南理工口译英语考试复习.doc

4.3 Fortune 500 companies （财富500强）For 45 years, Fortune magazine has been ranking the largest companies in the United States. The result is their annual “Fortune 500” list. Sometimes people will refer to the top 100 companies on the list as the “Fortune 100”.Essentially, the magazine lists the U.S. based corporations with the largest revenue in the past year. Fortune calculates revenue using publicly available data, therefore private companies, i.e., those whose stock is not traded on a public market, are excluded. U.S. subsidiaries of foreign companies are also excluded.“Fortune 500” companies are among the biggest, most profitable, and most powerful companies in America. In terms of profits even the bottom end of the Fortune 500 list isnt too shabby. On last years list, the company at the bottom still had a respectable sum of over $3 billion.While the “Fortune 500” is limited to American companies, the magazine also publishes the “Global 500”, which ranks publicly held companies from around the world. Of course, because the U.S. dominates as much of the global economy, many Fortune 500 companies rank high in the “Global 500” too.Fortune magazine also publishes other lists, such as the “100 Best Companies to work for” and the “100 Fastest-Growing Companies”. Its an interesting exercise to compare all the lists and see where companies overlap. For example, the No. 1 company to work for may not rank on the “Fortune 500” at all. With the top companies on both the U.S. and worldwide 500 lists, you wont find them on either of the most admired companies list. Maybe the Beatles were right money cant buy you love.45年来，财富杂志一直给美国的大公司排名，这就是一年一度的“财富500强”，有时也将前100名称为“财富100强”。 上榜的上市公司基本上都是头年收入名列前茅的美国本土公司。财富杂志根据上市公司的公开数据来计算收入，未上市公司没有列入，因为他们的股票没有公开发行。国外公司在美的分公司也不参与排名。“财富500强”公司是美国规模最大、利润最多、实力最强的公司。讲到收入，即使500强排最后一名的公司也财大气粗，如去年排名最末的公司收入也超过30亿美元。除了介绍美国公司的“财富500强”，财富杂志还推出了“全球500强”，给各国的上市公司排名。当然，由于美国经济在全球经济中的地位，许多“财富500强”的美国公司也高居“全球500强”的榜首。财富杂志也推出其他排名，如“100家受雇条件最佳公司”，“100家增长最快的公司”等。比较各种排名看看哪些公司重复上榜，是很有意思的事。比如，在“100家受雇条件最佳公司”榜上排名第一的公司可能根本不在“财富500强”之列。而排在“财富美国500强”和“世界500强”前列的公司，却上不了“最受人尊敬的公司”排行榜。也许甲壳虫乐队说得对爱是不能用金钱买来的。4.4 艾滋病的防治艾滋病已经成为中国社会发展中的一个相当严重的问题。有些人是意外感染上艾滋病的，比如在医院里输了受污染的血，婴儿从母亲身上传染了艾滋病，有些是因为接触不合适的性伴侣。自从1985年我们发现第一个艾滋病患者，目前全国进入了艾滋病快速传染期。根据专家估计，到去年底，全国已经有90多万艾滋病病毒感染者。如果我们不采取有效的措施，那么到2010年，这个数字将要翻一番。首先是因为贫穷，缺少预防艾滋病的教育与知识。其次是缺乏常识。对这个问题毫不在意。再其次是因为他们缺乏培训，资金以及信息资源。根据报道，我们到目前还没有医治艾滋病的有效药物。Well, in China, HIV/AIDS has become a very serious problem related to social development. Thereve been cases of people being accidentally infected with HIV/ AIDS, through accepting polluted blood from hospitals, babies acquiring the disease from their mothers, having improper sexual relationships. From the time we discovered the first AIDS infections. Experts estimate that more than 900,000 people had been infected with HIV by the end of last year. If we dont take some efficient measures, this number will double by 2010. First, because of poverty, people lack education and information about the prevention of HIV/ AIDS. Second, ignorance. People do not pay much attention to this problem. Third, they lack proper resources, things like training, money and information. According to reports, we still do not have an efficient medicine to cure HIV/ AIDS.6.4 外交为民最近我从西方报刊上看到一组数字。我们一起看看“中国威胁论”到底是有道理，还是非常荒唐可笑的。2004年，美国国防开支是4,559亿美元，占美国去年国内生产总值的3.9%。而中国的国防费用去年是2,117亿元人民币，占中国国内生产总值的1.6%。这就是说，美国国防开支是中国的17.8倍。同样是去年，美国人均国防开支1,540美元，中国人均国防开支大约是20美元，美国是中国的77倍。2003年美国军费占全球军费总额的47%，超过除美国外的25个军费大国当年军费支出的总和，还是联合国安理会其他4个常任理事国军费总和的3.5倍。中国走的是和平发展道理，中国外交的出发点和归宿都是维护和平。我相信所有尊重事实的人都会看到，中国是世界上一支维护和平的坚定力量。v Recently, I came across a group of figures form a western newspaper. Lets take a look at them together to see whether the “China threat theory” makes sense or is nothing but ridiculous nonsense. In 2004, the defense expenditure of the US was US$455.9 billion, accounting for 3.9%of its GDP, while that of China in the same year was only RMB211.7billion, making up 1.6% of Chinas GDP. The US defense expenditure was 17.8 times that of China.v In 2004, the per capita defense expenditure in the US was US$1,540while that of China was about US$20, with the US figure being 77 times that of China. In 2003, the US defense expenditure accounted for 47%fo the global total, exceeding the total of the other 25 countries in the world with the largest defense expenditures. The figure was also 3.5 times the total sum of the defense expenditure of the other four permanent members of the Security Council.v China follow the road of peaceful development. To maintain peace is both the starting point and the purpose of Chinese diplomacy. I believe that all those who respect the truth will see China as a staunch force for peace in the world.8.1US Vice presidents speech at Fudan UniversityThank you very much, Mr. Mayor. I appreciate your kind words of introduction and were delighted to be here today. My wife and I are privileged to have the opportunity once again to travel in china. We are grateful for the welcome we have received, especially for the kind of reception here at Fudan University. We thank you for the honor and we bring you good wishes from President Gorge W. Bush and the people of the United States. I know that many of you will soon graduate from this great university. I am told the standards are extremely demanding here, and degree from Fudan University simplifies years of hard work and discipline. I congratulate each one of you on your achievement, and I commend your teachers for upholding the tradition of excellence that marks 99-history of Fudan University.美国副总统复旦演讲市长先生，非常感谢您！谢谢您做介绍时的友好言辞。今天我们很高兴来到这里。我和我夫人为有这次机会再次来到中国访问感到荣幸。感谢贵国对我们的欢迎，特别感谢复旦大学的热情接待。我们为此感到不胜荣幸，谢谢你们！我们此行带来了布什总统和美国人民的良好祝愿。我知道在座的许多人很快就要从这所优秀的大学毕业。我听说贵校有极为严格的标准，得到复旦大学的学位代表着多年的刻苦攻读和自我约束。我祝贺在座各位学业有成。对各位老师坚持复旦大学99年追求卓越的传统我深表钦佩。8.2王光亚在普林斯顿大学的演讲开场白女士们、先生们：晚上好。 很荣幸应邀到普林斯顿大学参加你们的研讨会。对我本人、我的同事及许多中国人来讲，普林斯顿大学的名字早已是耳熟能详。她的历史比这个国家还长，从这个校园里走出了美国第28任总统伍德罗威尔逊、伟大科学家爱因斯坦、著名诗人T.S.艾略特等众多杰出人物。正如前总统克林顿先生在1996年普大建校250周年时所说：“在美国历史上的每一个紧要关头，普林斯顿大学及其师生都发挥了关键作用。”令人高兴的是，在座诸位对中国事务都抱有研究兴趣。虽然我们两国地理上相距万里，但在日常生活中却非常相近。好莱坞影片、麦当劳快餐成了许多中国人生活中的内容。而中国加工的服装、日用品也天天伴随着美国人民。我希望通过今天的交流，能增进在座诸位对中国和中国外交政策的了解，为未来彼此的友谊与合作锦上添花。Ladies and Gentlemen,Good evening.It is an honor for me to be invited to your seminar tonight. For me, for my colleagues and many other Chinese, Princeton has long been a familiar name. With a history longer than the country, it has produced many outstanding people, Woodrow Wilson, the 28th US President, Albert Einstein, the great scientist, and T. S. Eliot, the famous poet, to name but a few. As the former President Bill Clinton said in 1996 in celebration of the 250 anniversary of Princeton: At every pivotal moment in American history, Princeton, its leadership, its students have played a crucial role.I am more pleased to learn that all of you have a keen interest in China. Though our two countries are geographically far apart, we have lots in common. While many Chinese enjoy Hollywood movies and McDonalds fast food, many Americans find that their clothes and daily necessities are made in China. I hope that todays seminar will help you gain a better understanding of China and its foreign policy, thus further deepening our friendship and cooperation.8.4 温总理在世界旅游大会上的发言（必考） 中国是一个历史悠久的文明古国，也是一个充满时代生机的东方大国，拥有许多得天独厚的旅游资源。自然风光旖旎秀美，历史文化博大精深，56个民族风情浓郁，目前已被列入世界文化遗产地和世界自然遗产地达29处。在改革开放的推动下，现代化建设突飞猛进，城乡面貌日新月异。古代中国的风采神韵与现代中国的蓬勃英姿交相辉映。这些都为发展国内外旅游创造了优越的条件。 21世纪头20年，是中国全面建设小康社会, 加快推进社会主义现代化的重要战略机遇期，也是中国旅游业发展的有利时期。我们要把旅游业培育成为中国国民经济的重要产业，合理保护和利用旅游资源，努力实现旅游业的可持续发展。中国政府欢迎各国朋友到中国旅游观光，我们将全力保障广大旅游者健康和安全；同时鼓励更多的中国人走向世界。我们愿同各国广泛开展合作，推动世界旅游业的发展。 As a country with a civilization of a long history, China is also a big oriental country full of modern vitality, not to mention its unique, rich and varied tourism resources. Besides the picturesque natural scenery, profound history and extensive culture, China embodies the different folk customs of 56 nationalities. Currently, there are 29 places that have been listed as World Cultural and Natural Heritage sites. Thanks to the further push by the opening up and reform, chinas modern construction is surging ahead, and the cities and the country are experiencing daily changes. The ancient glory of China and its modern boom add radiance and charm to each other, joining to create most favorable conditions for developing our domestic and international tourism. The first 20 years of the 21st century represent an important strategic period for China to achieve the all-round construction of a well-off society and to speed up its socialism modernization. It also provides a favorable time for the further development of Chinas tourism industry. We shall promote tourism as an important industry in Chinas national economy, properly protect and utilize our tourism resources and try to achieve sustainable tourism development. The Chinese government welcomes all international friends to visit China, We shall do our best to protect their health and safety; and at the same time encourage more Chinese people to go abroad for visits. We are ready to develop extensive cooperation with other countries and contribute to global tourism growth.10.3 speech at inauguration of new facility12.2Extreme sports(必考)12.4中国菜肴我们常用“色香味形”来形容中国的菜肴。由于不仅要味香，而且还有色佳，形美，因而十分注重食物的审美情趣。中餐烹饪的技艺主要包括原料的选配，作料的调制，刀功，调料，火候和烹饪技巧。中国的烹饪风格一般可以归为四大烹饪派系，它们都具有各种鲜明的特点。鲁菜作为中国北方菜系代表，通常较咸，汁色普遍较浅。川菜最大的特点是口味重，以麻辣著称。粤菜在发展过程中借鉴了西餐烹调的精华。扬州菜以江苏省的扬州，南京，苏州等地的地方菜为基础，注重选料的原汁原味。