高中英语第一单元Grammar课件牛津版必修2.ppt

名词性从句 grammarandusage 作何种成分 主句 从句 hisjobisimportant whathedoesisimportant 主语 thisishisjob thisiswhathedoeseveryday 表语 主语从句 表语从句 hedoesn tlikehisjob hedoesn tlikewhathedoeseveryday 宾语 idon tknowabouttheman mr white idon tknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher 同位语 heisn tinterestedinwhathedoeseveryday 动词 宾语从句 介词 宾语从句 同位语从句 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句 nounclauses 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组 它在复合句中能担任主语 宾语 表语 同位语 介词宾语等 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能 名词从句又可分别称为主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句和同位语从句 名词从句 atlunchtime theradioweathermanreportedthatthemistwouldbecomeathickfogintheafternoon 2 shewonderedifthebuseswouldstillberunning 3 shesensedthatshewasbeingwatchedbyatallmaninadarkcoat 4 theconductorhasmadeitclearthatnobuseswillberunning 何种名词性从句 宾语从句 宾语从句 宾语从句 宾语从句 5 thaticanpaybackthehelppeoplegivememakesmehappy 6 itmakesmehappythaticanpaybackthehelppeoplegiveme 7 thetruthisthatthefogistoothickforthebustorunthatfar 8 thenewsthatthefogwastoothickforthebustorunthatfarmadepollyworried 何种名词性从句 主语从句 主语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 名词性从句的一种 功能相当于名词词组 它在复合句中作主句的谓语动词或介词的宾语 宾语从句引导词有 that whether if who whom whose what which when where how why等 宾语从句 宾语从句考点归纳 一 引导词的选用 1 that和what that无具体意思 不作任何成分 只起连接作用 在口语中往往省略 what有具体意思 除起连接作用外 还充当成分 可做从句的主语 宾语 表语 适用于其他名词性从句 1 ithinkit sgoingtobeabigproblem yes itcouldbe iwonder wecandoaboutit 2002北京春季 a ifb howc whatd that practice 2 aman sworthlaysnotsomuchin hehasasin heis a that whatb what whatc that thatd what that that what 1 hewantsisabook 2 hewantstogothereisobvious 3 theresultis wewonthegame 4 thisis wewanttoknow what that that what 5 is hetoldustrue 6 weshouldpayattentionto theteacherissaying 7 ihavenodoubt hewillcome 8 ihavenoidea hedidthatafternoon what what that what 2 if和whether 只能适用if的情况 引导条件状语从句 表示 如果 假如 eg ifitrainstomorrow thesportsmeetinghastobeputoff 只能使用whether的情况 a 引导介词后的宾语从句b whethertodo做动词宾语不能用iftodo c 引导主语 表语 宾语从句d whetherornot连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if e 主句谓语是discuss if whether1 iaskedher shehadabike 2 wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather if whether whether 3 we reworriedabout heissafe 4 idon tknow heiswellornot 5 idon tknow ornotheiswell whether whether if whether 6 thequestionis heshoulddoit 7 thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion theoldmanwillrecoversoon 8 idon tknow togo whether whether whether 引导词that的省略 that可省略的情况 单个宾语从句中的that可省略 that不可省略的情况 a 主语 表语 同位语从句b 用it做形式宾语的宾语从句c 并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词that不能省略 that that 1 idon tthink sheiscoming 2 itisapity hehasmadesuchamistake 3 thereasonis heiscareless 4 thenews ourteamwonthematchinspiredus that that that that 5 idon tthinkitnecessary youshouldreadenglishaloud 6 hetoldme hisfatherhaddiedand hehadtomakealivingalone that that that 其它连接代词和副词的连用 主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义 正确的选择who whom which when where why how等连接词 这些连接词既具有疑问含义 又起连接作用 同时在从句中充当各种成分 1 whatdidyouparentsthinkaboutyourdecision theyalwaysletmedo ithinkishould 06全国 a whenb thatc howd what practice 2 pleaseremindme hesaidhewasgoing imaybeintimetoseehimoff 06全国 a whereb whenc howd what 3 marywroteanarticleon theteamhadfailedtowinthegame 05全国 a whyb whatc whod that 宾语从句考点归纳 二 语序 宾语从句必须是陈述语序 主语 谓语 尤其要注意whether if和wh 疑问词引导的宾语从句 1 someoneisringingthedoorbellgoandsee 2000上海 a whoisheb whoheisc whoisitd whoitis practice 2 whatdidthescientistsay hesaidhewonderedif intospacebyspaceshiponeday a hehadtoflyb hecouldflyc canheflyd couldhefly 3 sheaskedtom withhiscar a whatthematterwasb whatthematterisc whatwasthematterd whatisthematter 宾语从句的时态呼应 如果主句时态是现在时或将来时 从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态 a 他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的 hebelieves hisdreamwillcometruesomeday b 请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么 pleasetellme whatyouweredoingatthistimeyesterday 2 如果主句谓语是过去时 从句谓语动词一般用过去的某种时态 但从句表达的是客观事实 真理 自然规律等时 从句谓语通常用一般现在时 他告诉我他正在为考试做准备 hetoldme 他说他已离开家乡十年了 hetoldme hewaspreparingfortheexamination hehadbeenawayfromhishometownfortenyears 老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的 theteachertellus lighttravelsinastraightline 1 ourfathersaidthathe anewcomputernextweek a willbuyb haveboughtc wouldbuyd buys practice 2 ihearthathe tobeijingyesterday a goesb willgoc wentd havegone 3 it s7 30 ican tbelieveyou cookingdinneryetsally a haven tstartedb didn tc don tstartd hadn tstarted 4 theteachertoldusyesterdaythatdecember25 christmasday a isb wasc hasbeend willbe 5 theteachersaidthattheearth roundthesun a goesb goc wentd willgo 同位语从句的引导和辨别 1 同位语从句的格式 n 连接词 从句2 能接同位语从句的名词有 fact idea news information order belief suggestion advice等3 连接词通常是that 也可根据含义选用whether what when where等来引导同位语从句 ihavenoidea hecomesfrom 2 hecan tanswerthequestion hegotthemoney 3 hegaveusmanysuggestions weshouldgetupearlierandtakemoreexercise that whether where how where how that 4 ihavenodoubt hewillwin 5 ihavesomedoubt hewillwin that whether 同位语从句和定语从句的区别 1 定语从句是先行词的修饰语 它不涉及先行词的具体内容 定语从句中that不但起连接作用 而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分 充当从句的宾语成分时可省略 2 同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明 表明中心词的具体内容 引导同位语从句的that在同位语从句中不做任何成分 只起连接作用 无具体含义 且不可省略 1 weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpressed 2 weexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometochinaagain 定语从句 同位语从句 定语从句 同位语从句 1 theinformationhasbeenannouncedthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversity 2 theinformationthatherevealedatthemeetingisofgreatvalue 定语从句 同位语从句 名词demand suggestion proposal advice等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气 结构为should do should可省略 hegavemeasuggestionthati should becalmnow practicetime 1 itnowappears theyareinneedofhelp a thatb whichc whatd how2 itisgoodnews theywillarriveinafewdays a whichb whatc thatd how 3 it joedrivesbadly a thoughtthatb thinksthatc isthinkthatd isthoughtthat4 it heislateforclass a maythatb mightthatc maybethatd mightbewhat 5 thisis shewasborn a whereb whichc thatd what6 thequestionis wecan tgotheretoday a thatb whatc whichd when 7 thequestionis itisworthdoing a ifb whetherc whichd what8 thereasonhehasmadesuchgreatprogressis hehasn