高中英语 Module6 War and Peace阅读训练（3）外研版选修6.doc

module6 war and peace阅读训练（3）.阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。【2014江西省南昌两校高三上学期第四次联考】the american newspaper publisher arthur sulzberger sr died at the age of 86.mr sulzberger led the new york times for more than three decades，before passing the business to his son.he took over the paper in 1963 when it was in financial trouble，and transformed it into the heart of a multibillion dollar media empire.his family announced he had died at his home in southampton，new york state，after a long illness.his son，arthur sulzberger jr，said in a statement that his father，whom he referred to by his childhood nickname of punch，was “one of our industrys most admired executives”“punch，the old marine captain who never backed down from a fight，was an absolutely fierce defender of the freedom of the press，” he said.the new york times was bought by mr sulzberger srs grandfather adolph ochs in 1896.during mr sulzbergers tenure，the new york times won 31 pulitzer prizes.born in new york city,5 february 1926，sr served in marine corps during world war and korean war，joined the new york times in 1951 after graduating from columbia college，took over as publisher in 1963 after his brotherinlaw died suddenly，stepped down in 1997 and passed stewardship to his son，arthur sulzberger jr.he oversaw a huge circulation boost at the paper，and increased its parent companys annual revenues (年收入) from $100m in 1963 to $1.7bn by the time he stepped down in 1997.he also led the paper through highlevel clashes with the political establishment.in 1971，the times published a series of stories saying that politicians had systematically lied over the us involvement in vietnam.the source was thousands of leaked government documents known as the pentagon papers.the nixon administration demanded that the paper stop publishing the stories on grounds of national security.but the paper refused，and then won the subsequent court case by arguing that the first amendment of the us constitution (宪法) guaranteed free speech.the case is seen as a landmark in the history of free speech in the us.mr sulzberger said he read more than 7,000 pages of the pentagon papers before personally deciding to publish them.his family still holds a controlling stake (控股权) in the new york times.he was a strong believer in family ownership of newspapers.he once joked：“my conclusion is simple.nepotism works.”1when did arthur sulzberger sr die?ain 1997.bin 2012.cin 1963.din 1971.2punch，the old marine captain was actually_.aarthur sulzberger jrbadolph ochscarthur sutzberger srs fatherdarthur sulzberger sr3which of the following is true according to the passage?aarthur sulzberger sr took over the new york times from his brotherinlaw.barthur sulzberger jrs grandfather bought the new york times.carthur sulzberger sr resigned when the new york times was in financial trouble.darthur sulzberger jr took over the new york times after graduating from columbia college.4in the political case in the 1970s，mr sulzberger_.afailed the case in the endblost the controlling stake in the new york timescgave in to the governmentd succeeded in guarding free speech of the paper5what does the underlined word “nepotism” probably refer to?afriendship.bpolitics.cfamily ownershipdfreedom of speech.语篇解读本文介绍了纽约时报前总裁arthur sulzberger sr的生平。1解析：考查细节理解。根据第一段第一句中的“arthur sulzberger sr died at the age of 86” 和第四段第一句中的“born in new york city,5 february 1926”可知，他出生于1926年，去世时86岁，由此可知他在2012年去世。答案：b2解析：考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“his son，arthur sulzberger jr，said in a statement that his father，whom he referred to by his childhood nickname of punch，was one of our industrys most admired executives”可知punch，the old marine captain指arthur sulzberger sr。答案：d3解析：考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“sr served in marine corps.took over as publisher in 1963 after his brotherinlaw died suddenly”可知，a项正确。b项中的“arthur sulzberger jrs grandfather”错误；根据第一段最后一句可知c项错误；根据第四段可知d项错误。答案：a4解析：考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的“national security.but the paper refused，and then won the subsequent court case”可知，d项符合题意。答案：d5解析：考查词义猜测。根据画线词前面的“he was a strong believer in family ownership of newspapers.”可推测，画线词指的应是family ownership。答案：c。【2015高考复习】阅读理解 “one city one book” is a generic name (通称) for a community reading program that attempts to get everyone in a city to read and discuss the same book.popular book picks have been harper lees to kill a mockingbird，ernest gainess a lesson before dying，and ray bradburys fahrenheit 451.“one city one book” programs take the idea of a localized book discussion club and expand it to cover a whole city.the first such program was “if all of seattle read the same book” in 1998，started by nancy pearl at seattle public librarys washington center for the book.the book chosen for the program was the sweet hereafter by russell banks，written in 1991.other cities copied the idea，and the library of congress listed 404 programs occurring in 2007.each citys program has its own goals；these typically include building a sense of community and promoting literacy.nancy pearl warns against expecting too much from a program：“keep in mind that this is a library program，its not an exercise in civics，and that its not intended to have literature cure the racial divide.this is about a work of literature.” programs typically involve more than having everyone read the same book.some other activities that have been included are：book discussion sessions，scholarly lectures on the book or related topics，a visit by the author，exhibits，related arts programming (especially showing a movie of the book if there is one)，and integration into school curricula.in boston the “one city one story” program used shorter stories and distributed tens of thousands of free copies of the story over the course of a month.american library association puts out a detailed stepbystep guide on how to organize a local program，including the critical step of picking the one book.the center for the book at the library of congress tracks all known programs and the books they have used.【语篇解读】本文是说明文，介绍了美国开展的“一个城市，一本书”的读书活动。4“one city one book” programs_.aask everyone in a city to donate one book bcan rid a city of racial divide through readingcchoose short stories for people to read dencourage everyone in a city to read and discuss the same book解析细节理解题。从文章第一段第一句可知，这个活动旨在让同一个城市的人们读同一本书并共同评论这本书。答案d5we know from the second paragraph that “one city one book” programs_.abecame popular very quicklybhave been held more than 400 times in seattlecwere sponsored by the library of congressdreached its peak in 2007解析推理判断题。从文章第二段可知，当西雅图在1998年首先推出这个活动以后，其他城市也纷纷效仿，到2007年这个活动已经在400多个城市推出，可见这个活动流行得非常迅速。答案a6we can infer from the third paragraph that nancy pearl_.aexpects much from the programs bdidnt expect that the programs would run so wellchas a practical attitude towards the programs dbelieves the programs will push forward community building解析推理判断题。从文章第三段中nancy pearl的话可知，她警告人们不要对这个活动期望太多，说明她对这个活动持有十分务实的态度。答案c7what kind of role does american library association play in the programs?ait picks out the city which runs the programs well.bit gives free books to the host city.cit gives a practical guide to the programs.dit keeps a record of all known programs.解析细节理解题。从文章最后一段可知，美国图书馆协会负责具体指导活动的开展。答案c【2014界黑龙江省哈三中高三上第三次验收考试】people who averaged fewer than seven hours of sleep per night in the weeks before being exposed to the cold virus were nearly three times as likely to get sick as those who averaged eight hours or more, a new study found.researchers used frequent telephone interviews to track the sleep habits of more than 150 men and women aged 21 to 55 over the last few weeks. then they exposed the subjects to the virus, quarantined (检疫隔离) them for five days and kept track of who got sick.besides sleeping more, sleeping better also seemed to help the body fight illness: patients who fared better on a measure known as “sleep efficiency”the percentage of time in bed that youre actually sleepingwere also less likely to get sick. the results held true even after researchers adjusted for elements such as body-mass index, age, sex, smoking and pre-existing antibodies (抗体) to the virus.the researchers arent exactly sure why sleeping better makes you less likely to develop a cold. but they do try to give an answer: “sleep disturbance influences the regulation of symptom mediators (调节因子) that are released in response to infection.” in plain english, maybe tossing and turning when youre infected with the cold virus contributes to the symptoms that define a cold.the researchers were based at carnegie mellon, the university of pittsburgh and the university of virginia, and the study was funded by the national institutes of health.60. according to the passage, what does the underlined word “subjects” mean in paragraph 2? a. areas of knowledge in a school b. people being studied in an experiment c. research topics d. animals being tested 61. it is shown in the passage that _. a. the researchers obtain information about the sleep habits by frequent interviewsb. the researchers do their research in the national institutes of healthc. people hope to avoid being infected with a cold by sleeping as much as possibled. sleeping more and better helps regulate the symptom mediators62. whats the best title of the passage?a. the relationship between virus and cold b. how to sleep well c. good sleep helps fight a cold d. the more the sleep, the better your body【参考答案】60-62 bdc 【江西省上饶市2014高考英语二模试题】 people who do not get enough vitamin a in their diet may develop night blindnessbut in the developing world a lack of vitamin a causes much more serious harm to childrenthe world health organization links the lack of vitamin a to as many as 250000 child deaths every year one excellent source of vitamin a is found in sweet potatoes with orange fleshorange sweet potatoes contain high levels of beta-carotene（胡萝卜素） ,which our body can change into vitamin a experts say orange sweet potatoes specially bred （育种,培植） for growing conditions in africacould help solve the lack of vitamin a there but, first, more people will need to be persuaded to eat them jan low with the international potato center, a research organization says the sweet potato needs a better image in africa jan low says, we do have an image problem with sweet potato in general in sub-saharan africa it is seen as a crop of the poor ms low explains that sweet potatoes are mainly grown by poor women to feed their families in case another crop fails the sweet potatoes commonly grown if africa have white or yellow flesh but, more importantly, they are low in vitamin a jan low took part in a project to study how best to market orange sweet potatoes to africansshe worked on an information campaign in mozambique and ugandathe campaign included radio messages about the nutritional benefits of the orange sweet potatothey advertised its ability to” fight diseases, make you strong, clear your skin and make you look healthy in areas without radio, the campaigners spread the message through community theaterthe performances included singing, dancing and storytellingand everywhere they went, the campaigners wore orange t-shirts and hatsthey even drove orange vehiclesjan low says the color made it easier to gain public attention dan gustafson heads the washington office of the united nations food and agriculture organization he points to efforts in the past to increase the popularity of other nutritious crops he says most of these efforts failed because organizers of the campaigns did not consider what people wanted to eatbut mrgustafson sees a better chance for the efforts to increase the popularity of the orange sweet potato in africa for one thing, except for the color, the vegetable is similar to what people already use66what does the writer want to tell us in para 1? a vitamin a in food may cause night blindness b people should get enough vitamin a in their diet c the developing countries are in lack of vitamin a d vitamin a causes too many child deaths every year67according to the passage, which of the following statements is not true? a orange sweet potato contains high levels of vitamin a b jan low tries to persuade more people to eat orange sweet potato c the campaign aims to advertise the benefit of orange sweet potato d fighting diseases, making you strong, clearing your skin and making you look healthy are the ability of the orange sweet potato68jan low works for a the world health organization b the international potato center c the government of mozambique and uganda d the united nations food and agriculture organization69the underlined phrase“ points to of para 5 is closest in meaning to a lets b brings c takesd mentions70the passage mainly talks about _ a an image problem with orange sweet potato b an information campaign in sub-saharan area c the popularity of vitamin a d the function of vitamin a in peoples diet【参考答案】66-70 babda【江西省上饶市2014高考英语二模试题】 a mansion（豪宅） may symbolize the american dream but the fact is, for most immigrants, the closest one they ever get to is the neighboring bushes such is the case with 63-year-old catalino tabia, calif hes a gardener with a 6h grade education he came to america to make his dreams come true, but ended up fulfilling everyone elses“i always wanted to be somebody, tabia said“but now i just want the opportunity to help others that is why, not long ago, tabia started the bay area gardeners foundation its a charity aiming at helping smart kids like noel chavez, whose dream was to become the first in his family to graduate from collegeunfortunately, since noel is still waiting for his citizenship, hes not qualified for financial aidand after just a few months of going to school full-time and working full-time, he was ready to give in “im working too much im not going to do it its impossible but then you get some help, and thats my break the break was a $ 1,500 scholarship from the gardeners foundation in the last two years, the foundation has awarded 13 such prizes to low-income kids, regardless of citizenship and tabia plans to give out hundreds more how does a gardener come up with that kind of cash? ”i was thinking and thinking and suddenly, the clients v he said“thats where the money is coming from we work for clients with a lot of money tabia and his gardener friends just started knocking on those mansion doors-and the checks have been rolling in ever since “there might be some gardeners at your graduation, someone said to noel“im sure there will and im going to invite them, he replied tabia is now hoping this idea catches on with the gardeners around the country and whether that happens or not, and whether he realizes it or not, tabia has already finished what he came to america to dobecome somebody71why did tabia come to america? a to improve his gardening b to further his education c to become someone important d to help immigrants succeed72the bay area gardeners foundation is an organization which a provides poor immigrant students with part-time jobs b helps wise kids from low-income families realize their dreams c supports immigrants who want to buy their own big houses d assists immigrants to get american citizenship quickly73what does the underlined word “break in para4 mean? a a period of time when somebody is having a rest b an occasion when you end a relationship c an unexpected chance to do something d to split apart something74what do we know about noel? a he did a part-time job to support his own education b he never thought of giving in c he dreamed to be the first in his family to receive education d he will invite gardeners to attend his graduation ceremony75the purpose of this text is mainly to a tell how a gardener achieved success by helping othersb introduce the bay area gardeners foundationc show the concern of immigrants for educationd encourage children to grow up happily【参考答案】70-75 cbcda【2014界黑龙江省哈三中高三上第三次验收考试】the happiest cities on earthif youre looking for a cheery destination for your next vacation, consider these four spots and get ready to take notes on how to really live the good life.singapore with one of the highest population densities（密度）in the world and residents known for being workaholics, its hard to imagine the city-state of singapore having one of the happiest populations on earth. and yet in a recent survey, 95% of them said they were either very happy or quite happy.they give their city high marks for cleanliness and safetysubways are pristine (洁净的) and unfailingly arrive on time, and police are seen as helpful and good at their jobs. whats more, they feel they can count on their neighboursall 5.1 million of them.arhus, denmarkthe residents of arhus cheerfully part with 68% of their income in taxes, knowing that in return they will be guaranteed free healthcare, free daycare, and a top-notch (第一流的) education for their children.an energetic city of 300,000 with a lively cultural scene and a diverse number of religions represented, the sense of equality (the range in incomes is narrow), as well as easy access to the nearby sea and surrounding countryside, make arhus seem more