高考英语 To do的基本用法课件.ppt

todo 一 动词不定式的作用 动词不定式具有副词 形容词和名词的特征 因此在句中可作主语 定语 宾语 表语 宾语补足语 状语等成分 1 主语toliveistowork tosavetimeistolengthenlife 但为使句子平衡 常用it代它作主语 把它移到句子后部去 itisagreatpleasuretoplaybasketball 即 itis was adj n todoitisbesttodoso 2 作表语hisjobistoteachenglish themainthingistokeepourmachinefromrust a 表示按计划和安排将要发生的事情 heistomarryrose b 表示主语的内容 但侧重于目的性 herwishwastobecomeanartist c 表示情态意义 应该 必须 theformistobefilledinandreturnedwithinaweek sheistoblame 3 作宾语 跟在某些动词后 ilearntospeakenglish theydecidedtobegintheexprimentatonce a 跟不定式作宾语的常见动词 hope want expect wish desire like love dislike hate plan intend mean prepare decide determine afford fail manage try dare help promise refuse learn offer agree forget botheraskbegdecideseempretenwishdemandrefusemanagehappen b 常跟疑问词 不定式作宾语的动词 tell advise show teach findout decide discuss learn explain tellsbwhattodo 4作宾语补足语ilikeyoutodoitthisway pleaseaskjohntoturnonthelight 跟不定式作宾语补足语的动词a let have make get等表使役的动词theymadeusgowiththem 注意 let have makesb do getsb todotheygotustogowiththem 注意 变被动式要加totheboywasmadetostudy b ask tell request order等表要求 命令的动词thechairmanrequestedthememberstobesilent c allow permit forbid等表许可或禁止的动词theguardforbademetoenter d wish want expect intend等表希望的动词 hope无此用法 manyparentsexpecttheirchildrentostudyabroade see watch notice hear listento observe feel等表感官的动词inoticedtearscomeintohiseyes weoftenhearhersingthesongathome 注 感官动词后的不定式均不带to f 其他动词advise help persuade encourage warn cause force remind pleaseremindmetotaketheraincoat 5 作定语 1 动词不定式作定语时 须放在被修饰的名词或代词的后面 hesaidhehadanimportanttoattend thefishermanhadnothingtotakehomethatmoring 2 如果不定式是不及物动词 后面就应有必要的介词 givemeapieceofpapertowriteon heislookingforaroomtolivein 3 有很多名词常可用不定式作定语 decision wish chance promise plan time attempt effort right ability patie