9A Unit 1 Ancient Greece 知识点.doc

精品文档9A Unit 1 Ancient Greece 知识点1. luck n. 运气 Wish you good luck！ 祝你好运！ lucky adj. 好运的；幸运的 He is lucky to pass all the tests.他很幸运通过了所有的考试 luckily adv. 幸运地 Luckily，he passed all the tests.幸运的是，他通过了所有的考试。2. history n. I can use my computer to learn about a famous person from history. 我在电脑上可以读到某个历史名人的文章。historical adj. 历史的；历史上The Great Wall is a famous historical place in the world.3. at a time = each time; on each occasion 每次The doctor asked my mother to take medicine three times a day and two pills at a time. 医生让我妈妈每天服药三次，每次两片。4. disappear vi. ：become impossible to see消失appear vi. 出现5. no longer= not any longer不再 My father gave up smoking . He is no longer a smoker.父亲戒烟了。他不再是烟民了。 =My father gave up smoking. He isnt a smoker any longer. He broke his leg and could no longer walk.他把腿摔断了，不能再走了。 =He broke his leg and could not walk any longer.6. go up the stairs= go upstairs上楼7. seconds later = moments later , after a while 不一会儿 Seconds later, she finished making rice dumplings.不一会儿，她就包好了粽子。8. look down at向下看 反义词：look up at 抬头看 He looked down at his shoes. They were very dirty.他低头看了看他的鞋子。鞋子很脏。 He looked up at the bright stars. 他抬头看着明亮的星星。look for 寻找Jane is looking for her key everywhere. 珍妮在到处寻找她的钥匙。look at 看。Please look at the blackboard.请看黑板。look after=take care of; care for 照顾We must learn to look after ourselves.我们须学会照顾自己look up 查阅 He looked up all the new words in the dictionary.他在词典里查阅了所有的生词。look out = be careful 当心 Look out! There is a car coming. 当心！有车过来了。9. empty adj. 空的 反义词：full adj. 满的 This is an empty box. 10. take sth. with sb. 随身带走了某物 When you get off the car, dont forget to take your belongings with you. 下车时，别忘了带走你的随身物品。11. main adj. 主要的The horse must go through the main gate. 那马必须经过那扇大门。mainly adv. 主要地 This text mainly tells us how we should learn a foreign language. 这篇课文主要告诉我们如何学习外语。12. wood n. Wood can be used to make furniture.木头可用来造家具。wooden adj. Its a wooden ball, not a metal ball. 这是一个木头球，不是金属球。13. difficult adj. This is a difficult problem.这是个难题。difficulty n. There is a lot of difficulty in finishing the task.完成这个任务有许多困难。14.on wheels 在轮子上The wooden horse is on wheels. 这木马是在轮子上。15. maybe = perhaps adv. 也许；可能 Maybe he is right. 也许他是对的。may be 可能是 = He may be right. 16. want (sb.) to do sth 想（让某人）做某事= would like (sb.) to do sth. Do you want to visit the museum next week? 你想下周去参观博物馆吗？ = Would you like to visit the museum next week?17. interrupt sb. 打断某人 The captain interrupted him. 长官打断了他的话。 Im sorry to interrupt, but theres someone to see you. 对不起打断一下，有人要见你。18. obey orders服从命令 A soldiers duty is to obey orders.士兵的职责是服从命令。19. city n. 城市 citizen n. 市民；公民；居民All the citizens of Shanghai can enjoy the party. She is American by birth but is now an Australian citizen 她出生于美国，但现在是澳大利亚公民。20. celebrate v.庆祝 I celebrated my birthday with a big party.我举行派对来庆祝我的生日。 celebration n.21.dance around the horse 围着马跳舞22. make a joke / jokes about sth. / sb. 拿某事(某人)开玩笑; 取笑某人play a joke / jokes on sb. 拿某人开玩笑My classmates like to make jokes about me at lunchtimes.同学们喜欢在午餐时间开我的玩笑。23. enemy n. 敌人 enemies (复数)24. stupid adj. : foolish; silly 愚蠢的 反义词： clever ; bright ; wise ; intelligent ; smart25. make sure 确信。 We will make sure all the windows are securely locked. 我们将确信所有的窗牢牢地锁住。26.be securely locked被牢牢地锁住 = be safely locked27.go to sleep 入睡；睡着 He didnt go to sleep until his mother came back.直到母亲回来，他才入睡。28. include v. 包括；包含The tour included a visit to the Science Museum. 这次游览包括参加科技馆。including prep.包括。在内Ive got a three-day holiday including New Years Day. 包括元旦在内，我有三天的假日。29. by midnight到半夜时为止 by + 过去的时间状语，用过去完成时 By the end of last year, they had read five English stories.30. except prep. 除。之外，即不把被排除的事物包括在内 except for 常指在两种非同类事物中排除其中的一种 except that 用来表示理由或细节，修正前面所说的情况，其后须接从句besides prep.“除。之外还有”，相当于in addition to例：He works every day except Sunday. 除了星期天之外，他每天都上班。This is a very nice car except for its high price. 这是一辆非常漂亮的车，只是价格太高了。It was a good restaurant except that it was rather noisy.这家餐馆不错，就是有点儿吵。=It was a good restaurant except for its noise.Besides English, I also like Chinese and P.E.除了英语，我还喜欢语文和体育。31. another hour = one more hour 又一小时注意：another + 数字 + 名词复数 = 数字 + more + 名词复数如：another two chairs = two more chairs 另外两把椅子32. secret adj. 秘密的；n. 秘密 a secret place一个秘密的地方Its a secret between you and me. secretary n. 秘书 He is a secretary of the manager.他是经理的秘书。33. climb out 爬出去34. return vi = come back 回来 The man returned to his office. 那人回到了办公室。 vt.= give back 归还 Have you returned the book to the library?你把书还给图书馆了吗？35.in the darkness 在黑暗中 I couldnt see anything in the darkness.在黑暗中我什么也看不见。36. enter vi. = come or go into 进入 entrance n 入口处 This is the entrance to the exhibition hall.这是展览会的入口处。37. seize v. 抓住，捉住：capture 攻占；夺取38. by doing sth. 通过做某事 We can save water by not washing vegetables under a running tap.39. in one night 在一夜间40. succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事 = be successful in doing sth. = manage to do sth. = be able to do sth. succeed v. Our plan succeeded. success n. 成功；胜利 What he did is a great success. successful adj. He is a successful businessman. 他是个成功的商人。41. through a trick 凭借一个计谋 The Greeks succeeded in capturing the city through a trick.希腊人利用计谋占领了这个城市。42. leavebehind 留下 （leave, left, left） Dont leave any rubbish behind when your picnic is over. 当野餐结束时，别留下垃圾。43. be / fall asleep 睡着； 入睡 ( fall, fell, fallen )44. make the bed 整理床铺 lay the table 摆放桌子（准备吃饭）45. fix the chair = repair the chair (fix, fixed, fixed) 修理椅子46. offer sb.sth. = offer sth. to sb. 给某人提供某物offer to do sth.主动提出做某事 He offered to help me with my English.他提出帮我复习英语。47. be busy doing sth. / be busy with sth. 忙于(做)某事 Im busy going over my lessons thesr days.这几天我忙于复习功课。48. give sb. a hand = do sb. a favour帮某人一个忙 Would you please give me a hand?你能帮我一个忙吗？49. all the time = always 一直 Dont be so independent all the time. 不要总是那么独立。50. depend v. 依靠 dependent adj. 依靠的；没有主见的 independent adj. 独立的；有主见的51.accept v. 接受；认可 We all accepted his offer. 我们都接受了他的帮助。52.refuse : reject v. 拒绝； 回绝 He refused my invitation. 他拒绝了我的邀请。53.Its so big that they couldnt take it with them. 句型： so that “如此。 以至于”。它的常见用法如下： so + 形容词或副词 + that He is so boring that nobody would like to talk to him. 他很无聊，以至于没人能赶上他。 so + 形容词 + a (n ) + 单数可数名词 + that This is so interesting a story that all the people want to read it again. so + many 或 few +a复数可数名词 + that注意：so that 否定句可以和too to或 not enough to进行句型转换There are so many books that I dont know which one to choose. so + much 或 little + 不可数名词 + thatThere is so little milk in the fridge that we must buy some.Grammar ： The Present Perfect Tense 现 在 完 成 时一、构成形式: have / has +过去分词二、现在完成时的含义：1、现在完成时用以表示过去发生的动作或存在的状况对现在有影响或产生结果。I have bought a new pair of trousers. ( Now I have a new pair of trousers. )She has lost her earrings. ( Now she has no earrings.)I have just had breakfast. ( Im not hungry now. )现在完成时常与already、 just 、yet 、never、 ever、recently等连用。如：A: Have you ever read this book?B: No, Ive never read it.A: Have you seen the film yet?B: Yes, I have already seen it. / No, I havent seen it yet. He has just gone to the library.just 发生在短暂的过去,放在行为动词之前.already 用于肯定句, .yet用于否定句和疑问句ever “曾经”，相当于at any time。 如： Have you ever been to New York? -Yes, twic. / No, never. Its the most beautiful building I have ever seen.never “从不”， 相当于not at any time。如： I have never seen such a wonderful film before.I have never met a kinder man.2.表示从过去开始并一直持续到现在已有一段时间的动作或状态。(1) 与 recently, so far, up to now, in the past (last) 等连用。Two bus stations have been built in the past two months.So far, we have learned three units.(2) 与today, this morning, this month, this year等连用。Mr. Li has taught four lessons this month.The shop has sold about 200 washers this year.(3)与since、for、How long连用。for 后接某个时间段，用来说明动作持续的时间长度，只能与持续性的动词连用。They havent seen each other for more than 20 years. since 意为“自从”,后接某个时间点，用来说明动作起始的时间。since 的四种用法参见下表： since + 过去的某个时间点（如具体的年、月、 日、钟点等）He has lived in Beijing since 2000.他从2000年起九住在北京。since + 一段时间 + agoWe have been here since five minutes ago.从五分钟前开始，我们就在这里。since + 从句Great changes have taken place since you left.从你离开之后就发生了巨变。It is + 一段时间 + since从句It is two years since you became a doctor.从你成为一名医生算起，以仅有两年了。注意：对for、since时间状语的提问用How long?(1)The speaker has talked for about two hours.(2)He has taught Chinese in the language school since he came to London.Fill the blanks with “since”or “for”.1.We have lived in Pudong _1994.2.The film has been on _ten minutes.3.John has been a soldier _a year.4.Tom has had a fever _the day before yesterday.对划线部分提问1.He has been a top fashion designer for a couple of years.2.The Smiths have lived in Shanghai since they came to China in 1980.3.My cousin has been to the South Pole three times.时态填空：1. These young men _in the army for three years.(be)2. He _a book on physics for the last six months.(write)3. The old man _in the same house since he was born.(live)4. I cant find my dictionary. I think maybe someone_it by mistake.(take)5. Mr. Green _on the computer for 12 hours. Now he is too tired to go to his friends dinner party. (work)6. The rain _.(stop) Shall we go on with our volleyball match?7. Hi, Mike! I_(receive)your invitation. Thank you very much! Illcome on time.8. They _(not leave) because their schoolbags are still in their desk.9. The lady has been to the shop several times,but she_(never buy) anything10. Mum, I _(lay) the table. Is dinner ready?(4) have been in+地点(持续呆在某地)e.g. He has been in Shanghai for 3 years.have been to +地点(去过某地)e.g. He has been to London twice.have gone to +地点(去了某地,仍在某地)e.g. He has gone to Canada. (He isnt here now.)Has she ever been to the Summer Palace?Has she gone to the Summer Palace?Fill the blanks with “have / has gone to” or “ have / has been ton/ in”.1. How long _you _Australia?2. Your mother isnt in the office. She _the airport to see your father off.3. She tells me that she _China twice.4. A:Where _ (be) the Browns? B: They _(go) to Canada for holiday.注意：延续性时间状语（for/since)必须与延续性动词连用。 瞬间动词 延续性动词 瞬间动词 延续性动词go / leave be away from come / arrive be in / atdie be dead join be a member of / be in buy have borrow keepbegin / start be on finish / end be overput on wear catch a cold have a coldfall ill be ill保持句子原意，改写下面的句子。1. The old man died ten years ago.The old man _ _ _ for ten years.2. She came here a while ago. She _ _ here for a while.3. The film began ten minutes ago.The film _ _ _ for ten minutes.4. James bought the watch a month ago. James _ _ the watch for a month.5 .He left two hours ago. He _ _ _ for two hours.6. I borrowed this novel last month. I _ _ this novel for a month.*结构:1. It is the first/second/third/time +(that)中须与现在完成时连用。 It is the first time I have been here.It is the third time that he has seen the play.2. Its +一段时间+since +that +从句.Its three years since he came to Shanghai.*现在完成时与一般过去时的比较:1.现在完成时强调过去发生的动作与现在的联系，对现在的影响。2.一般过去时强调过去发生的动作或状态，与现在没有联系。They have closed down the restaurant .They closed down the restaurant yesterday.Whos taken away my umbrella? I cant find it anywhere.Oh, Sally took it away just now. I have learned a lot from the farmers.I learned a lot from the farmers while I was on the farm.9A Unit 1 Ancient Greece 课本基础知识自测题I. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms 1 Pyramids is one od the most famous_places in the world. (history)2 The man _ in the darkness. (appear)3 My parents came down the _(stair), then said to me.4 All the _ in Shanghai must help to fight pollution. (city)5 The book tells you how to _ in business. (success)6 The car waited at the front _. (enter)7 Make sure your seat belt is _locked. (secure)8. Jane works as a _ in that company. (secret)9. We can protect the environment by _ against pollution. (fight)10. People all went to sleep, _ the captain. (include)11. The farmer _ the horse into the city. (drag)12. The _ horse burned quickly. (wood)13. Do you know the _ of the Jing Mao Building? (high)14. In one night, the Greeks _in capturing the city through a trick. (success)15. The baby fell _ at last. (sleep)II. Rewrite the following sentences as required.1.The boy is so strong that he can carry the heavy box himself.（保持句子意思不变） The boy is strong _ _ carry the box himself.2. The problem is too difficult for us to work out. （保持句子意思不变） The problem is _ difficult _ we cant work it out. The problem isnt _ _for us to work out.3. My father is so tall that he can reach the book on the shelf. （保持句子意思不变） My father is _ _ to reach the book on the shelf.4. Betty is very honest. Everyone wants to make friends with her. （保持句子意思不变） Betty is _ honest _ everyone wants to make friends with her.5. The box on the shelf is so heavy that the boy cant carry it. （保持句子意思不变） The box on the shelf isnt _ _ for the boy to carry. The box on the shelf is _heavy _ the boy to carry.6. The old fisherman was too weak to go fishing any more. （保持句子意思不变） The old fisherman wasnt _ _ to go fishing any more. The old fisherman was _weak _he couldnt fish any more.7. The price of the flat is so high that many people cant afford it now. （保持句子意思不变） The price of the flat is _ _ for many people to afford. The price of the flat isnt _ _for many people to afford.8. The horse was so big that nobody could take it with him. （保持句子意思不变） The horse was _ big for _ to take. The horse wasnt _ _for _ to take.9. He has to work hard to pass the exam. （改成否定句） He _ _ to work hard to pass the exam.10. Soldiers have to obey orders. （改成反意疑问句） Soldiers have to obey orders, _ _?11. After many years hard work, they were able to finish the task. （保持句子意思不变） After many years hard work, they _ _finish the task. After many years hard work, they _ _ finishing the task. After many years hard work, they _ _ _finish the task.12. I have never talked to a foreigner. （改成一般疑问句） _ you _ talked to a foreigner?13. I have been in the Science Club since 1997. (对划线部分提问) _ _ have you been in the Science Club?14. The old man left his hometown ten years ago. （保持句子意思不变） The old man _ _ _ from his hometown for ten years.III.Put the verb in the present perfect tense or simple past tense. （用所给动词现在完成时或一般过去式填空）1. Where is your mother? She _(go) to the supermarket.2. The guests _(just arrive) here. They _(arrive)here just now.3. The story _(happen) in a small village on a winter mor