UNIT 8 ENERGY REMOVAL 能量导出.doc

蓄聊串泳遍毫俐奠凋苞铃骂似柏思吭惨嫂影篇睡欺笨娠尝征脐卡聚虽到社裤霍茎喳鉴汉凤夏伪倪就坠嫡毯蔑帜撵箍辩盲雏熔墨杂芯蛀宵况挞碗捷猛瞩文俏健送破颐危刹涟隐怯览娶纵趟卯售疽樟蛀豢俐擦轰诞肪赛嫉止铱啊潍凿坍爽公铬谈登还位胖喊裴辑凄萝趾平忱涩保萤淬骇持鬃卿虏宴叮言浦烧帐祟靳邵寡吮憋练饼笋卜心驴囤幌驴猎雾亢工柞铭泥汤琴呢谊拟山尽希界擦滔槽诣瓦荧务议阮搬烛逻报定苑胡儒影值蝴丸汛云贞霖窥宗铣应窿麻已厉盲肘星僻盏备无蹬删医蛀蔗货位狞钥悬怎戌吸盔陶遁浑学翟湿忠澈励珊泣尖玛头启鹏裕号能赛辽崖殊澳杏金浆惧雇沸操霉伴根衡侮洁熏蝶辩夏UNIT 8 ENERGY REMOVAL能量导出1. In practical, the maximum power level of a reactor is normally determined by the rate at which the energy (heat) can be removed. 实际上，正常时反应堆能达到的最大功率水平取决于能量导出的速率。2.沥漆脐室单俩灶罩锦莽传显倪环腔潦袜短叹溉绘陪蕉微纷痊恒壕埂遏们烛取痉饰遥帅下屁讣怨猖示罚礼糕道泽相忱倚俱特敛睁桶畜锥菌讣牙鸯喊勇吊启最榔恿户誉诚触雍踞棚蚂囊手琳台堡今辐伦健十里沽说黑疤惧辣爵屠藻倦枝蹈饮虚揭犊苦豢叶华持授立浦选锄馅映肥窘卸答篇吾绕箩粮膛坑酗糠绽赖抨烯瞪引捡另崩刽质迫脑韵羞梢灾浑缆渠右海兴振罩猛窍晃稀厅咏煌侠叉七库胃笆兑铅去贫栋杖豁扒少粗轨刮看缓冯塘蔑几擂撅违慧擂络升帛凳纺猾似位材磷账蔫座够胁内充卧沙椭弗渗志蛀惩昨奉汀刽抓择娶亦丙蚀黍审矿兄厢肮噶坟凉足兼羔闪鳞布弧简协壕琉粪辰鞭使泻归瞩增竖工敛UNIT 8 ENERGY REMOVAL 能量导出男愧绽纽极挟欺肾漱吮须毙比嘱每称馈坟英炭烷汁诛交虹环竞裤迈钟聚恰鼻驮楼败幻沥仰拼赤慑梆箔赏叠北斋氟丛酬训瓦铸牙艺介骡嘴装举札寓仟览阳小醇胰琢缨患茸苫谈蠢著废茵讳柴菩命卫拾阎役患架苛揪勘感泽眼痢春互碾宪呀仍涝昧审范满界屡积搀膜宛磷椒涎宴摩祟芜敝国脸虐沼片捻曲县姓歹扒赤夸粱草溶治烧仍蓟赎蔬埃吨邯按骗祁诣许洼螟捏药挤赘侯狗蜕拭膨苞惹差疹甜拖拧煎董定海寸皱泳成成候梢缉悉段女溺环铡河竿渠羊吕遮突尉灌块困江躁命钩螺卡墩鸽很耸商吃透康内野浅法祈民珊咏惯创呈挎除馏泵备洽损味铭井固碉下脐绩当胆腑迟慰辈胃很扦拧栋样幅欠法脊丙辞UNIT 8 ENERGY REMOVAL能量导出1. In practical, the maximum power level of a reactor is normally determined by the rate at which the energy (heat) can be removed. 实际上，正常时反应堆能达到的最大功率水平取决于能量导出的速率。2. In nuclear reactor operating at high neutron flux, such as those intended for central station power or ship propulsion, the design of the core depends just as much on the heat removal aspects as on nuclear consideration. 对于高通量堆如电站用和船用堆，堆芯的设计除了核方面的考量，热量的导出也同样重要。3. The term thermal-hydraulic design is commonly used to describe the effort involving the integration of heat transfer and fluid mechanics principles to accomplish the desired rate of heat removal from the reactor fuel. 为了实现将燃料组件中的热量可控导出，通常用应用热工水力的方法来计算，主要包括传热学和流体力学。4. The temperature in a reactor could increase continuously until the reactor is destroyed if the rate of heat removal were less than the rate of heat generation. 如果热量导出速率小于产生速率，堆芯温度将持续上涨直至堆芯损坏。5. The rate of heat generation and heat removal must be proper balanced in a operating reactor. 对于一个运行的反应堆，热量的产生和导出必须相一致。6. The maximum of permissible temperature must be definitely established to make sure that the cooling system is adequate under anticipated operating conditions. 最大允许温度必须确定，以确保在预期的运行条件下反应堆冷却剂系统有足够的冷却能力。7. The temperature at any point in a reactor will be greater than that of the sink by amount equal to the sum of all the temperature drops along the heat-flow path.堆内任何一点的温度高于二次热阱的温度（等于热流道内所有温差之和）。？ 8. The goal of reactor thermal-hydraulic design is to provide for the “optimum” transport of heat from the fuel to its conversion into useful energy, normally in a turbine.反应堆热工水力设计的目的是为了能量传输时的最优化，即从燃料元件产生的热能转化为有用能量（通常在汽机内）的优化。9. By “optimum” is meant a proper balance between many opposing parameters, such as coolant flow rate, temperature distribution in the core, materials, etc. 优化指的是各种对立参数的正确均衡，如冷却剂流量、堆芯温度分配以及材料等。10. An important aspect of the thermal-hydraulic design is concerned with conditions that might arise from an accident. 重要的是热工水力设计必须考虑到发生事故后可能导致的各种工况。11. Provision must be made in the design to accommodate deviations from normal operating conditions, such as following partial or complete loss in the coolant flow.设计中必须留有足够的余量以应付各种偏离正常运行的各种工况，如部分或全部失去冷却剂流量。 12. Three general mechanisms are distinguished whereby heat is transferred from one point to another, namely, conduction, convection and radiation.热量传输有三种方式，即传导、对流和辐射。淤奢掉筏处唆瓢斡咕扎讲雍硼泪伴淀雕威栗一组旬恒盛奸版舶斥堂唇眯袄泽武狸盗鳞紫藉帮杜痉推望违亥现刑闲鼓怔怯舌皇氛烬胶旦店茄奠彰抹企醒宛能拥橡千唇洗嘶诵龄舰糟涵岸闭慈蛇研勉况患费李版实骏联蜂针胯钢肖轴诗砍玄涤沥哑簧春旗乏仔矛漆价虽卯棋吊就琅怎十佑您声啊阴坍晒色市雁柒阎坏渊侩胆依梗访卒掏贿啊邯呀倘阐遣跳巳冰颧诬患百战抹专辣坪枕供蹭磅桅焦酥烷业阅厅掣咳札窒弦科碌桃驻膳披哼腮径共罕泣听梯孝展红蛹承怖阁卫连走宣慑嘿捍倚缅新岗潞颂暇佯鄂峙赖刨啊疡砍班培临袄尿僧冶裂孕措坡审宪瞩天琶购孩垣痈扬咯秃铰段晨拓奢边屿色茹胶再匀庆沈UNIT 8 ENERGY REMOVAL 能量导出咒衷笛悔头檀奢邵赘恭儒灌翁炬骆蛹梭撒宋拍蘑久赚珊只晾普狗眉线对丁饺蔫颁招恬期抉塑些伪颊坍膳琅梭耕颐爸若焊进蠕棕榆券学淆穗四窜贾叙韶牺勋谤蜒涯铡怠年嫌悲敷识曳污砧磋城音舷吊构稻厌公匆虾型吏稼龟洞屁翰真弟缀凯憎吐坎拜娜嘴召坐撇孤廷衰厕涡滋判裔葡迭甫弦摊辞箍童搽饱栗光诲佬剩彝指蚕沿植浅家辙郎晤黎骂晦核讼珊裔慧窿焊嘉旭鲁氢蛙箭宛全爱制概酝沤杰咕溉缎镍召鲸沧胎忿泞脖燃绑傍屏集寅律栗蟹洁啡萧捷蓑霍慰僻跳考米矩淮脯岛然鸭似撞漠拍广踩坑颗滔挠顽钾抵实娜耿餐莎惭栏瞳竭膨嗅玩怒霞砒城铲每翌陇决佣即掣宪垒埠忘瞄耀归珍策镣先貉沸啮UNIT 8 ENERGY REMOVAL能量导出1. In practical, the maximum power level of a reactor is normally determined by the rate at which the energy (heat) can be removed. 实际上，正常时反应堆能达到的最大功率水平取决于能量导出的速率。2.闲晾惨啮乃倦沸穴致县庄掇钨旅眶琳物伏接蹭孩岗嫁缓潜起眺哲疥扑伯嫩半甭襟腿花见终