英语语法讲座推理判断题.doc

英语语法讲座：推理判断题 If you were going to spend the rest of your life on the moon and could only take five books with you, which five would you choose? Remember, these books may be the only books that you would be able to read for the rest of your life! The one book that we westerners might still select is the Bible. As millions of books have been published since 1620, our other choices would be much more difficult!It is difficult for people to make other choices because _.A. there are too many books to choose from B. many of the books, as it is thought, are indispensable (必需的).C. we are not good at selecting good books D. few good books are available.British Gas is at your service all winter. The weather forecast says that cold weather is coming. A fall of five degrees centigrade can cause a 20% increase in the use of gas, so the engineers at British Gas send out the weather information to their compressor(压缩) station. The local workers turn on the jet engines, which increase the flow of gas through the pipelines. So, with planning and the skills of its engineering force, British Gas meets the changing demands that the British climate makes. Parts of the country may be cut off by snow, but the gas never fails.The conclusion can be drawn that _.A. the weather in Britain changes with the changes of demands for gas B. the gas supply may be cut off in some placesC. the colder it is, the more gas is demanded D. the weather forecast is given by the engineers at British stationsPolice were last night searching for six stolen irons, which could be killers. The irons, made for export to Germany, were among 126 stole from a factory at West Bromwich.Their earth wires are red, not green as in Britain, and the irons could kill if connected up by someone who did not realize this. A police spokesman warned that the irons were potentially dangerous. From the passage we may infer(推断) that _. A. the killers did not know much about ironsB. methods of marking electrical circuits (电路) are different in different placesC. the police were searching for a whole nightD. the positive wire of the irons has a red coveringThe Skinner Box is one of the frequently employed devices in operant conditioning experiment. It was named for B.F. Skinner, the American psychologist. It is a small, empty box except for a bar with a cup under it. In Skinners experiment. A rat that had been denied of food for twenty-four hours was placed in the box. As the hungry animal began to explore its new environment, it accidentally hit the bar, and a food pill dropped into the cup. The rat ate the pill and continued exploring for more food. After hitting the bar three or four times with similar results, the animal learned that it could get food by pressing the bar. The food strengthened the bar pressing response. The rat had been conditioned. 3.It may be concluded that operant conditioning _.A. should be done in a Skinner Box B. needs to be operated repeatedly C. involves a stimulus and response D. is a behavioral experiment Do you always understand the direction on a bottle of medicine? Do you know what is meant by “Take only as directed”? Read the following directions and see if you understand them.“To reduce pain, take two tablets with water, followed by one tablet every eight hours, as required. For night time and early morning relief, take two tablets at bedtime. Dont take more than six tablets in 24 hours.For children six or twelve years old, give them half the amount. For children under six years old, ask your doctor for advice.Reduce the amount if you suffer from sleeplessness after taking the medicine.”It can be inferred from the directions that this medicine _.A. is helpful for sleeping B. might be dangerous to small childrenC. can help relieve nervousness D. should not be taken by children under six细节题目Have you ever wondered why you see moths flying mostly at night? And then only around lights? Its clear that moths are drawn to light. A moths nervous system is very quick to receive light. Light causes a moth to reduce its movements. At night, light hitting one side of the moth is seen by the moths eyes, affecting the nervous system. This produces a reflex action that reduces wing movements on the side facing the light. When the wings on that side slow down, the uneven wing beat turns the other side of the moth to the light. In this way the moth is continually turning near a light. During daylights, light is much stronger and evenly(均匀的) spread out, causing the moth to remain motionless.Which of the following is NOT true?A. Moths are drawn to light B. Moths nervous systems are sensitive to lightC. Light may quicken their movements D. In daylight moths do not have any flightIn 1972 the American Council on Education published 40 pages of facts about college freshmen in the United States. More than half of the freshmen were studying in colleges far from their parents homes; only 40 percent were within a distance of 50 miles from home. Most college students had grown up in or near cities. Only seven percent came from farm families.Politically, more than a third of the students described their views as “liberal”. Only sixteen percent considered themselves “conservative”. The large group, however, were the forty-six percent who described their politics as “middle of the road”. Very few called their political views “far left” or “far right”.Almost half of the students called their political views _.A. liberal B. conservative (保守的) C. far left D. middle of the roadPersons who have uneven temperaments appear to have a much greater chance of developing serious illness and of dying young than those with other temperaments. Drs. Barbara J. Betz and Caroline B. Thomas report in the Johns Hopkins Medical Journal. In 1948, Betz and Thomas classified 45 Johns Hopkins medical students in three personality groups on the basis of psychological tests and questionnaires. The students were listed either as “alpha”, described as cautious, reserved, quiet and understanding: “betas”, spontaneous, active and outgoing; or “gammas”, moody, emotional and either over- or under-demanding. “Too often, gamma people get lost in their own emotion,” says Betz. “While a persons temperament cannot be changed, more support from outside sourcessuch as more human contactsmight help lessen a gammas risk of disease.”Which of the following is good for gamma group?A. Making a few adjustments to the surrounding B. Throwing themselves into more social activitiesC. Taking more medicine to control disorder D. relaxing themselves by doing more physical exercises.Rock climbing The Third City Rock Climbing Competition will be held on June 28-29 at the Sheshan Mountain Climbing Training Base. More than ten teams from Shanghai, Suzhou, Hangzhou and other places will take part in it. A British team will give an exhibition climbing. Free for spectators. Take a long-distance bus from the Peoples Square to Songjiang.Time/Dates: 9-12 am, June 28029Telephone: 52451018; 52451125, Miss GreenWhat is special about the rock climbing competition?A. A foreign team takes part in it B. You can watch it free of chargeC. You are welcome to compete D. A special bus is available to the BaseIn some countries, as many as nine out of ten adults read at least on newspaper a day. Of the two broad categories of newspaper, the popular and the quality, the former have a readership of millions, while the latter, only hundreds of thousands. Yet the popular papers seem largely designed for entertainment. Their news coverage contains a lot of comment and persuasive language; the information content is rather low; and the instruction is very minor. The quality newspaper put a much higher value on information and a much lower one on entertainment. Quality newspapers _.A. put great emphasis on entertainment B. are more concerned with giving informationC. use a lot of persuasive language D. are read by 90% of adultsThe submarine is a kind of ship that travels under the water. It is a very important kind of warship, whose basic weapon is the torpedo(鱼雷). The first submarine that was made especially for war was named the Turtle. An American engineer, David Bushnell, made it in 1803. however, it was not until 1898 that the first truly useful submarine that had a good source of power was made by John Phillip, a Hollander. His submarine used a gasoline engine at times and an electric one at other times. What kind of engine did the first submarine use? A. A gasoline engine B. An electric engine C. Both A and BD. No ideaThe scene that greeted the stranger could have been any peaceful frontier town on a summers afternoon. A stagecoach(驿站马车) was rattling to a stop outside the telegraph office; three drunks lay in an undignified heap outside the saloon bar, moaning(呻吟) half-heartedly about the rough treatment they had received; the blacksmith was bent over his work, his arms and face glistening with the sweat of his labour. Cowboys came and went about their usual business. Nothing could have been more normal.Nothing, that is, apart from the stranger with the black, murderous look who ride into town. When the stranger rode into town _.A. everything was normal B. everything except the stranger was normalC. nothing was normal D. nothing except the strange was normalHawaii is an American island state far out in the Pacific Ocean. Many of Hawaiis people are descendants of immigrants from different parts of Asia. Most of these Asians are of Japanese ancestry(祖先). The parents and grandparents of other Hawaiians came from China, the Philippine Islands, and Korea. In addition, there are some Polynesians in Hawaii. Their ancestors came to Hawaii thousands of years before any other people. Hawaii is rich in traditions. Hawaiians are Americans, but they have preserved the ceremonies of their homelands. The first settlers in Hawaii were _.A. Polynesian B. Chinese C. Japanese D. KoreansA young American teacher of Constantinople(君士坦丁堡) hurriedly gave a small coin to a beggar when crossing the bridge into the busiest street of the city. That evening she found that the present had been a tiny gold piece, equal to $5, instead of the copper coin she had meant to give. She told a friend of the mistake, saying, “I still have much to learn about Turkish money.”The teacher gave the beggar a gold coin _.A. to show her sympathy for him B. because she didnt know much about the Turkish beggarsC. to show her generosity D. because of her carelessnessIslamabad, Pakistan, June 22ndTwo mountain climbers surprisingly survived a fall of over 500 feet on the 25,530-foot mountain in Pakistan Saturday. The two climbers were climbing an ice-covered wall of the mountain when they suddenly lost their footing and fell about 560 feet to a narrow snow-covered ledge below. “We were lucky that ledge was there,” said the climbers, “otherwise, we would have fallen over 2,000 feet.” If the ledge had not been there, the two climbers almost certainly would have met their death.How high was the ledge from the foot of the mountain?A. 500 feet high B. 560 feet high C. 2,000 feet high D. More than 1,400 feet high猜测词义In English there are a number of phrases about the nose. For example, “to turn up ones nose” expresses a basic human feelingpride. People can turn up their noses at people, things and places. For the human emotion of rejection, the phrase “to have ones nose out of joint” is very descriptive. The expression applies to persons who have been turned aside because of a competitor. Their pride is hurt and they feel rejected. This expression is no new, and was used by Erasmus in 1542. This is only a small selection of expressions in English dealing with the nose. There are a number of others. However, it should be “as plain as the nose on your face” that the nose is more than an organ for breathing and smelling! The phrase “as plain as the nose on your face” means _.A. the nose on your face is very plainB. it is easy to see your noseC. a plain-looking nose is not prettyD. very clearly understandableBicycle tour and raceA bike tour race will be held on September 28 & 29 (Sat. & Sun.). At 5:30a.m., the riders will leave Mingzhu Square and ride the first 35 kilometres as a training leg. Then the next 55 kilometres leg, from Nanhui to Jinshan, will be the first competitive part of the tour. The riders and their bikes will then be taken from jinshan to Qingpu.The second racing leg of the tour will be from Qingpu to Shanghai Zoo covering a distance of 20 kilometres. Saturday night includes the stay near Shanghai Zoo and supper. Sunday morning is free for play in the zoo. At noon all the people and their bikes will be taken back to Mingzhu Square.Cost: 250 yuan.Telephone: 52645398The underlines word “leg” probably means _.A. raceB. warming-up exercise C. part of the practice D. part of the tourSome people argue that the pressure on the international sportsmen and sportswomen kill the essence of sportthe pursuit of personal excellence. The individual representing his country cannot afford to think about enjoying himself; he has to think only about winning. He is responsible for an entire nations hopes, dreams and reputation.A good example is the football World Cup. Football is the worlds most important sport. It is even more important now that the United States is taking it up seriously. Winning the World Cup is perhaps summit of international sports success. Mention “Argentina” to someone and the chances are that hell think of football. In a sense, winning the World Cup “puts Argentina on the map”.The underlined word “summit” means _.A. the highest pointB. the top of a mountainC. goalD. limitSolar energy is rapidly becoming a logical alternative source of heat as the cost and unavailability of conventional fuels becomes a major problem in industrial countries. Getting energy from the sun is not a new idea. Most people have had the experience of being sunburnt on a cloudy day, much to their surprise; the energy is always there. Technology has now brought the cost of harnessing the sun closer to being economically competitive. Finally, the fact that solar heating and solar cooling are very attractive environmentally provides another reason to switch from conventional fuels.The underlined part “harnessing the sun” means _.A. using the sun to produce useful power B. controlling the sunC. switching from the sun D. fastening an apparatus to the sunA serious threat to farmers in many parts of the world is erosion. Erosion occurs if a large area of land is cleared of trees and is then badly treated by the farmers. The rain and winds may gradually wash away, or blow away, much of the topsoil. When this happens, crops pf wheat or corn become weaker and weaker until nothing grows well. If erosion continues, it will turn good land into a desert.One of the first experiments to stop erosion began in the US in 1933. the experiment was carried out in the areas of the Tennessee River. Floods and bad farming in this area had ruined land that had once been rich. As a result, most of the people living around the Tennessee River were very poor.The underlined word “erosion” means _.A. the clearing of trees B. unhealthy soil C. the formation of desert D. gradual loss of topsoil标题题目A long, imaginary prose story about people is usually called a novel.It can be about any kind of man. The Frenchman, Victor Hugo, wrote his novel Les Miserables about a poor man who stole a loaf of bread to keep from starving. The American, Ernest Hemingway, wrote A farewell to Arms about a young American with the Italian Army in World War I.A novel can tell a story of any kind of action, over any period of time. The modern Irish writer, James Joyee, took a thousand pages to cover less than twenty-four hours in Ulysses. Yet a German writer, Herman Hesse, used only one hundred and fifty pages in his novel Demian to cover a boys life. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A. The Influence of a Novel B. The Nature of the NovelC. The World-famous Novelists D. The Development of a Novel观点态度题In spite of all stories of prosperity in the United States, crimes of various types have been increasing at a surprising rate. Everyone agrees that crime is partly a result of bad material conditions. But there are also other things than those: no death penalty and being allowed to carry weapons. Finally, there has been too much shown on TV and too much reported in the newspapers of all kinds of crimesthe details of which are so described that even children know how to copy what they have seen or read. All these have resulted in a higher rate of crimes.The tone of the passage is _.A. optimistic B. pessimistic C. matter-of-fact D. ironic People often blame television for the high rate of violence crimes in the West. The rate of violence crimes increases, people say, with every increase in violence on TV. These people argue for greater government control of TV. Certainly there is a lot of violence on TV, and society certainly seems to become more violent every year, but that does not prove the theory. Is TV violence a cause of societys violence, or only a result of