高考英语语法填空和阅读理解精品练习（4） (2).doc

2016高考英语语法填空和阅读理解精品练习（4）in an ideal world，people would not test medicines on animals.such experiments are stressful and sometimes painful for animals，and expensive and timeconsuming for people.yet animal experimentation is still needed to help bridge vast gaps in medical knowledge.that is why there are some 50 to 100 million animals used in research around the world each year.europe，on the whole，has the worlds most restrictive laws on animal experiments.even so，its scientists use some 12 million animals a year，most of them mice and rats，for medical research.official statistics show that just 1.1 million animals are used in research in america each year.but that is misleading.the american authorities do not think mice and rats are worth counting and，as these are the most common laboratory animals，the true figure is much higher.japan and china have even less comprehensive data than america.now europe is reforming the rules governing animal experiments by restricting the number of animals used in labs.alternatives to animal testing，such as using human tissue or computer models，are now strongly recommended.in addition，sharing all research results freely should help to reduce the number of animals for scientific use.at present，scientists often share only the results of successful experiments.if their findings do not fit the hypothesis being tested，the work never sees the light of day.this practice means wasting time，money，and animals lives in endlessly repeating the failed experiments. animal experimentation has taught humanity a great deal and saved countless lives.it needs to continue，even if that means animals sometimes suffer.europes new measures should eventually both reduce the number of animals used in experiments and improve the way in which scientific research is conducted.【语篇解读】用动物进行试验被人们的舆论推向了风口浪尖，然而，受诸多因素的影响，终止动物试验的道路依然任重而道远。尽管欧洲有严格的法律限制，但是仍然需要另找突破口。1what is the main idea of this passage?athe success of animal experiments should be ensured.ba ban on the use of animals in the lab should be enforced.cgreater efforts need to be taken to reduce the number of lab animals.dscientists should be required to share their research results with each other.解析主旨大意题。文章第一段指出用动物进行试验难以杜绝的原因，第二段提到欧洲对动物试验的法律限制的效果并不理想，第三段讲了欧洲为限制动物试验所作的努力，最后一段提到欧洲的新措施应该既要减少用于试验的动物的数量，又要改善科学研究的方法，所以c项最能概括文章大意。答案c2which of the following statements is true about animals used in the lab?aamerica uses only about 1.1 million lab animals per year.beurope does not use mice and rats as lab animals at all.cbritain does not use as many lab animals as china does.djapan has limited data on the number of lab animals used each year.解析正误判断题。第二段的最后一句提到日本和中国与美国的数据相比甚至更不全面，由此可推知日本对每年用于实验室动物的数据记录有限。 答案d3which of the following is mentionad as an alternative to replace animal experiments?astatistical studies.bcomputer models.cdna planted in animals.dtissue from dead animals.解析细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的内容可知可用“人体组织”和“电脑模型”来取代动物试验。答案b4what usually happens to unsuccessful animal experiments?athey are not revealed to the public.bthey are made into teaching materials.cthey are collected for future publication.dthey are not removed from the research topic list.解析推理判断题。根据第三段中的倒数第二、第三句可知，科学家们只分享成功的试验，如果结果与假设不符，所做的工作将永不公开。由此可推断不成功的试验不会展示给公众。答案a【阅读理解】 as a young boy, i sometimes traveled the country roads with my dad. he was a rural mail carrier, and on saturdays he would ask me to go with him. driving through the countryside was always an adventure: there were animals to see, people to visit, and chocolate cookies if you knew where to stop, and dad did.in the spring, dad delivered boxes full of baby chickens, and when i was a boy it was such fun to stick your fingers through one of the holes of the boxes and let the baby birds peck on your fingers.on dads final day of work, it took him well into the evening to complete his rounds because at least one member from each family was waiting at their mailboxes to thank him for his friendship and his years of service.“two hundred and nineteen mailboxes on my route，” he used to say, “and a story at every one.” one lady had no mailbox, so dad took the mail in to her every day because she was nearly blind. once inside, he read her mail and helped her pay her bills.mailboxes were sometimes used for things other than mail. one note left in a mailbox read, “nat, take these eggs to marian; shes baking a cake and doesnt have any eggs.” mailboxes might be buried in the snow, or broken, or lying on the ground, but the mail was always delivered. on cold days dad might find one of his customers waiting for him with a cup of hot chocolate. a young girl wrote letters but had no stamps, so she left a few buttons on the envelope in the mailbox; dad paid for the stamps. one businessman used to leave large amounts of cash in his mailbox for dad to take to the bank. once, the amount came to $32,000.a dozen years ago, when i traveled back to my hometown on the sad occasion of dads death, the mailboxes along the way reminded me of some of his stories. i thought i knew them all, but that wasnt the case.as i drove home, i noticed two lamp poles, one on each side of the street. when my dad was around, those poles supported wooden boxes about four feet off the ground. one box was painted green, and the other was red, and each had a long narrow hole at the top with white lettering: santa claus, north pole. for years children had dropped letters to santa through those holes.i made a turn at the corner and drove past the post office and across the railroad tracks to our house. mom and i were sitting at the kitchen table when i heard footsteps. there, at the door, stood frank townsend, dads postmaster and great friend for many years. so we all sat down at the table and began to tell stories.at one point frank looked at me with tears in his eyes. “what are we going to do about the letters this christmas？”he asked.“the letters？”“i guess you never knew.”“knew what？”“remember, when you were a kid and you used to put your letters to santa in those green and red boxes on main street? it was your dad who answered all those letters every year.”i just sat there with tears in my eyes. it wasnt hard for me to imagine dad sitting at the old oak table in our basement reading those letters and answering each one. i have since spoken with several of the people who received christmas letters during their childhood, and they told me how amazed they were that santa had known so much about their homes and families.for me, just knowing that story about my father was the gift of a lifetime.1. it can be inferred from the passage that the writer regarded his travels with dad as _.a. great chances to help other people b. happy occasions to play with baby chickensc. exciting experiences with a lot of fund. good opportunities to enjoy chocolate cookies 2. the writer provides the detail about the businessman to show that _.a. dad had a strong sense of duty b. dad was an honest and reliable manc. dad had a strong sense of honor d. dad was a kind and generous man3. according to the passage, which of the following impressed the writer most?a. dad read letters for a blind lady for years. b. dad paid for the stamps for a young girl.c. dad delivered some eggs to marian.d. dad answered childrens christmas letters every year.4. the method the writer uses to develop paragraph 4 is _.a. offering analyses b. providing explanationsc. giving examples d. making comparisons4. what surprised the children most when they received letters in reply from santa claus every year?a. santa claus lived alone in the cold north pole.b. santa claus answered all their letters every year.c. santa claus had unique mailboxes for the children.d. santa claus had so much information about their families.5. which of the following is the best title for the passage?a. the mail b. christmas lettersc. special mailboxes d. memorable travels【要点综述】这是一篇感人的叙述亲情的文章，在这里，父亲是一个乡村送信人，这么多年来他都无私地为219个信箱服务，一直到他退休。但让作者没有料到的是，父亲还在每年圣诞节的时候扮演着圣诞老人的角色，默默地回复着孩子们写给圣诞老人的信。1. c推理判断题。从全文第一段提到的always an adventure: there were animals to see知，作者认为与父亲一起去乡下送信是一件惬意的事情，因为在路上碰到的事情令人激动不已，所以选c项。2. b推理判断题。从文章第四段one businessman used to leavethe amount came to $32,000.知，商人认为父亲是一个诚实且值得信赖的人，所以他才会这么相信他，让他把数目很多的钱送往银行，由此知b项为最佳答案。3. d细节理解题。从文章最后几段可以看出，作者没有想到的是，父亲竟然还曾扮演过圣诞老人的角色，给孩子们回信，这大大出乎他的意料。这也可以从倒数第二段i just sat there with tears in my eyes.可以看出，我对父亲的这种行为感到非常吃惊和感动，由此选d项。4. c文章结构题。从第四段知，作者在这里举到了几个事例，如帮人送鸡蛋，帮小姑娘支付邮票，甚至帮一个商人去存钱等等，这些都是例子，所以该段举了很多事例来说明父亲平凡中的“伟大”，故选c项。59. d推理判断题。从倒数第二段and they told me how amazed they were that推断知，当时小朋友们对于圣诞老人居然这么了解他们的家庭生活感到非常吃惊，所以答案选d项。5. a主旨大意题。从全文知，本文作者主要讲述了自己的父亲，一个平凡中显现伟大的送信人的故事，所以用a项能较好地概括全文中心，这里用the mail来突出父亲的工作和他的敬业，故a项最佳。 语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。【全国新课标卷题型】once upon a time there was a girl who was beautiful, but lazy and careless. nowhere can people find a girl like her，_1_was so illtempered when spinning (纺织). if there was a little knot in the cotton, she at once pulled out all of it, and_2_(throw) it on the ground beside her. she had a servant who was hardworking._3_gathering together the discarded (丢弃的) cotton, cleaning it and spinning it well, she made a beautiful dress out of it for_4_.a young man, who looked forward to_5_(marry) a good wife, courted (求婚) the lazy girl, and the wedding was about to take place._6_the eve of the wedding, the hardworking girl was dancing in the hall merrily in her_7_(beauty) dress, and the bride said, “ah, it is because i discarded the cotton_8_the girl can make such a beautiful dress！”the young man heard this, and asked the bride what she meant by it. so she told him that the girl was wearing a dress made from the cotton which she had thrown_9_. when the young man heard this, he knew it was a lazy girl whom he was going to marry, while in the hall_10_(stand) a poor hardworking girl. so he gave up the bride and went to the other girl, and chose her as his wife.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._6_ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._答案：1whowho引导定语从句，修饰a girl。2threw并列连词and连接两个并列谓语pulled和threw。3byby doing sth“通过做某事”。4herself女仆用扔掉的棉花给自己做了条漂亮的裙子。5marryinglook forward to中的to为介词，后接动名词做宾语。6onon the eve of“在的前夕”。7beautiful修饰名词dress应用形容词。8that本句是强调句，强调because i discarded the cotton。9awaythrow away“扔掉”。10stood根据文中的时态应用一般过去时。语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。【辽宁卷题型】mr.smith：miss taylor, what sports do you go in_1_？ miss taylor：im_2_(absolute) mad about tennis. but i enjoy basketball and