山西省沁县中学2017_2018学年高一英语下学期期末考试习题（含解析）.docx

沁县中学2017-2018学年度第二学期期末考试高一英语答题时间：120分钟，满分：150分（命题人：卫明凤）第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分60分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。APersonal RobotMake your parents and teachers happy!Are you having problems finishing your homework on time? Do you avoid tidying your room until your mom shouts at you? You dont need to worry if you buy a Mr. Helping Hand personal robot. Mr. H can be programmed to organize your homework. Your own personal robot will follow you around, putting away books and objects that you have left on the floor or bed.Mr. H also has these features (特点)weighs only 500 gramsincludes long-lasting batteriescomes with a 5-year guaranteeremembers simple instructionsOriginally (最初) sold for $499NOW ONLY $299PENGO WATCH CONTROLThis is a watch that James Bond would be proud to wear!This is NOT a watch for ordinary people!Your electronic PENGO WATCH CONTROLacts as a remote control for TVs and videos.gives you a daily weather forecast.reminds you when to hand in your homework.sets off a silent warning alarm when parents or teachers are near.Besides, your PENGO WATCH CONTROL will always tell you the time accurately!Originally sold for $199NOW ONLY $99 For more information, click here.1. With help from a Mr.H, you can _.A. stop using batteriesB. get your room tidied on your way homeC. remember your teachers instructionsD. finish your homework on time2. If you buy a PENGO WATCH CONTROL now, you can save _.A. 99 B. 100C. 200 D. 1993. Where would you be most likely to find the two texts?A. On a notice board B. In a company brochure.C. On a teenage website D. In a college newspaper.【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C【解析】这是一篇广告类阅读。文章主要介绍了适合青少年应用的个人机器人。【1题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在Make your parents and teachers happy!部分，Are you having problems finishing your homework on time? You dont need to worry if you buy a Mr. Helping Hand personal robot.你在按时完成家庭作业方面存在问题吗？如果你买这款Mr. Helping Hand私人机器人，你就不用再担心这个问题，故选D。【2题详解】简单计算题。答案定位在最后一段Originally sold for $199 NOW ONLY $99 For more information, click here.可知PENGO WATCH CONTROL原价199美元，现价99美元，因此推断出你可以节省100美元，故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。这两篇文章主要介绍了适合青少年应用的个人机器人，所以这两篇文章最可能出现在青少年网站，故选C。BGold Coast family holidays are always great fun whether you are from Australia or from abroad. There are beautiful beaches, adventure parks, nature parks and so much more.There are so many sights to see here. It is a pity to drive in a car and youll miss a great part of it. Australia is home to many animals and birds that can only be seen when moving slowly and going into the areas that they live.When you are on a bicycle, you have the advantage of being able tostop whenever you want to see an interesting animal or bird that you have never seen before. It is a quieterwayof transportation as well, so you might even be able to take a picture. When you are on the beach, you can breathe that clean air and view the beauty of the water and sand. It is a totally different experience from either simply sunbathing or passing it in a car.There are many choices of hiring a bicycle to experience the Gold Coast attractions. There are stores that will fit a bike perfectly to your size. These bikes for both adults and children are in many styles and colors to please any taste. If you have ever wanted to try atandembike(双人单车), now is your chance, because they have those too.A bicycle hire on Gold Coast is something that everyone should try at least once. This is a wonderful chance for anyone who likes to cycle and it is also a cheap way to travel with your family.4. Driving in a car on Gold Coast is not suggested because _.A. you will break the traffic rules B. you cant enjoy the beautiful scenery wellC. you will cause much noise D. you cant drive into some parks5. The following advantages of hiring bikes are mentioned EXCEPT that _.A. it is a good way to do sunbathingB. it is a cheap way of travelingC. you can get a clearer sight of animalsD. you can take photos of animals6. What is the authors attitude towards a bike hire on Gold Coast?A. He doesnt like this way of traveling B. He thinks it is a personal choiceC. He supports it very much. D. He thinks it is only good for adults7. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?A. How to hire bikes on Gold Coast B. What kinds of bikes there are in storesC. What bikes are the most popular D. Who can hire bikes on Gold Coast【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章作者推荐人们在澳大利亚黄金海岸旅行时，最好租自行车旅行，并说明了诸多好处。【4题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第二段It is a pity to drive in a car and youll miss a great part of it.可知不建议在黄金海岸开车，因为你会错过很大一部分美景，故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。本题询问文章中没有提到的租自行车的好处，此题适宜使用排除法来作答。由文章的最后一段This is a wonderful chance for anyone who likes to cycle and it is also a cheap way to travel with your family.可知租自行车旅行是一种很省钱的方式，排除B；第三段When you are on a bicycle, you have the advantage of being able tostop whenever you want to see an interesting animal or bird that you have never seen before.可知租自行车旅行，可以更清楚地看到动物，排除C；第三段It is a quieter way of transportation as well, so you might even be able to take a picture.可知租自行车旅行，你可以给动物拍照，排除D，故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在最后一段A bicycle hire on Gold Coast is something that everyone should try at least once.可知作者认为在黄金海岸租自行车旅行是每个人至少应该尝试一次的，由此推知作者非常支持租自行车旅行，故选C。【7题详解】段落大意题。第四段There are many choices of hiring a bicycle to experience the Gold Coast attractions. There are stores that will fit a bike perfectly to your size.是段落主题句，第四段主要讲了在租自行车时，可供选择的自行车种类，故选B。CPaula and her husband have four kids, three pet dogs, and a rabbit. When the house is very noisy, Helen, one of the children, is quietly inventing. A year ago, the 10-year-old had to design an anti-smoking poster for a school project. Rather than a poster, she came up with the idea of creating something that shows the average amount of tar(尼古丁) a smoker collects from just four packs of cigarettes.“I like people to play with things more than read and write,” she says. So she researched her idea on the Internet, found a company in China that could make it, saved up her pocket money and got her idea made.Paula says her daughter “thinks differently”: Ideas jump into her mind. After she got sun-burnt on holiday, Helen invented a small plastic bracelet（手镯) that changes color in the sun, telling you when to put on sunscreen. Several sunscreen companies have expressed an interest in the idea. She also came up with an idea to make a ball filled with water to stop the dog from feeling thirsty. “But we didnt do anything with it,” says Paula.Then she pulls out a picture of a special fishing rod she has designed. “ There is a camera on the hook, ” she explains, “and the screen is on the handle，and it shows you if youve caught a fish or not. ”Helen doesnt want to go to university. She keeps her pink-and-cream bedroom tidy. Paula is amazed and a bit confused by her daughter. “Everything has to be in a certain order,” Paula says. “Her brothers and sistersgo with the flow, but with Helen, its What time will that be happening? or Where am I being picked up from today? ”8. From Paragraph 2, we can infer that Helen _.A. is not willing to go to schoolB. likes to play with her brothers and sistersC. prefers making something by herselfD. is good at reading and writing9. What did Helen invent after she got sun-burnt on vacation?A. The anti-smoking posterB. The bracelet telling when to put on sunscreenC. The ball providing water for thirsty dogsD. The fishing rod telling whether youve caught a fish10. The underlined phrase “go with the flow” probably means “_”.A. do what most people usually doB. set an example to othersC. follow the fashion closelyD. do something differently from others11. The passage is mainly about _.A. how Helen helps people give up smokingB. a little girls dream to be a world-famous inventorC. a 10-year-old inventors storyD. Helens relationship with her family members【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了十岁的Helen有自己的想法，不想上大学，她在安静地进行自己的发明创造。【8题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在第二段“I like people to play with things more than read and write,” she says. So she researched her idea on the Internet, found a company in China that could make it, saved up her pocket money and got her idea made.可知 Helen说：“我喜欢人们制造东西，而不只是拘泥于读和写”，而实际上，她也是把自己的想法应用于了实践。由此，从第二自然段，我们可以推断出Helen更喜欢自己制造东西，故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第三段After she got sun-burnt on holiday, Helen invented a small plastic bracelet（手镯) that changes color in the sun, telling you when to put on sunscreen.可知度假时，Helen被晒伤后，她发明了能告知什么时候抹防晒霜的手镯，故选B。【10题详解】词义猜测题。答案定位在最后一段“Everything has to be in a certain order,” Paula says.可知Paula说：“每件事情都有它一定的顺序”，与下文相呼应，可推知Her brothers and sistersgo with the flow, but with Helen的意思是她的兄弟姐妹都随大流，而Helen却不是。“go with the flow”的意思是像大多数人那样去做，故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。第一段When the house is very noisy, Helen, one of the children, is quietly inventing.是文章的主题句，结合全文内容可知这篇文章主要讲了十岁的Helen有自己的想法，不想上大学，她在安静地进行自己的发明创造，故选C。【点睛】本文第四题考查了主旨大意题。我们可以直接从主题段第一段中找出主题句。在完成主旨大意题时，抓住中心思想或主题非常重要。一篇文章一般表达一个中心内容或主题。这个中心内容或主题通常用一个句子来概括。此句叫做主题句。一般来说，说明文和议论文都有主题句，而且多位于文章的开头，有时也位于文章的中间或末尾。但有时不能在文中直接找到主题句，要求读者把握每段的主题句，弄清段与段之间逻辑关系的基础上自己归纳总结。主题句必须能简洁明了地概括全文的主要内容，具有高度的综合性和概括性。文章或段落的其他句子都是对主题句的进一步解释、说明、论证或扩展。常见的主旨型题干：1) What is the topic sentence of the passage?2) This article/text/passage mainly tells that _.3) Which of the following gives a general idea of the passage?4) Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?DMost children have ever heard their parents yell“sit up straight ！”or“dont slouch（无精打采）！”when they eat dinnerNowadays，it is also heard around another activity -video games. Ten-year-old Owaish admits it takes him three to four hours a day to play games on his tablet computer. In addition, he plays for about two hours on the smart phone every day. As a result, he started suffering a severe pain in the neck around June or July. Whats worse, the pain has spread to the hand and back gradually, which makes his mother Mehzabin become concerned.The doctors note the number of young children with the chronic pain（慢性痛） in their necks，arms and shoulders is on the increase sharply in recent years. They are not aging, they havent had an accident, the blood reports are fine, their X-rays are fine. Facts have proved that the pain is from the poor posture while they are playing video games on smart phones or other electronic devices. 19-year-old student Nida feels pain in the finger which holds the weight of her smart phone most of the day. Nida almost uses her smart phone 24/7, which means 24 hours a day,seven days a week, or all the time.Health experts predict there will be not only physical but psychological and emotional problems resulting from the overuse of electronic devices. They encourage people to often take breaks and exercise from using computers,smart phones or other devices. Stand up. Stretch the legs, back, shoulders and arms in all the possible directions. That is the most effective way and maybe the key to solving the problem completely. After all, the medication does not help sometimes.12. What is Mehzabin worried about?A. Her son has no table mannersB. Her son doesnt work hard at schoolC. Her sons physical problems get worseD. Her son spends much money on video games13. What do we know about the chronic pain?A. Adults dont have the problemB. It is caused by the wrong body positionC. Using a heavy smart phone will cause it.D. Children with it usually have other diseases14. According to health experts,_A. people should stop using smart phonesB. the best treatment for the chronic pain is exercisingC. people must take medicine to cure the chronic painD. the chronic pain has nothing to do with ones mental health15. Where does the text probably come from?A. A health reportB. A news storyC. A research planD. A business magazine【答案】12. C 13. B 14. B 15. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了现在越来越多的孩子由于过度地玩手机和电脑，引发了慢性疼痛这个问题。健康专家认为，慢性疼痛最好的治疗方法是运动。【12题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第一段Whats worse, the pain has spread to the hand and back gradually, which makes his mother Mehzabin become concerned.可知Mehzabin担心她儿子身体上的问题，越来越严重，故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在倒数第二段Facts have proved that the pain is from the poor posture while they are playing video games on smart phones or other electronic devices.可知慢性疼痛是由错误的身体姿势造成的，故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在最后一段Stand up. Stretch the legs, back, shoulders and arms in all the possible directions. That is the most effective way and maybe the key to solving the problem completely.可知健康专家认为，慢性疼痛最好的治疗方法是运动，故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。这篇文章主要讲了现在越来越多的孩子由于过度地玩手机和电脑，引发了慢性疼痛这个问题。健康专家认为，慢性疼痛最好的治疗方法是运动。这是一篇关于健康问题的文章，所以这篇文章最可能出自健康报告，故选A。第二节 (共5小题;每小题3分,满分15分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。All over the world, animals and plants are in trouble. People are trying to find ways to help them. _16_.Adopt an animal.Many zoos and wildlife organizations have programs that let kids donate money to help a specific endangered animal. _17_.Dont release fish or pets onto the wild._18_. Your pet is not native to where you live. Set loose, it might become an invasive species, or it might spread parasites (寄生虫). So keep your fish in their tank, or find them a new home but not the pond._19_.Chemicals used to kill garden weeds and bugs are a big problem for animals. Maybe if you offered to pull up the weeds instead, you could help people to use fewer poisons.Speak up!Share what you know and speak up for the animals. Write letters! Powerful people need to know that you care and that youre keeping an eye on them to make sure they do their jobs right and protect the planet.Make less trash.Pollution and plastic trash are bad for animals and nature. How can you help?_20_.Take your lunch in a lunchbox or reusable bag.Bring cloth bags to the store and remind grow-ups of they forget.A.It might seem kind to set pets free-but it isnt.B.But what can you do in daily life?C.Pull weeds.D.Pulling weeds is a chore-but you said you want to help!E.People are finding lots of ways to help the endangered species.F.For your next birthday, why not ask your friends and family to help you adopt.G.Bring drinks from home in a refillable bottle.【答案】16. B 17. F 18. A 19. C 20. G【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章指出了全世界的动物和植物处于困境中这个问题，并且人们正在试图找到帮助它们的方法。作者列出了一些可行的办法。【16题详解】上文All over the world, animals and plants are in trouble. People are trying to find ways to help them.指出了全世界的动物和植物处于困境中这个问题，并且人们正在试图找到帮助它们的方法。承接上文，B选项“但是你在日常生活中能做些什么呢?”切题，答案是B。【17题详解】上文Many zoos and wildlife organizations have programs that let kids donate money to help a specific endangered animal.指出了许多动物园和野生动物组织有让孩子们捐钱帮助一个特定的濒危的动物的计划。承接上文，F选项“对于你的下一个生日，为什么不让你的朋友和家人来帮助你收养呢？”切题，而且F选项中的adopt与这一段的标题Adopt an animal.相呼应，答案是F。【18题详解】这一段落的标题是Dont release fish or pets onto the wild. 不要把鱼或是宠物放生到野外，与之相呼应，A选项“把宠物放生似乎是很友好的，但事实上它不是。”切题，答案是A。【19题详解】Chemicals used to kill garden weeds and bugs are a big problem for animals. Maybe if you offered to pull up the weeds instead, you could help people to use fewer poisons. 这一段落的意思是为了除去菜园的野草和害虫而使用化学药品，这对于动物来说是一个巨大的问题。如果你能帮忙拔去野草，你可能会帮助人们减少使用有毒物品。这一段的标题是拔去野草，答案是C。【20题详解】上文Pollution and plastic trash are bad for animals and nature. How can you help? 污染和塑料垃圾对动物和自然有害，你该怎么帮忙？下文给出了三条具体的建议，而G选项“用一个可再次盛水的瓶子从家里带水”正是其中的一条建议，故选G。第二部分 语言知识运用 （共两节,满分55分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题2分,满分40分）阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。My family often had a get-together with friends in my childhood. As I was smart, there was always someone who would come up to mention my high _21_ and ask, “What are you going to do when you _22_?”Well, it started out being a teacher or a hero. _23_ it was a fireman, an artist As I grew older my dreams of the future _24_. When I was going to college, I was asked, “What will you major in?”, another question _25_ to find out what I would be when I grew up.By then I made up my mind to become a _26_ programmer. So I was studying software for much of my life. I am _27_ that I could realize my dream. The realization of my life purpose encourages me to help others to succeed in their own _28_.However, for many, there is a “_29_” which goes around stealing our dreams and robbing us of the _30_ mental state to achieve our _31_. Sometimes, the thief will come as a parent, a relative, or a friend, _32_ the greatest thief is just ourselves.Usually when we are about to _33_ the aim, a “small” voice inside will say, “You will never _34_.” “Very few have ever done this successfully.” And on and on the “small” voice makes us _35_ heart and fail.Failure, _36_, helps our dreams to come true. It is one of the most important _37_ we have, because it teaches us _38_ lessons. And, when we learn these lessons well, we are _39_ for success.There are no “overnight” successes, but with perseverance（毅力）, they will come. So just dont _40_. Let dreams stay in your life.21. A. intelligence B. power C. quality D. character22. A. get up B. pick up C. grow up D. set up23. A. Later B. Before C. Recently D. Meanwhile24. A. kept B. changed C. formed D. continued25. A. imagined B. designed C. supposed D. answered26. A. car B. radio C. computer D. satellite27. A. surprised B. happy C. interested D. worried28. A. studies B. work C. lives D. experience29. A. thief B. parent C. friend D. relative30. A. same B. only C. necessary D. exact31. A. results B. advantages C. power D. goals32. A. so B. because