高中英语阅读理解 第四部分 动物世界（五）练习.doc

第四部分 动物世界（五）21. the ant lion, a very interesting creature蚁狮 非常有趣的动物蚁狮是一种非常有趣的动物，但可能并不常见。这种小动物的外形像蜘蛛，头小，有一对大颚，平常是倒退着走。它会在沙地上一面旋转一面向下钻，在沙上作成一个漏斗状的陷阱，自己则躲在漏斗最底端的沙子下面，并用大颚把沙子往外弹抛，使得漏斗周围平滑陡峭。 当蚂蚁或小虫爬入陷阱时，因沙子松动而滑下，蚁狮会不断向外弹抛沙子，使受害者被流沙推进中心，然后蚁狮就用大颚将猎物钳住，并拖进沙里将它吃掉。快来看看它是怎么捕捉猎物的。if you are out walking in the countryside, and you happen to come across an area of dry, sandy soil, you may find some small holes in the ground, shaped like an upside-down cone, perfectly round at the top and tapering down to a point. if you then get a piece of grass, and gently touch the side of this hole, making a few grains of sand fall to the bottom, and a little creature may finally appear, looking for a meal.the creature is called an ant lion, and the hole or pit is the method it uses to catch its food. the ant lion is actually the wormlike young of an insect. it digs its pit by crawling backwards in a small circle. it uses one of its front legs to pile sand up on its head, and then twists its head quickly, throwing the sand out of the pit. round and round it goes, in smaller and smaller circles, throwing out the sand, until it has created a pit of about 5 centimeter in diameter at the top, and 3 or 4 centimeters deep. next it buries itself at the bottom, with just its strong jaws showing. then it sits and waits with great patience.finally, an ant or another small insect will come by, and step into the pit. if it falls to the bottom, the ant lion will seize it in its jaws, and eat it. but if the ant tries to climb up the side of the pit, the falling sand will warn the ant lion at the bottom, and it will throw up sand with its head, causing a small fall of sand which will make the ant fall back down again, to its death.comprehension questions:1. the purpose of touching the ant lions hole with a piece of grass is to_.a. try to catch an ant lion b. see how it catches insects c. give the ant lion some food d. make it bury itself in the sand2. according to the information given in the passage, the ant lion is a kind of _. a. ant b. lion c. insect d. locust (bcadb)22. the sea horse is not a horse海马不是马海马不是马，而是一种特殊的鱼类。海马因其头部酷似马头而得名。海马是最不像鱼的鱼类，集合了马、虾、象三种动物的特征于一身。它有马形的头，蜻蜒的眼睛，虾一样的身子，还有一个象鼻一般的尾巴，皇冠式的角棱，头与身体成直角的弯度，以及披着甲胄的身体，还有垂直游泳的方式。海马还是一种经济价值较高的名贵中药，具有强身健体、补肾壮阳、舒筋活络、消炎止痛、镇静安神、止咳平喘等药用功能，特别是对于治疗神经系统的疾病更为有效。comprehension questions:1. unlike most other fish, the sea horse _.a. cannot swim b. is a fast swimmerc. does not often swim d. swims only in shallow water2. when fully grown, the sea horse measures about _. a. three inches b. five feet c. five inches d. fifteen inches3. the sea horse protects itself from enemies _. a. by its speed b. by its color c. with its snout d. with its tail4. the sea horse finds its food on the _.a. seabed b. seaweed c. both a and b. d. neither a nor b.5. the writer prefers to use the word “tall” to describe a sea horses size because it is generally_.a. upright b. long c. fat d. hooked(ccbba)23. why did the lizards tail disappear?蜥蜴的尾巴为何消失了蜥蜴的体形虽然不大，可是尾巴却不小，而且又粗又长，这是为什么呢？原来，蜥蜴的尾巴是它危急时断尾自救的工具，是贮存营养的仓库，也是其力量和地位的象征。当蜥蜴遇到天敌时，便自断其尾，以活脱脱乱动的尾巴吸引天敌，自身则逃之夭夭，脱离险境，免受丧生之难。然后，新的尾巴还会慢慢长出来。然而，该文中的小作者抓到一只蜥蜴后，把它放在玻璃缸里观察，发现在没有敌人追击的情况下，蜥蜴的尾巴却不见了。究竟是怎么回事？快在下面的文章中寻找答案吧。tom was a member of the biology group. he was interested in breeding fish and collecting insects.once he caught a house-lizard and put it in a large glass jar with some dirt in the bottom so he could watch and study its habits.watching carefully, he discovered that the lizard liked to enjoy catching and eating moths which it caught with its long tongue. in winter, when the temperature dropped below 21 degrees centigrade, he found the lizard hibernated. one day he was astonished to see that its long, thin tail had disappeared. where had it gone? he remembered reading a book which said that when a lizard is chased by an enemy, it casts its tail so that the enemy is attracted by the waggling tail while the lizard gets away. but there were no signs of anything having attacked the lizard. where on earth could the tail have vanished? perhaps the lizard had got hungry and eaten its own tail because he had not brought it any food for two days. he asked his schoolmates if they knew anything about it, but could not get any help. then he thought if he could see what was in its stomach that might help him solve the mystery, but he was afraid that when he opened it up, his schoolmates would laugh at him if there was no tail there.his teacher had often told them that if they wish to have knowledge they must have courage enough to seek it. he asked himself why he was being so timid where there was really nothing to fear? so he killed the lizard and carefully slit open its stomach. how exciting! there, right before his eyes, was the missing tail! his guess was correct. he began to understand that scientific observation is very important and that it can train him to analyze and solve problems through practical experience.comprehension questions:1. tom was a _.a. biologist b. number of the biology group c. student d. teacher2. the lizard escapes from its enemy by means of _.a. attracting it b. attacking it c. chasing it d. casting its tail (cddb)24. dolphins are the best swimmers in water海豚是水中游得最快的动物海豚是一类智力发达、非常聪明的动物，它们既不像森林中胆小的动物那样见人就逃，也不像深山老林中的猛兽那样遇人就张牙舞爪。海豚总是表现出十分温顺可亲的样子与人接近，比起狗和马来，它们对待人类有时甚至更为友好。海豚救人的故事，我们听了很多很多，海豚与人玩耍、嬉戏的报道也常有所闻，有的故事甚至成为轰动一时的新闻。经过学习训练的海豚，甚至能模仿某些人的话音。尤其是它们的游泳速度是非常惊人的。dolphins live their whole lives in water. but they are not fish. they are mammals that live in water.thats why a dolphin comes to the top of the water so often. it has to breathe air. a dolphins nose isnt easy to see. its just a tiny hole on top of the dolphins head. this hole is called a blowhole.a dolphin comes up every half minute or so to breathe. it opens its blowhole and takes in air. then it closes the blowhole tight and dives under the water again. but a dolphin can stay under the water for six or seven minutes, if it has to. it holds its breath.a dolphin hears with two ears. it hears all sorts of small noises under water. it hears small stones rolling. it can hear the sound fish and other dolphins make.a dolphins ears may be very small, but its mouth is very big. it holds almost one hundred teeth. these teeth are all the same shape and size. they are used for catching food, but not for chewing it. a dolphin opens its big mouth and seizes a fish firmly between its two rows of teeth. then it swallows the fish whole.a dolphin swims very fast. it is said that a dolphin swims faster than anything else in the water. so engineers are studying its skin and shape. they are learning ways to make boats go faster through the water.3. whats the meaning of a “blowhole”? _a. it means the eye of a dolphin. b. it is a kind of dolphins skin. c. it means the nose of a dolphin. d. it means the ear of a dolphin.4. why can a dolphin swim very fast? because _a. it has something to do with its skin and shape. b. it lives in the water.c. it has an extra big mouth. d. it has to seize fishes to eat.5. the dolphin comes to the top of the water so often because _a. it feels hot in the water. b. it jumps up with joy.c. it has to breathe air. d. it has to see how deep the water is.(cdcac)25. how do animals spend the winter? (i)动物如何过冬（一）冬天到了，气候冷了。人类住在暖和的房子里，穿着厚厚的棉衣，从商店里买到可口的食物。可是，你是否想过那些可怜的小动物，它们怎么过冬，躲避严寒？想想那些鸟类，兽类和昆虫，它们只好八仙过海，各显其能。首先想到的是迁徙，从寒冷的地方到暖和的地方，不失为一种好的方法。the weather gets colder, days get shorter and leaves turn color and fall off the trees. soon, winter is here. snow covers the ground. people live in warm houses and wear heavy coats outside. our food comes from the grocery store. but what happens to the animals?animals do many different, amazing things to get through the winter. some of them migrate. this means they travel to other places where the weather is warmer or they can find food.many birds migrate in the fall. because the trip can be dangerous, some travel in large flocks. for example, geese fly in noisy, v-shaped groups. other kinds of birds fly alone. how do they know when it is time to leave for the winter? scientists are still studying this. many see migration as part of a yearly cycle of changes a bird goes through. the cycle is controlled by changes in the amount of daylight and the weather. birds can fly very long distances. for example, the arctic tern nests close to the north pole in the summer. in autumn, it flies south all the way to antarctica. each spring it returns north again. insects also migrate. some butterflies and moths fly very long distances. for example, monarch butterflies spend