高中主要词组.doc

Switch:switch(from A) to B：由A转换成B switch on:开（电灯、电器等） switch off:关（电灯、电器等）；失去兴趣；觉得乏味 switch over:转换频道；转变eg:we are in the process of switching over to a new lifestyle.Stand:stand(doing) sth:容忍（做）某事 stand aside:站到一边，不介入 stand by:袖手旁观；忠于；支持；遵守 stand for:代表；象征；支持；主张 stand out:出色；杰出；醒目；突出 stand up to:经受住，勇敢面对 stand back 退后；置身事外来考虑 a fruit stand:水果摊（作为名词，有摊位、立场、看法等意思）eg:we like our school and all it stands for.Otherwise : if not/or else=otherwise 否则，不然 and otherwise 等等；及其他 or otherwise 或相反eg:he helped me with advice and otherwisego:go against 违反，反对 go after 追求；追逐；设法获得 go away 离开；出去 go down/up 下降/上升 go for 支持；偏爱；设法得到 go into-look into 调查；了解；研究 go through 通过；仔细检查；经历get through 接通电话；完成 go without 没有也忍受过去 go over 复习get over 克服（困难） go in for 参加考试或比赛 go off 离开；突然响起；爆炸eg:I dont really go for modern art bacause it is hard to understandtake: take off 脱掉；起身；动身take on 雇佣；承担（工作、责任）；呈现take out 拿出；取得；获得take in 欺骗；收容（某人）；包含；包括take over 继承；接收；接管（工作）take away 拿走；带走；夺去take back 收回；退货take care of sb照顾某人take up 占据；从事；拿起（武器等）；继续take to 逐渐染上（习惯）take after（在面貌、性格方面）像；学的样take for 以为；误以为take down记下；记录；拆掉=tear down=pull downtake sth for granted 认为是理所当然的eg:they were completely taken in by the story he made up,because the students are too young and have no social experience.Struggle :struggle for 为而斗争=fight for struggle against 为反对而斗争 struggle with 同并肩作战 struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来eg:however impressive the record is,it fades next to the story of Armstrongs struggle against disease.React:react to sth 对作出反应，回应 react against 反抗 react with 与发生化学反应 react on/upon 对有影响/作用eg:children tend to react against their parents by going against their wishes.Let: let out 解脱；发出；泄露；把放大，放长let down 使失望let in 让进来，放进let off 放（枪等），使爆炸let alone=not to mention 更不用说，更谈不上letalone 不打扰，不惊动eg:she let out a scream of terror at the sight of the snakegive: give up sth/doing sth 停止/放弃做某事儿 give away 泄露（机密），暴露；捐赠 give forth 发出（气味、声音等）；发表 give in （不及物动词短语）屈服，让步，投降 give off 发出（蒸汽、光等） give sth out 散发，分发；发出（气味、热等） give out=run out=use sth up 用完；耗尽eg:the roses in full blossom give off a sweet smellcome: come to 达到某种状态；总计；涉及 come to a decision 作出决定 come to an end 结束 come to oneself/ones senses;苏醒过来；醒悟过来 come to light 为人所知，暴露，真相大白 come about 产生；发生=happen/occur/take place (sth)come up 出现；被提及；被讨论 (sb)come up with 提出 come across 偶然遇见 come at 攻击；扑向 come off 离开；分开 come on 快点；加油；得了吧 come into being 形成；产生；成立 come back 恢复记忆；回想起 when it comes to 当提及/涉及 come out 出现；出版；结果是 come to 苏醒；总数达；关于 come across 偶然遇到eg：no one exactly knows when the world came into being.Pull:pull through 渡过难关；使从中活下来pull down 拆毁；拉下；使扫兴pull over 拉到一边；推翻；使（车辆）停靠在路边pull in （火车）进站；拉进；缩减pull out （火车）出站；（使）摆脱困境；（使）撤离pull up 把车停住；把拉起来pull on （迅速）穿上，戴上pull off （迅速）脱下，取下pull sb over/off 停下让某人下车eg:he pulled me over and whispered the news to me.Get: get on/alongwith sb/wth；和某人相处如何/某事进展怎样getacross 使为人理解，向表达get in touch with与取得联系get over 越过；克服；痊愈get through 完成；电话打通；通过get away 离开get down to( doing) sth=set about doing=set out to do 着手开始做某事儿get rid of摆脱；除去get involved in 参加get around 到处走动；传播开来；劝服eg：it took ,my an hour to get my intention across to her.Put:put up 举起；拾起；建立；搭起；为提供食宿；张贴 put aside 储蓄；节省；把放到一边 put down 放下；记下；镇压；平定 put away 放好；收好；储蓄 put forward 提出 put off 推迟；阻止 put on 穿上；戴上；表演；增加 put out 扑灭；伸出；生产；公布;关灯 put up with 忍受；容忍 put back 放回，向后拨 put an end to=put sth an end 结束 put sth down to sb 把归因于eg:Will you put me up for the night?今晚你能留我住下么carry: carry on a conversation 进行谈话 carry on 继续，进行 carry away 拿走；搬走 carry out 实行，执行，进行 be carried away 失去自制力 carry through 坚持到底 carry forward 发扬光大 carry over 推迟；延期 carry sth through 成功完成eg: the meal over, the manager went back to the meeting room to carry on their discussion.Settle: settle down 定居，过安定的生活；使平静下来；专心致志于（to） Settle down to=get down to Settle on island:在岛屿上安定下来 settle in/into （使）习惯于（新工作、环境等）=be used/accustomed toeg:its time you settled your differences with your father.be known as 被认为是be known for 因而出名be known to 为所知be known by 根据了解make sth known to sb把某事向某人公布its known(to all) that=as is known (to all)=what is known (to all) is that众所周知eg:Liu Dehua is known as an actor,and he is well-known for his songs.Be up to 做，从事于Its up to sb to do sth 由某人负责做某事Be up to sth 忙于某事儿Up to now 直到现在Up to sth 达到某数量、程度等Stay up熬夜，醒着，不去睡Throw up呕吐；辞职Clear up 解释说明；整理；天气转好Be fed up with 厌倦Be up to sth/doing sth=be equal to sth/doing=be fit for=be qualified for能胜任某事Eg:what are you up to now?你现在在忙什么？Word：in other words 换句话说；换言之=that is (to say) In a word 总而言之 Leave word 留言 in words 用语言表达 word for word一字不差的 word by word 逐字地 have a word with 同谈一谈 eat ones words 收回前言；承认错误 have words with同争吵 keep ones word 遵守诺言；守信用 break ones word 失信；食言 beyond words 无法用言语形容/表达eg:she repeated her conversation word by word to me.Time: at times 有时，不时 at a time 一次，每次 at one time 曾经，一度 all the time 一直，始终 at the same time =meanwhile 同时；然而 from time to time 有时，不时 on time 准时 in time 及时；迟早（=soon or later） in no time 立刻，马上 at any time 随时，任何时候 at no time 决不 from the time being 现在，暂时，眼下=at the presenteg:she can be really bad-tempered at times.Way: in some ways 在某些方面 all the way 自始至终；一直 by the way 顺便说；顺便问你一下 be way of 经由；通过方法 in a/one way 在某种程度上 in the way 妨碍，挡道 in this way=with this method=by this method in no way 一点也不，决不 on the way to 在去路上；即将来临/成为eg:I left them alone,as I felt I was in the way.Add:add sth to sth:把具体的某事加到某事上add to+抽象的概念（勇气、难度等）add that 补充说到add up (to) 增加到date:date back (to) 追溯到=date from 追溯到；始于（不能用于被动语态；作为谓语时多用一般现在时）make a date with sb 与某人约会out of date 废弃的；过时的up to date 现代；最新to date 到此为止eg:the church dates from the 13th centurytry: try out 试验，试用 try ones best to do sth 竭尽所能做某事 try on 试穿 try for 谋求，争取 try out for 参加选拔eg:she is trying out for the school play.Turn:turn out 结果是；证明是；生产，制造turn in 上交；交出；上床睡觉；拐入，获得turn down 拒绝；关小；调低turn up 出现；到达；调高；拧大turn to sb 向某人求助turn on 袭击某人；打开；报复turn over 翻转in turn 依次；轮流；反过来by turns 轮流地；交替地its ones turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事take turns doing/to do/at doing sth轮流做某事儿wait ones turn 等着轮到某人turn off关上；turn sb off 厌倦out of turn 不按顺序的；不合时宜的at every turn 处处，到处；经常得on the turn 正在转变；正在好转eg:the teacher ask us to take turns to ask him questions.Run:run out of 用光；用尽run after 追求；追赶run across 偶然遇见（看到）run away 突然离开；逃离run into sb 偶然遇见run into sth 遭遇（恶劣天气、困难等）run sb/sth over 撞倒并碾压eg；we run into thick frog on the way home.Break:break down （机器）出故障；失败；（化学）分解；精神崩溃；感情失去控制 break away(from sb/sth) 从挣脱；逃脱 break in/into 强行进入;破门而入 break off 断开；中断 break out (+doing) (战争、疾病、火灾等)突然爆发 break through 作出重大发现；取得突破 break up 粉碎；结束；解散 burst into+n;burst out +doingeg:the telephone system has broken down.Favor:in favor of 支持；赞同 be in favor of= be for(反义词be against) in ones favor 对有利 do sb a favor帮某人一个忙 owe sb a favor欠某人人情 in favor with sb 收到某人的欢迎；支持eg:the situation is in our favor.形势对我们有利see:seeoff 给送行 see for yourself 亲自看 seeing that 鉴于，因为=considering of=in view of=respecting see through sb/sth 看穿，识破 seesb through sth 帮助某人渡过 see to sb/sth处理（某事）；照料；关照（某事） see to it that 确保；务必使eg:her courage and good humour saw her through.End:put/bring an end to 结束at the end of 在末，结束时in the end 最终；终于come to an end 结束be at an end 结束on end 竖着，连续不断的=continiouslyend (sth) with sth 以结束end up 最终成为；最后处于end up in 以后果/下场结束end up as 以身份结束end up with以结束（指以某种方式结束）eg:it has been raining for a week on end.连续下了一周的雨pay: pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；还清 pay back 偿还；报复；报应 pay for 付的钱；受的报应 pay out for stb 为付出一大笔钱 pay up (把应支付的钱)缴清，付清eg:they took a hell of a risk but it paid off.他们冒了很大的风险但事情成功了。Die:die out 完全消失；灭绝die of 死于（疾病、衰老、饥饿等）一般指某种内因die from死于晚上等不注意的原因die away （声音、光线、风等）渐弱，逐渐消失die down （火、兴奋、暴风雨、光线等）渐弱，渐息，平息die off （家族、种族等）相继死亡be dying for sth 渴望得到be dying to do 渴望做catch:catch on 学会；理解；变得流行；挂住 catch on (to sth) 理解；学会 catch hold of 抓住 catch up(with sb/sth)赶上 catch sb doing sth发现某人做某事 catch sight of 看见 catch ones attention/eye 吸引某人eg：I had to repeat the joke before he finally caught on.Means:by all means 当然可以 by means of 用；依靠 by no means 决不 by some means or other用某种方法eg:by no means will they give in to us,hold: hold out 坚持；维持；抵抗 hold.out伸出；给予 hold on 稍等；维持；持续 hold on to 抓住；不放弃 hold back 阻止；退缩 hold.down 控制；压制 hold up延迟；抬高eg:how long can we hold out against these attacks?Make:make for 走向，向前进；导致；促成 make out 写出，列出；看出，辨认出 make sure 确信弄确实；查明 make sense 有意义；言之有理 make up 编造；编出 make up for 补偿；弥补 make use of 利用 make ones way 前进；前往 make fun of 取笑某人eg:let us make out a contract for the deal.让我们为这笔交易订一份合同。Call:call for 要求；需要；邀请call in 召来；召集call off 取消call on 访问(sb to do sth)；拜访；号召；呼吁call up 打电话；征集call about 找谈某事call at 访问；停靠(sp)call away 叫走call back 收回call down祈求到；责骂；招致cut: cut down on 减少 cut down削减 cut in插入 cut off切断 cut out切除 cut someone short打断 cut through抄近路 cut up切碎 by: by accident 偶然 by air 通过航空途径 by all means 尽一切办法,务必 by and by 不久,迟早 by chance 偶然,碰巧 . by far 最,.得多 by hand 用手,用体力 by itself 自动地,独自地 by means of 用,依靠 by mistake 错误地,无意地 by no means 决不,并没有 by oneself 单独地,独自地 by reason of 由于 by the way 顺便说说 by virtue of 借助,由于 by way of 经由,通过.方法 in: in (the)light of 鉴于,由于 in a hurry 匆忙,急于 in a moment 立刻,一会儿 in a sense 从某种意义上说 in a way 在某种程度上 in a word 简言之,总之 in accordance with 与.一致,按照 in addition to 除.之外(还) in addition 另外,加之 in advance 预先,事先 in all 总共,合计 in any case 无论如何 in any event 无论如何 in brief 简单地说 in case of 假如,防备 in charge of 负责,总管 in common 共用的,共有的 in consequence(of) 因此;由于 in debt 欠债,欠情 in detail 详细地 in difficulty 处境困难 in effect 实际上,事实上 in favor of 支持,赞成 in front of 面对,在.前 in general 一般来说,大体上 in half 成两半 in hand 在进行中,待办理 in honor of 为庆祝,为纪念 in itself 本质上,就其本身而言 in line with 与.一致 . in memory of 纪念 in no case 决不 in no time 立即,马上 in no way 决不 . in order 按顺序,按次序 in other words 换句话说 in part 部分地 in particular 特别,尤其 in person 亲自,本人 in place of 代替,取代,交换 in place 在合适的位置 in practice 在实践中,实际上 in proportion to 与.成比例 in public 公开地,当众 in quantity 大量 in question 正在谈论的 in regard to 关于,至于 in relation to 关于,涉及 in return for 作为对.报答 in return 作为报答/回报/交换 in short 简言之,总之 in sight 被见到;在望 in spite of 尽管 in step with 与.一致/协调 in tears 流着泪,在哭着 in terms of in the company / wake of随着 in the course of 在.期间/过程中 in the distance 在远处 in end of 到最后in the event of 如果.发生,万一 in the face of 即使;在.面前 in the first place 首先 in the future 在未来 in the heat of the day 一天中最热的时候 in th