山西朔州市第一轮复习高三英语资料08英语考纲解读.ppt

08年英语考纲预测及复习方法 21stcentury 中学生版 英语沙龙 阅读 实战 初级版 顾问兼 英语沙龙 初级版编委及专栏作者北京良乡中学蒋英 一 以现行教材为蓝本 领会英语考试的走向 1 认真研读新课标 为备考做准备 v2 系统复习现行教材 条分缕析 3 以历年高考题为依据 延伸扩展 侧重中等难度 1 认真研读新课标 为备考做准备 综合运用英语的能力指 语言技能 语言知识 情感态度 学习策略 文化意识 新课标 八级 对前两项基础性的要求是 词汇量3500个 短语 词组360个左右 其中不包括国家名称及相关信息 数字 星期 月份等词汇 这些词汇单独列出 要学会运用的话题有24项 举例说明 个人情况 personalinformation 周围环境 personalenvironments 日常活动 dailyroutines 热点话题 topicalissues 文学艺术 literatureandart around 家庭朋友与周围的人 family friendsandpeople 科普知识与现代技术 popularscienceandmoderntechnology 要掌握的功能意念有11项 举例说明 社交 socialcommunication 包括 问候 介绍 告别 感谢 等 态度 attitudes 包括 同意和不同意 喜欢和不喜欢 希望和愿望 等 情感 emotions 包括 高兴 惊奇 忧虑 等 语法要求增加的是 虚拟语气 thesubjunctivemood 掌握基本用法 动词时态 verbtenses 除八个基本时态外 另加 将来进行时 现在完成进行时 被动语态 passivevoices 十个时态及带情态动词的被动态 构词法 word formation 合成 派生 转化 缩写和简写 语音项目 phoneticitems 掌握主要英语国家的语音差异及语调 重音 节奏等的运用 新课标 八级 对后三项的要求是 充分调动学生英语学习的积极性 调整好学习英语的策略 在阅读中了解体会英语国家的历史 地理 风土人情 传统习俗 生活方式 文学艺术 行为规范和价值观念等 2 系统复习现行教材 条分缕析 高一至高三共58个单元 高一 上 12个单元高三16个单元 余均为10个单元 应系统复习 注意提纲契领 难重点突出及实际运用 举例说明 sefcs 2b unit20archaeology 1 归纳重点单词和短语 a 单词 装潢 装饰 矛 梭镖 皇帝 针 差别 对比 坐垫 垫石 备用的 省出 抽出 饶恕 近乎 接近 平均的 遥远的 偏僻的 陪伴 陪同 三角形 纪念碑 纪念馆 纪念物 陪伴 b 短语 tendto intermsof intheeyeof lendahand serveas digup datebackto givesb anideaof avarietyof pullup trade for tradein for accompanysb to panyto comefor callin aflowchart givesb anideaof makesb thinkof havean no knowledgeof knowornotknow 2 归纳语法 全篇均用 情动 havedone 表推测 如 therewasabonepinthatmayhavebeenfromapieceofclothingsuchasaleathercoat thatwouldhavemadehimamanofdistinction hemayhavehadahandinplanningthemonument orinhelpingtransportandpullupthestones 3 归纳词汇并扩展 前一页第三句中有一短语pullup 竖起 可扩展其含义 使停止 拔掉 制止 责备等 联系学过的pull短语的含义 pullon 用拉的方式 穿上 戴上 pulloff脱掉 pullout拔出 pulldown拆毁 pullthrough度过难关 摆脱 第三句中还有一短语haveahandin 和 有关 干预 负责 takeahandin participatein bepartlyresponsiblefor 重要的短语 intermsof insth sterms withregardto regarding tendto 等 4 难句分析及翻译 atfirstitwasthoughtthattheskillstomakeco pperandbronzeobjectsspreadtobritainwasthroughwarandarmedconflict butitisnowbelievedtohavehappenedthroughtradeandculturallinks 该句可改为 atfirstitwasthoughtthattheskillstomakecopperandbronzeob jectsspreadtobritainwasthroughtradeandculturallinksinsteadofwarandarmedconflict 5 口头总结该文的generalidea 以利于思维 6 简述p80的aflowchart 流程图 3 以历年高考题为依据 延伸扩展 强调中等难度 强调句 itwasn tuntilthetwentiethcenturythatmodernpoetrywasreallydeveloped sefcs2aunit4 itwasn tuntilnearlyamonthlater ireceivedthemanager sreply 05全国i卷 a sinceb whenc asd that分词扩展为定语从句 cellseitherdividetoofastoratthewrongtime makingitdifficultforthebodytofunctionproperly sefcs2aunite7 europeanfootballisplayedin80countries itthemostpopularsportintheworld a makingb makesc maded tomake 98 it习惯用法 ihateitwhensomeonecallsmeupinthemiddleofthenight secsb1bunit15 i dappreciate ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer 06山东24题 a thatb itc thisd you 若干写作要用到的新鲜词语 下载 download 简单地说 toputitsimply 照着 仿照 after 可以肯定的是 whatiscertainis 一股风 apuffofwind 工作狂 workaholic 帮大忙 doalotofgood 与 和谐相处 inharmonywith 消灭死亡和痛苦 putanendtodeathandsuffering 有大成效 makeabigdifference 使生活过得充实 tolivelifetothefullest 二 认真研读高考试题 尤其是近五年来的试题 总结规律 预见未来 尤其注重中等难度试题 1 如何记英语单词英语的词类 九类名词 noun 冠词 article 数词 numeral 代词 pronoun 形容词 adjective 副词 adverb 连词 conjunction 介词 preposition 动词 verb 核心词类是名词和动词 大约3500词中 名词有2093个 动词有818个 其中有若干兼类词 例如 1 timewouldbelostwakinghim secsb3unit6 叫醒他要费时间 2 whenallteamsareready theteacherwillstartandtimethedebate secsb3unit14 各队准备好以后 老师就开始记录辩论的时间了 3 hepresentedtherulerwithmanygifts secsb3unit2 他把很多礼物赠给了那位统治者 4 aftertheinterview thereportermustpresent thematerialinanorganizedwayandmakesurethatthearticlereflectseventsandopinionstruthfully secsb2aunit2 采访后 记者必须把材料表述的条分缕析 确保文章能真实地反映事件和观点 5 hewaspresentatthemeeting 他出席了那次会议 6 imadeherapresentofadiamondring 我送给她一只钻戒 这样的兼类词很多 例如 access n v 1 20 ofthepeopleontheearthdonothaveaccesstocleandrinkingwater 2au9 地球上20 的人喝不到清洁的饮用水 2 sheaccessed3differentfilestofindthecorrectinformation 她存取了3个文件以寻找所要的信息 还有 ache act alarm amount escape comb等 构词法一瞥 1 词根扩展法classclassicclassicalclassifyclassification例如 a healwaystravelsfirst classontheplane b thisisaclassicnovelist c ilikeenglishclassicalliterature d attempthadbeenmadebyotherstoclassi fyplantspeciesintogroups but 3bu4 e aspirinbelongstotheclassificationofnon prescriptiondrugs 对比 process 2 拆分法privilegeprivatelegal 特权 特别待遇 私有的 法律上 a bornintoalifeofprivilege josephbankswasthesonofawealthyfamily 3bu4 extraordinaryextraordinary 特别 不平常 惊人 额外 超出 平常 b theextraordinarythingis myfeelingsaremorespecialwhenisingmyfavoritesongsinenglish 2au4 3 联想法standoutoutstanding 突出 显眼 突出的 杰出的 a professionalfootballershavetobevery verygood andtoplayforaleadingclubtheymustbeoutstanding 3bu16 gooutoutgoingeasygoing 走出 外向的 爽直的 温和宽容的 b mywifeiseasygoing soshehasmanyfriendsintheneighborhood 3bu8 4 类比法transporttransformtranslate运输 运送转变 改观翻译transparenttransportationtranslation透明 明显的运输翻译 调动hebuiltatransparentwallthroughwhichhecouldobservewhatwentoninside secsbu14 他做了一个透明的墙 透过墙他可以观察到 蜜蜂 在里面的活动情况 5 对比法senior年长 高等的junior年幼 低等的maximum最大量 值minimum最小量 最低限度major majority较多 大多 数minor minority较少 较小 少数例 theyalsofoundoutthatbeesflyamaximumdistanceof3 2kilometersbetweentheirhiveandafeedingplace secsb3unit14 6 完整记忆词汇 thefinalscoreofthethebasketballmatchwas93 94 wewereonly beaten 07天津14 a nearlyb slightlyc narrowlyd lightly 2 如何训练听力 根据2000年英语教学大纲 修订版 的要求 听力语速为100 110 wpm 根据 新课标 的精神 没有规定语速 但有目标描述 根据语音 语调了解和表达隐含的意图和态度 根据语音辨别和书写不太熟悉的单词或简单的语句 8级要求 掌握听的技巧 正确的意群 连读 失去爆破 抓住听力中的关键词语 例如 时间 人物 转折词语等 每天坚持听10分钟 可听课本录音 不一定都是考题 3 如何强化词法 语法等基本知识的能力 掌握重点语法项目 例如定语从句 状语从句 宾语从句 强调句 倒装句 适当关注表语从句 同位语从句 主语从句等 注意这些从句的考试特点及变化 注意冠词的三种基本用法 情态动词和虚拟语气是密不可分的 应加强练习 代词的考查点重在不定代词上 形容词和副词重点在比较级和最高级及倍数表示法上 偶尔考查修饰 非谓语动词学会替代 区分用法 掌握10种时态语态的用法 尤其新加的两种时态 注意情景交际的背景及习惯说法 掌握重点词语的用法 例如动词短语或短语动词注意其可分性 lookafter putup 尤其注意现行教材中新出现的动词短语 例如 tell apart 分辨 putoutof 从 推出 lookoutfor 留心 警惕 另要注意习惯的词语搭配 oflate 最近 take intoaccount consideration 体谅 考虑 还要注意近意词组的辨析 1 定语从句a inthedarkstreet therewasn tasingleperson shecouldturnforhelp 92 a thatb whoc fromwhomd towhomb ihavemanyfriends somearebusinessmen 05全国i a ofthemb fromwhichc whoofd ofwhomc weshouldn tspentourmoneytestingsomanypeople mostof arehealthy 07北京23 a thatb whichc whatd whom d 关系词whose和which作定语的区别 ioftengetupat6 atwhichtimeitisstillverydarkinwinter hevisitedamericaandcanada inwhichcountrieshehadagoodtime chaplinwenttothestatesin1910 bywhichtimehehadlearnttodanceandactincomedies wetoldhertoseeadoctor whichadviceshetook shetooktheadvicethatwetoldhertoseeadoctor e 并不表示地点的关系词where icanthinkofmanycaseswherestudentsobviouslyknowalotofenglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldn twriteagoodessay where inwhich nowyoucanseewe vecometothepointwhereachangeisbadlyneeded where atwhich we rejusttryingtoreachapoint bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk 06山东第26题 a whereb thatc whend which f 认清分隔式定语从句 thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar awayvillage 2001 a untilb thatc whend where 对比分隔式同位语从句 thequestioncameupatthemeetingwhetherwehadenoughmoneyforourresearch sbiiibl87 which表内容 ericreceivedtrainingincomputerforoneyear hefoundajobinabigcompany 07辽宁 a afterthatb afterwhichc afteritd afterthis请留意下面两句 1 mostoftheaudiencewonderedwhatideaamanwho sdeaffrombirthcanhave of in which tomusic 2 i manxiousaboutwhatnotehetookinthebackofhisdiary of from to onto thingstomendorreplace 高考不准确的定语从句 therewas time ihatedtogotoschool a a thatb a whenc the thatd the when 04湖北23题 该题a也对 看下题 therewasatimethatallscientistswerewillingtosharetheirresults 也可用when thisisalasttimethati llgiveyoualesson that可省 但不能用when替代 2 状语从句a thewtocannotliveuptoitsname itdoesnotincludeacountrythatishometoonefifthofmankind 2000 a aslongasb whilec ifd eventhoughb thisisaveryinterestingbook i llbuyit 06陕西第20题 a howmuchmayitcostb nomatterhowitmaycostc howevermuchitmaycostd howmayitcost c weallknowthat thesituationwillgetworse 2007 a notifdealtcarefullywithb ifnotcarefullydealtwith 请留意省略 c ifdealtnotcarefullywithd notifcarefullydealtwithd ireallydon tlikeart ifindhisworkimpressive 07山东 a asb sincec ifd while though e where sthatreport ibroughtittoyou youwereinmr black sofficeyesterday a ifb whenc becaused before 07北 f ireallydon tlikeart ifindhisworkimpressive 07山东 a asb sincec ifd while though g you dbettertakesomethingtoreadwhenyougotoseethedoctor youhavetowait a evenifb asifc incased inorderthat 05广东 h whydoyouwantanewjob you vegetsuchagoodonealready 98 a thatb whosec whichd when 状语从句中需要注意的连词有 as when while表时间时的区别 because as since for表原因时的区别 unless incase incaseof inthecaseof when since aslongas sofaras generallyspeaking speakingof talkingof judgingfrom by considering granted granting seeing supposing respecting providing provided given regarding表条件时的用法 参考 分词 assoonas hardly when nosooner than scarcely when themoment minute second instant immediately scarcely secondly directly ondoing whatever whoever whomever whoever whenever wherever however whichever 另有whether表让步要注意 i 高考中引起争议的状语从句 hetalkalotabouthisfavoritesingersafterclass a aquietstudentashemaybeb quietstudentashemaybec beaquietstudentashemayd quietashemaybeastudent 05重庆第27题 表语提前 a b均对 askilledskateboarderasiamnow iwon ttryatrickthatistoodangerous sefcsb3u1p149 wellpaidashewas heoftenendedupinfinancialtroublesthough secsb3up61 重要连词和介词的区别 because和becauseof incase incaseof和inthecaseof forfear that 和incase that 等 分辨下列句中的介词 thesightofitawokethescientist in on for at myuncletogoanditfromcloserathand sescfb2aunit10frighteningnaturep76 3 动词时态a sorry joe ididn tmeanto don tcallme joe i mmr parkertoyou and youforgetit 2003 a dob didn tc didd don tb yourphonenumberagain i quitecatchit 95全国第12题 a didn tb couldn tc don td can t类似的还有98 02 04 北 吉 05 湖南 06 重 07 浙江 等 c whydon tyouputthemeatinthefridge itwill freshforseveraldays 2003 a bestayedb stayc bestayingd havestayedd i ping pongquitewell butihaven thadtimetoplaysincethenewyear 2001 a willplayb haveplayedc playedd play 4 情态动词a aleftluggageofficeisaplacewherebags beleftforashorttime especiallyatarailwaystation 2003 a shouldb canc mustd willb isjohncomingbytrain heshould but not helikesdrivinghiscar 2002 a mustb canc needd may 情态动词表推测的程度 mustwillwouldshouldheoughttobeateacher can not couldmaymight c therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecarbuttheymanagedtotakemeaswell it acomfortablejourney 95 a can tbeb shouldn tbec mustn thavebeend couldn thavebeen d istayedatahotelwhileinnewyork oh didyou you withbarbara 98 a couldhavestayedb couldstayc wouldstayd musthavestayed 表本来能做某事而未做的情态动词 should oughtto would may might needn thavedone例外的有 musthavedone can 对比 实义动词 ihadthoughtthatmarywouldcomebybutshedidn t therewastohavebeenarestauranthereonthestreet buttheyrefusedpermissionatthelastmoment 类似的动词形式有 would shouldlike love tohavedone wouldhavelikedto wouldratherhavedonewas weregoingtodo was wereexpecting lookingforwardto planning arranginghadthought wanted hoped supposed planned meant intendedwas weretohavedonewanted planned meant thought 注意 cannot too enough sufficiently more overdo的用法 例如 1 youcanneverbetoocareful 2 itseemsthatpeoplejustcannotgetenoughofscaryridesandexcitingadventures sefcsb1bunit22 aworldoffun 3 thispointcannotbeoveremphasized 5 冠词a jumpingoutof airplaneattenthousandfeetisquite excitingexperience 2002 a 不填 theb 不填 ac an and the theb hello couldispeaktomr smith sorry wrongnumber thereisn t mr smithhere 06全国i第30题 a 不填b ac thed one c beyond stars theastronautsawnothingbut space 90 a the 不填b 不填 thec 不填 不填d the thed papermoneywasin useinchinawhenmarcopolovisitedthecountryin thirteenthcentury 99 a the 不填b the thec 不填 thed 不填 不填 6 分词用法 theparticiple a suchheavypollutionalready itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver 2001 a havingsufferedb sufferingc tosufferd suffered对比 thegeneralstateofhishealth itmaytakehimawhiletorecoverfromtheoperation a givenb togivec givingd havinggiven 2000春考 b theyseeyouassomethingofaworrier problemswhichdon texistandcrossingbridgeslongbeforeyoucometothem 04重庆27题 a settingb discoveringc seeingd designing请留意 crossone sbridgeswhen beforeonecomestothem意思是 杞人忧天 其中seeing表示 经历 目睹 例 don tcrossyourbridgesbeforeyoucometothem 7 形容词 副词及倍数表示法a allenhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwas tocarryallthewayhome 2003 a muchtooheavyb toomuchheavyc heavytoomuchd tooheavymuchb idon tliketheexhibitionalittle 对比 hewasnotalittlesatisfiedwiththeresult hewasnotabitsatisfiedwiththeresult 注意 fairly quite rather pretty及very much等 alittle abit alot half enough too far byfar deep deeply wide widely high highly loud loudly cheep cheaply safe safely not noalittle small slightly等 倍数表示的基本形式 倍数 分数 百分数 the 表示 大小 多少 远近 轻重 时间等名词倍数 that thoseof tom sageistwotimesthatofjerry s thatof asmuchas c 倍数 as as wehaveproduced4timesasmanyelectricfansaswedidlastyear d 倍数 adj adv 比较级 than theoutputofcoalwas25 greaterthanin1990 c howbeautifullyshesings ihaveneverheard a thebettervoiceb agoodvoicec thebestvoiced abettervoice 96 对比 borishasbrains infact idoubtwhetheranyoneintheclasshas iq 2002 a ahighb ahigherc thehigherd thehighest注意同级比较的变化 unfortunately mywifeisn tasfondofthemasiam 新课标教材u1 5 itisgenerallybelievedthatteachingis itisascience 2001 a anartmuchasb muchanartasc asanartmuchasd asmuchanartas上句为比较级的特例 as adj a an n sing as 类似的还有 so too enough等 impressiveastherecordis itfadesnexttothestoryofarmstrong sstruggleagainstdisease b3u1 below behind under nextbest 表 一方不及另一方 8 非确指数量词等a meetingmyuncleafteralltheseyearswasanunforgettablemoment iwillalwaystreasure a thatb onec itd what 2002 对比 ihopethereareenoughglassesforeachguesttohave 95 a itb thosec themd one b whenshallwemeetagain 96 makeit dayyoulike it sallthesametome a oneb anyc anotherd some特别注意如下的词语 any some another either neither afew few alittle little more none both each anumberof thenumberof aworldof等 例如 thereisaworldofmusicoutthere 另要注意泛指非确指数量词及特指非确指数量词的用法 例如 therewerebitsofbrokenglassonthefloor toomanyofthedeerhadbeenkilledandtheydisappeared 注意it的特殊用法 c ihate whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull 98年全国第8题 a itb thatc whichd that c i dappreciate ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer 06年山东第24题 a thatb itc thisd you比较 ihateditwhensomeonecallsmeupinthemiddleofthenight sefcsb1bu15 还有 like dislike love take enjoy figureout relyon can thelp等 9 动词等习语及辩异a goodbye then shesaid withouteven fromherbook 2007 a lookingdownb lookingupc lookingawayd lookingonb thetaxidriveroftenremindspassengersto theirbelongingswhentheyleavethecar 2002 a keepb catchc holdd take c idon tthinki llneedanymoneybuti llbringsome 2000 a atlastb incasec onceagaind intimed theyusuallywilltrytochange buttheywilltakesometimebecausetheygetangry 2002 北京改错 对比 1 主语可以是人 itookthreehourstogethomelastnight 2 主语可以是先行词 it ittookmethreehourstogethomelastnight 参见 practicalenglishusage bymichaelswanp590 smokerscostthegovernmentevenmoremoneyfortworeasons sbiial6 10 情景表达及其它a ithinkyoushouldphonejennyandsaysorrytoher itwasherfault 2003 a nowayb notpossiblec nochanced notatallb whowillstarttheballrolling jackie willyouspeakfirst sbiiibl95 welldone thatwasaverygoodball 1a4 lingling supperisready i mcoming 1a3 e thechangesinthecitywillcostquitealot theywillsaveusmoneyinthelongrun 2000春 a orb sincec ford but 4 如何强化完形填空中综合运用语言的能力a 命题趋势 语言交际化 情景生活化 词汇灵活化 考查综合运用能力 中西文化交融能力 更加靠近新课标精神 b 解决办法 强化阅读90 2002年的完形填空原文 即正确的原文 了解真谛 再读填空题 并问为什么 复习方法举例 读2003年全国完形原题 iplayedaracquetballgameagainstmycousinedlastweek itwasoneofthemostsurprisingandtiringgamesi veeverhad whenedfirstphonedandsuggestedweplay ilaughedquietly figuringonaneasyvictory afterall ed sideaofexercisehasalwaysbeennothingmoreeffort makingthanliftingaforktohismouth aslongasicanremember ed sbeentheleastphysicallyfitmemberinthefamily andstrangelyproudofhimself hebigstomachhasalwaysballoonedoutbetweenhist shirtandtrousers althoughthefamilyoftenjokedaboutthat edrefusedtobuyalargert shirtortoloseweight sowhenedarrivedforourgamenotonlywiththebottomofhisshirtgatheredinsidehis trousersbutalsowithastomachyoucouldhardlynotice iwassosurprisedthatiwasspeechless mycousinmusthavemadeanefforttogethimselfintoshape asaresult atthepointinourgamewheni dhavepredicted 预计 thescoretobeabout9to1inmyfavor itwasinstead7to9andedwasleading thesuddenrealizationwaspainful wecontinuedtoplayliketwomadmen whenthescorewas16up iwashavingseriousdoubtsaboutstayingaliveuntil21yearsold letalonescoringthatmanypoints whenthegamefinallyended bothofuswerelyingflatonourbacks tootiredtomove inaway ithinkwebothwon ithegame butcousinedmyrespect 2003年完形填空试题 iplayedaracquetballgameagainstmycousinedlastweek itwasoneofthemost36andtiringgamesi veeverhad whenedfirstphonedand37weplay ilaughedquietly figuringonan38victory afterall ed sideaof39hasalwaysbeennothingmore40thanliftingaforktohismouth 41icanremember ed sbeentheleastphysicallyfitmemberinthefamily and42proudofhimself hisbigstomachhasalwaysballoonedoutbetweenhist shirtandtrousers althoughthefamilyoften43aboutthatedrefusedtobuya44t shirtortoloseweight sowhened45forourgamenotonlywiththebottomofhisshirtgatheredinside histrousersbutalsowithastomachyoucouldhardly46 iwassosurprisedthatiwas47 mycousinmusthavemadeanefforttogethimselfintoshape 48 atthepointinourgamewheni dhavepredicted 预计 thescoretobeabout9to1inmyfavor itwas497to9andedwas50 thesuddenrealizationwaspainful we51toplayliketwomadmen whenthescorewas16up iwashavingserious52aboutstayingaliveuntil21yearsold letalone53thatmanypoints whenthegamefinallyended bothofuswerelyingflatonourbacks tootiredto54 inaway ithinkwebothwon ithegame butcousinedmy55 36 a encouragingb hopelessc surprisingd regular37 a declaredb mentionedc persuadedd suggested 38 a unforgettableb unexpectedc easyd early39 a exerciseb preparationc joyd fitness40 a time savingb comfortablec suitabled effort making41 a assoonasb aslongasc whend since 46 a noticeb admirec believed measure47 a nervousb curiousc carelessd speechless48 a afterallb asaresultc abovealld atlast49 a mistakingb thenc insteadd naturally50 a leadingb comingc waitingd counting 51 a pretendedb stoppedc continuedd decided52 a thoughtsb doubtsc situationsd problems53 a scoringb completingc receivingd keeping54 a playb startc sleepd move55 a friendshipb respectc supportd favor 2003年完形习语 figureon 指望 料想 nothingmore than 不比 更 balloonout 象气球般鼓起 getoneselfintoshape 有个好体形 inperson sfavor 对某人有利 letalone 不消说 理所当然 lieflaton 完全躺在 按上面的办法