新概念英语第三册笔记第22课.doc

Lesson22 Byheart 熟记台词 New words and expression 生词和短语run(ran,run) vi（戏剧, 电影等）连演，连映 （持续的意思，=last）- Thefilmissosuccessfulthatitrunsforseveralweeks.补充：vt 经营 he runs a successful furniture business.Lines n.（剧本中的）台词线条，可以抽象，a face covered with deep lines of care. 满面愁容 a face lined with age 起了皱纹的脸hold the line please. 电话Part n.剧中的角色, 台词party 合同或者正式场合中不同的一方。甲方乙方。Falter f:lt(r) v.支吾, 结巴说- Hehaspractisedthepoemseveraltimes, sohehasnocausetofalter. 他练习这首诗好多次了，所以没有理由结巴。Stammer stm(r) v.口吃, 结巴着说出, 结结巴巴地说Falter vi.蹒跚而行蹒跚踉跄, 摇摆= Stagger stg(r) v.摇晃, 蹒跚, 交错, 摇摇摆摆-Hefalteredhome.cast(cast,cast) v.选派扮演角色（挑选(演员);使出演(某角色)） N 卡司 (戏剧、电影的)全体演员- Theactorwascastintheroleofhero. 这个演员在剧中扮演英雄的角色。vt 1、投射（光、视线） The moon cast a bright light over the yard 2、扔;抛;投;丢 3、投(票) 4、浇铸，铸造（加热熔化后倒入模型里，冷却后凝固成器物） n 铸件;模子 cast your mind back (to sth) =look back 回顾；回想be cast away （船遇难后幸存者）流落某处 cast sb/sthaside (formal) 抛弃；丢弃cast off 抛弃，丢弃 cast out 赶出，驱逐Role n.角色Aristocrat rstkrt n.贵族 （或有贵族派头的人） 可数 近义词 nobleman the noble 尊贵的人Imprison v.关押（= putsbin prison 关押某人）- Hewasimprisonedfor10years.imprisonment n.关押 - sentencesbtolifeimprisonment 判名人终生监禁prison, jail = gaol del n.监狱 - sendsbtoprison / putsbinprison / throwsbintoprisoninprison 坐牢（不加the） - Heisinprison/jail/gaol. = Heisbehindbars. 他在铁窗之后。Bastille n.巴士底狱Gaoler n.监狱长，看守 =jailerColleague n.同事 associate 合伙人，同事 companion 同伴Curtain n.（舞台上的）幕布Reveal rvi:l v.使显露, 揭露, 揭穿 同样意思还有名词词性1、显出；露出；展示（示）（show sth that previously could not be seen） He laughed, revealing a line of white teeth 露出白牙2、揭示；显示；透露（揭）（make sth known to sb）It was revealed that - Thesecrethasntbeenrevealed. 天启死时：All is revealedReveal vt.把什么露出来 - Acurtainwasupandrevealedthebeautifulscenery.（n.风景, 景色）Disclose vt.揭露，使公开（thetruth）（If you disclose new or secret information, you tell people about it.）Discover vt.发现Uncover vt. 1、揭开.的盖子 2、发现；揭露；揭发（to discover sth that was previously hidden or secret）Revealable adj.可展现的 rvi:lblRevealer n.探测器cell n.单人监房, 监号 （细胞；电池；基层组织，小组）blank adj.空白的squint v.眯着（眼）看, 瞄squintoneseyes眯着眼睛 - Hesquintedhiseyesandlookedattheletter.pearat 眯着眼睛看gaze 凝视，注视 （常指长时间无意识地或因好奇、惊讶等而盯着看。）gape 目瞪口呆地凝视 （指因惊讶或震惊而张着嘴、瞪大眼睛呆看。）glare 怒目而视 （指长时间用愤怒的目光凝视着某人或某物。）stare 凝视，瞪视 （指因生气、惊讶、思考等而瞪大眼睛长时间地注视某人或某物。）peep 窥视，偷看 （尤指通过孔眼、缝隙等迅速地偷窥。）glance 瞟，瞥 （指粗略地匆匆一瞥。）（动作）She glanced about the room before she leftglimpse瞥见 （指一瞥之下看见某人或某物，但未看清全貌。）（结果）He glimpsed a figure at the windowdim adj.昏暗 take a dim view of对持悲观看法；对持怀疑态度- TheroomistoodimsoIcantreadtheletter.Gloomy adj.(天气,心情)抑郁的 - Theweatherisgloomytoday. / Heisingloomymood.Dusky dski adj.(天色)漆黑的, 黑暗的 - Towards evening its getting dusky.Misty adj.多雾的, 迷蒙的 - Thebuildingisoutofsightonsuchamistyday.Sire n.（古用法）陛下Proceed v.继续进行（停顿之后的继续）proceedto/with 进行继续某事- Letsproceedtobusiness.- Youmustproceedwithyourwork.Proceedfrom 从着手开始继续- Tceedagainst sb 起诉某人- Hedecidedtoproceedagainsthisneighbour.Expect vt. (料)想, 认为, 指望Expect vt.要求Alone adj.单独的, 独一无二的 adv.独自地Anxious adj.担忧的, 渴望的, 盼望的Fellow adj.同伴的, 同事的, 同道的Learnt vt.记住Line n.台词Text 课文Whichactorreadtheletterintheend,thearistocratorthegaoler?Someplaysaresosuccessfulthattheyrunforyearsonend,Inmanyways,thisisunfortunateforthepooractorswhoarerequiredtogoonrepeatingthesamelinesnightafternight.Byheart 熟记onend = continuously adv.连续的（位于具体的时间之后）（介词短语做状语）- Hesatthereforhoursonend.- Wehadhardlyanythingtoeatfordaysonend.onend = upright adv.竖着- Thecatsfurstoodonend.- Igotabigshock,somyhairstoodonend. 我被吓了一跳, 以至于我毛骨悚然。Who = actor 关系代词做主语, 不能省略- Thestudentwhowasrequiredtorecitethepoem100timesisreallypoor.关于定语从句中的逻辑关系why are poor actors unfortunate?后面的who引导的定语从句，指出了原因。虽然定语从句的作用是下定义，但是其中可以隐含原因，甚至目的。Onewouldexpectthemtoknowtheirpartsbyheartandneverhavecausetofalter.learn/knowbyheart 把什么牢记在心- Thesentenceis soimportantthatyoumustlearnitbyheart.heartandsoul adv.全心全意的, 全身心的- Weseverthestudentsheartandsoul.takeheart 鼓起勇气, 恢复信心loseones heart 失去信心loseones hearttosb = giveones hearttosb 亲信于某人- Theboylosthishearttothegirl.putonesheartintosth 致力于某事- Nothingisdifficultifyouputyourheartintoit. 世上无难事, 只怕有心人。haveonesheartinonesboots 提心吊胆- Hehadhisheartinhisbootswhenhewentoutalongatnight.Would v. (will 的过去式)1 表示过去将来时, 用于第二、三人称(第一人称英国用 should, 美国用 would) 将, 会- He said he would come. 他说他要来。2 表示意愿愿; 偏要, 肯- He would eat nothing. 他不肯吃东西; 他什么也不愿吃。- I told him not to go, but he would not listen. 我叫他别去, 可他偏不听。- He would go in spite of our warnings. 他不听我们的劝告, 执意要去。3 表示过去的习惯动作常常, 总是- He would sit for hours doing nothing. 过去他常常 坐几个钟头什么事也不做。- He would come to see us on Sundays. 过去星期天他经常来看望我们。4 表示推测大概, 该是- I would be about ten when my brother left home. 我哥哥离开家时, 我大概十岁左右。5 表示某种假设的意志想要, 愿意- I could do so if I would. 要是我愿意, 我能够这样做(但我不愿意)。- If you would do this for me, I should be grateful indeed.若是你愿意为我做这件事, 我将万分感激 。6 表示虚拟, 假设, 虚 构, 用于虚拟条件句的主句第二、第三人称, 美国也用于第一人称要, 会, 就会, 将要- They would be killed if the car went over the cliff. 如果汽车翻在悬崖下, 他们就会丧命。- They would have been killed if the car had gone over the cliff.如果汽车当时翻到悬崖下, 他们早就丧命了。8 表示请求或个人想法、看法, 使语气更婉转请- Would you kindly show me the way to the station? 劳驾, 请问到车站的路怎么走?- I would like to speak a few words. 我想讲几句话。- It would seem that he was right. 看来他倒是对的。9 表示假想的愿望但愿, 要是.多好- Would I would that they were safe home again! 愿他们再能平安回家!- Would that I were young again. 我若能再年青些该多好啊!- We wish that he would come again. 我们但愿他会再来。- I would rather you came on Sunday. 希望你星期天来。10 表示能力(=could) 能- The barrel would hold 100 litres. 这桶能装一百升。Yetthisisnotalwaysthecase. = This case is not like this.写作模版：和上句连在一起，可以表达A对B有过高期待的意思。或者是期望的事情和事实相反。同样，也是抓逻辑。one would expect international organizations to resolve the issue of environmental pollution and never have cause not to take the responsibility. Yet this is not always the case. （理由）AfamousactorinahighlysuccessfulplaywasoncecastintheroleofanaristocratwhohadbeenimprisonedintheBastillefortwentyyears.Inthelastact,agaolerwouldalwayscomeontothestagewithaletterwhichhewouldhandtotheprisoner.戏剧中act是“幕”，scene是“场” 拉一次幕，一幕可以有多场。亮灯灭灯。WhichletterEventhoughthenoblewasexpectedtoreadtheletterateachperformance,healwaysinsistedthatitshouldbewrittenoutinfull.eventhough = evenif = though/althoughateachperformance =ateveryperformanceinsist（vt.坚决要求）, suggest（vt.建议）order（vt.命令）, demand（vt.要求）, require（vt.要求）表示建议要求希望的动词加that宾语从句时, that从句必须使用should+动词原形的虚拟语气（should可以省略）。infull = fully = completelyOnenight,thegaolerdecidedtoplayajokeonhiscolleaguetofindoutif,aftersomanyperformances,hehadmanagedtolearnthecontentsoftheletterbyheart.playajoke/cheek onsb 开某人玩笑 （cheek n.脸颊, 面颊）Thecurtainwentuponthefinalactoftheplayandrevealedthearistocratsittingalonebehindbarsinhisdarkcell.sth begin= the curtain go up on sth the curtain went up on World Expo 2010 Shanghai China.sth end= the curtain come down on sthonthefinalact = inthelastactbehindbars 铁窗之后Justthen,thegaolerappearedwiththepreciousletterinhisbands.with（复合结构）主+表（独立主格结构）precious表明这信对演员很重要Heenteredthecellandpresentedthelettertothearistocrat.presentsthto= handto =passtoButthecopyhegavehimhadnotbeenwrittenoutinfullasusual.asusual 如往常一样, 照例Itwassimplyablanksheetofpaper.Thegaolerlookedoneagerly,anxioustoseeifhisfellowactorhadatlastlearnthislines.lookon 旁观, 观看anxious 形容词短语做伴随状况状语（使文字更加生动，而不是记流水账，and,and,and）overjoyed, she rushed out of the house （伴随）多种表达形式：be imprisoned=behind bars 坐牢 come on to stage=appear on stage 上台hand to= present to 交给 colleague= fellow actor 同事 kli:gThenoblestaredattheblanksheetofpaperforafewseconds.stareat 凝视, 盯住Then,squintinghiseyes,hesaid:Thelightisdim.Readthelettertome.ing形式做方式状语, 伴随状况状语squint skwnt v & n & a. 斜视; 一瞥; 斜着眼睛看（斜视的; 细眯着眼看的）Amptly = immediatelyFindingthathecouldnotrememberawordofthelettereither,thegaolerreplied:Thelightisindeeddim,sire,Imustgetmyglasses.现在分词做状语Withthis,hehurriedoffthestage.hurryoff 匆忙离开 off 之前说的“离开”的副词意Muchtothearistocratsamusement,thegaolerreturnedafewmomentslaterwithapairofglassesandtheusualcopyoftheletterwhichheproceededtoreadtotheprisoner.much用来加强语气whichletterHelaughsbestwholaughslast. 笑到最后的, 才是笑的最好的。Multiple choice questions 多项选择1.A Helaughsbest, wholaughslast.Proverb n.格言, 谚语 Suit v.合适, 适合 Gist n.要点,