高三英语语法非谓语用法串讲课件人教版.ppt

非谓语串讲 基本知识 1 非谓语形式 不能做谓语的动词形式主谓宾 谓语动词的执行者是主语谓语动词的承受者是宾语2 分类 不定式 v ing 过去分词不定式 动名词 分词 现在 过去 动名词 相当于名词用法的v ing形式3 否定形式 not 非谓语形式 不定式 todo work tobedoing working tohavedone worked tobedone worked tohavebeendone worked 主动形式 被动形式 完成形式判断主动还是被动 非谓语形式的动词与句子主语的关系非谓语形式的动词与句子宾语的关系 宾补 非谓语形式的动词与前面名 代词的关系 复合结构 判断完成式 非谓语形式动词发生时间与句子谓语动词发生时间的前后关系pleasegetsomeonetorepairthewashingmachine iwanttogetitrepairedassoonaspossible hehadtoshouttobeheard sheissaidtohavepublished3novels thestudentsweremadetohavetheirhaircut thereisnoneedforyoutohavedrunksomuchwine v ing形式 动名词 现在分词 doing havingdone beingdone havingbeendone 主动形式 被动形式 完成形式判断主动 被动 完成形式的思路 theluckybirdescapedbeingshotbythehunter helikesdoinghishomeworkwhilelisteningtomusic theteachercamein noticingthestudentsreadingenglish ourtasknothavingbeenfinished wearenotallowedtohaveaholiday yourparticipatinginitisthegreatestsupportforus henevertalkedtousabouthishavingstayedinchangyuan 过去分词形式 规则和不规则动词 done worked判断被动和完成形式的思路seenfromthehilltop thevillagelookssobeautiful thesuggestionsenttothecommitteewasadopted everythingtakenintoconsideration theyoughttohaveanotherchance thebuildingtobebuilt beingbuiltissaidtohavebeendesignedbyqinghuadesigninginstitute theboylayonthegrassland withhishandscrossedunderhishead withhiseyeslookingatthesky 非谓语形式的属性 不定式 主动 将要发生 具体一次 目的动名词 动作行为的名称 概念做定语表事物的用途现在分词 主动 进行 惯常行为过去分词 被动 完成 非谓语形式用法综述 有关不定式的几组动词用法1 不定式做以下动词的宾语补足语时 不带to五看二听三使一感觉 see watch notice observe lookat hear listento have let make feel 以上动词为被动时 宾补为带to不定式wehaveneverobservedhimdootherwise 2 不带to的几个句式 hadbetter wouldrather sooner than cannotbut cannothelpbut candonothingbut havenothingtodobut why not dosth 3 主语中含do的各种形式时 做表语的不定式to可省去 whatwehavetodoisfinishthetaskontime 4 seem appear prove turnout consider 认为 后接的tobe可省themanturnedout tobe acheat 5 advise allow permit forbid recommend接动词 有二种形式 hismeanspermithimtolivecomfortably tospeeduptraining theschoolpermitsskipping 6 try remember forget mean stop consider regret goon cannothelp后接todo和doing 意义不同 you dbetterstoparguinganddoasyouaretold 7 不定式表目的时 todo inordertodo soastodo其否定nottodo inordernottodo soasnottodo8 后接动词时 只能是不定式形式的常见动词 agree ask aim arrange choose decide demand expect fail happen 碰巧 help hope long manage offer plan prepare pretend promise refuse wish等theypretendedtobeworkingveryhard 2 不定式表结果的结构 onlytodo 不料 nevertodo 再没有 so adj adv astodo 如此 以至于 such n astodo 如此的 以至于 too adj adv todo 太 而不能 too anxious eager readytodoonly all but not never too todo时表肯定意义 itissuchasadstoryastoarouseoursympathy youknowbuttoowelltoholdyourtongue iamtooanxioustoknowthetestresult 3 不定式主动表被动的句式i mtoblame thehouseistolet muchremainstodo thatremainstobeseen thequestionsarehardtounderstand shehasalotofletterstowrite pleasegivemesomepapertowriteon thehouseneeds wants requirespainting tobepainted thebookisworthreading theboydeservedpunishing tobepunished theclothwasheseasily 4 不定式的其它几个结构形式1 thelast first latesttocome2 疑问词 不定式结构who what which when where whether how todo作主语 宾语 表语等whenandwheretogohasnotdecided thequestionwaswheretogetthemedicineneeded 3 表未能实现的愿望 期待和计划时 用不定式完成式hehadhopedtopasstheexam hehopedtohavepassedtheexam 4 须用不定式做定语的几个名词ability determination ambition attempt desire effort failure refusal todo等theirrefusaltosignthecontracthasputusinabitofabind idea habit method purpose ofdoinghereturnedtohishomelandwiththepurposeofservinghisownpeople 5 to是介词的几个短语beused accustomedto payattentionto lookforward back upto bedevotedto beaddictedto befamiliarto beequalto beopposedto berelatedto payavisitto getdownto helponeselfto accordingto appealto accessto due owing thanksto applyto attendto belongto contributeto leadto occurto stickto referto objectto drinkto turnto next closeto liveupto seetoimustseetogettingthedinnerready 6 有关动名词的几个句式itisawasteoftimedoingsth itisnogood usedoingsth itisworth worthwhiledoingsth thereisnouse goodindoingsth thereisnosense pointindoingsth thereisnothingworsethandoingsth thereisnoneedtodosth 7 接动词时只接动名词形式的动词承认完成难想象 喜欢推迟不原谅 建议冒险要避免 牵涉实践m3 admit acknowledge deny finish complete imagine fancyenjoy appreciate envy delay postpone putoff excuse pardon forgivesuggest advise risk avoid escapeinvolve practise miss mind mentionhegrudgingly 勉强地 acknowledgedhavingmadeamistake 8 有关动名词的几个结构 feellikedoing想做 on upondoing一 就 nodoing 禁止 itgoeswithoutsayingthat 是不用说的itisneedlesstosaythat beon upon atthepointofdoing快要 makeapointofdoing认为 是重要的 never not withoutdoing没有 而不 ineverseeherwithoutthinkingofhermother wheneveriseeher ithinkofhermother come goneardoing几乎要 快要come gotodoinghewentnearbeingdrowned whatdoyousaytodoing what howaboutdoing can thelp avoid resistdoing忍不住 不得不 havetrouble difficulty in doinghaveagood hardtime in doing takegreattroubletodohaveagood hardtimenottodohewassofunnythatihadahardtimenottoburstoutlaughing farfromdoing远非 绝非iamfarfromblaminghim hisworkisfarfromperfect godoing fishing bathing running boating shooting dancing diving hiking shopping climbing walking hunting etc 9 几个短语比较fallenleaves fallingleavesboiledwater boilingwaterdeveloped developingcountriesalearnedmanareturnedsoldieraretiredteacherthecomingweekthefollowingquestions therising settingsunahard workingpeoplethemeat eatinganimalstheenglish speakingcountriesagood lookingladyawell dressedman 10 几个句式补充 非谓语形式的简略回答i dliketo i dliketohave havesb sth dohavesb sth doinghavesb sth done start begintodo doingtheleaves 物 begantogetyellow lucyisbeginning 进行 tocookdinner tonybegantowonder 心理活动 whohaddoneit face look expression voice smile的定语 独立主格结构weatherpermitting thetaskhavingbeendone withtheguideleadingus withhiseyeslookingatthesky withhishandscrossedunderhisheadstickinhand therebeingnowater 悬垂结构 judgingfrom 从 判断suppose supposing 假如considering 考虑到 鉴于given 考虑到 假如provided providing 如果 假如generally franklyspeaking 1 allowingforthetrainbeinglate weshouldbebackby10 30 2 consideringthathehasbeeninchinaforonlyayear hespeakschinesewell 3 judgingfromhisexpression he sinabadmood 4 broadlyspeaking dogsaremorefaithfultomanthancats 5 generallyspeaking mencanrunfasterthanwomen 6 strictlyspeaking it snotallowed butwewon tpreventit 7 speakingoffirearms thekalashnikovhasapparentlyundergonemodificationsrecently 8 talkingofairplanes howmanydowehaveinourcountry 9 simplystated he safool 10 puttingitmildly toputitmildly youhavecausedussomeinconvenience 有些分词因为其语义和用法与介词或连接词极为相似 实际上已用作介词和连接词了 常见的有assuming barring concerning considering excepting given failing granted granting including provided providing regarding seeing supposing等 1 assuming if theproposalisaccepted whenarewegoingtogetthemoney 2 thewholegroupwasattheparty barring except john 3 co