动词1、need用作情态动词时，没有人称、数和时态的变化，后接动词原形，可以指现在，也可以指将来，主要用于否定句和疑问句中，较少用于肯定句。如：you need not worry about my english study, mum.妈妈，你不必担心我的英语学习。2、引导一般疑问句时，直接将need移到句首。此时对它的回答同must引导的一般疑问句的回答相同，肯定回答用yes, must；否定回答用no, neednt或no, dont have to。变成否定句直接need后加not。如：need/ must i come to your birthday party? 我必须来参加你的生日聚会了吗？yes, you must. 是的。no, you neednt./no, you dont have to. 不，你没必要。3、need+ have+ done表示对过去某事是否有必要的看法,常含有责备之意。如：you neednt have told him the secrets between us.你没有必要告诉他你我之间的秘密。4、need用作情态动词可以和否定副词：hardly, never, seldom等连用，表示实际的否定。如：i need hardly tell you how sad i feel about my fault.我不必告诉你我对我的过错有多么难过。二、need用作及物动词1、need用作及物动词时，有人称、数和时态的变化(主语第三人称单数用needs，过去式用needed)，后接名词、代词或动词不定式(表示主动意义)，往往用于肯定句和否定句中。如：we all need some help.我们都需要一些帮助。its cold outside. you need to wear a warm coat.外面天冷。你得穿暖和的衣服。2、引导一般疑问句时，必须借助助动词do, did或does。变成否定句时亦如此。如：did millie need any money to buy gifts for her mother? millie需要一些钱来帮她妈妈买礼物吗/yes, she did. 是的，需要。no, she didnt. 不，不需要。i dont need things like that.我不需要像那样的动词。3、后接动名词时表示被动的含义,相当于不定式的被动语态，但此时的主语须是物，即：物+ need +doing=物+ need+ to be done。如：my hair needs cutting.= my hair needs to be cut.我需要理发了。三、need用作名词1、need用作名词时，意为“需要、必要”，既可用作可数名词也可用作不可数名词。如：we should try our best to meet the workers needs. 我们应该尽力满足工人们的需要。2、there is no need+ for somebody of doing something/to do something.意为“对某人来说没必要做某事”，此时可以转换成somebody doesnt need to do something。如：there is no need for us to worry about our study.=we dont need to worry about our study.我们没必要担心我们的学习。3、常见短语：be in need of in needill come to help you when you are in need of help. 在你需要帮助的时候我会来帮你的。 a friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情。must中考焦点访谈【焦点1】cars, buses and bikes stop when the traffic light is red.a. canb. mustc. mayd. need【访谈】must表示主观的义务和必要, 主要用于肯定句和疑问句, 意思为 “必须,得,要”。故本题应选b。【焦点2】- i fill in the check-in form right now, sir? -no, you neednt. you can complete it this afternoon.a. mayb. canc. wouldd. must -mum, must i do my homework now? -no, you . you can do it after supper.a. mustntb. cantc. shouldntd. neednt【访谈】回答must引导的一般疑问句时，与need引导的一般疑问句回答一样，肯定回答用：yes, 主语+must;否定回答用：no,主语+neednt /dont have to。故这两题都应选d。【焦点3】alice has been in china for several years. she be a big girl now.a. needb. mustc. cand. may mary be at home. i saw her in the library just now.a. mustntb. needntc. shouldntd. cant【访谈】must用于肯定句，表示可能性很大的猜测、推测，意为“一定、必定或想必”，后面接动词的一般时，表示对现在的推测，接动词的完成式，表示对过去的推测。若变为否定句时，须将must 改为cant，意为“不可能”。故这两题应分别选b和d。【焦点4】you open the door before the train gets into the station.a. dont have tob. mustntc. needntd. may not【访谈】must的否定形式mustnt表示“禁止、杜绝、绝对不许做(某事)”，意为“不能”，加强语气用must never。故本题应选b。【焦点5】the woman must be your english teacher, she?a. mustntb. needntc. isntd. cant my father must have finished reading the novel yesterday, he?a. needntb. cantc. wasntd. didnt【