高三英语形容词与副词课件.ppt

theadjective 概念 用来修饰名词和代词 描绘人或事物的特征的词 叫形容词 在句中一般用作定语 表语和宾语补足语 形容词有三种形式 原级 比较级和最高级一 形容词的比较级与最高级的构成方法 1 规则变化1 单音节词在词尾加 er和 estshort shorter shortest hard harder hardest light lighter lightest 2 重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母时 先双写这个辅音字母 再加 er和 estbig bigger biggest hot hotter hottest3 如果原级以 e 结尾 就只加 r和 stlarge larger largest brave braver bravest4 以 y 结尾的双音节词 先变y为i 再加 er和 est heavy heavier heaviest early earlier earliest5 其他的双音节词和多音节词都在前面加单词more和mostdifficult moredifficult mostdifficult2 不规则变化good well better best many much more mostbad ill worse worst little less leastfar farther further farthest furthestold older elder oldest eldest note 副词的比较级与最高级的构成跟形容词的比较级与最高级的构成一样 1 原级用于 as 原级 as 表示肯定意义 notso as 原级 as 表示否定意义iamastallasyou heisn tso asdiligentashersister 注意 在第一个as前可以加上表示倍数和程度的词 twice threetimes nearly almost just quite exactly as 原级 aseg 1 asiaisfourtimesaslargeaseurope 2 heisalmostasoldashisuncle 2 比较级用于两者之间的比较 比较级后面要用thaneg 1 yourhandwritingisbetterthanmine 2 lipingismuchtallerthananyotherstudentinhisclass 注意 在比较级前面可以加一些副词来表示程度 alittle alot even still much far byfar quite 二 形容词的三个等级的用法 eg 1 heisquitebettertoday quiteisonlyusedtomodifybetter 2 ironishard butsteelisstillharder 3 heisbetterbyfar heisbyfarthebest 4 i malittlemorecarefulthanbefore 3 最高级用于三个或三个以上的人或事物的比较 后面常跟in 表范围 of 表同类 形容词最高级前面一般要加the但如果形容词最高级前面有物主代词或指示代词以及名词所有格等修饰时 则不能加theeg 1 thechangjiangriveristhelongestofalltheriversinchina 2 thisisthemostinterestingbookthatihaveeverread 3 whatisyourgreatestwish 4 sheisthesmartestchildinthisclass 注意 在最高级前面可以加一些副词来表示程度byfar almost nearly the 最高级 in of eg weknowthatthepacificoceanisbyfarthelargestoceanintheworld 4 比较级 and 比较级 表示 越来越 1 theweatherisgettingcolderandcolder 2 thelittlegirlisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful 5 the 比较级 the 比较级 表示 越 越 1 themorecarefulyouare thefewermistakesyouwillmake 2 themoreattentiveinclass thebetter 3 themorehurried thelessspeed 6 the 比较级 ofthetwo n 两者之最iwanttobuythecheaperofthetwobooks heisthetallerofthetwoboys 7 表示一个人的两种性质的比较 用more than 的结构1 heismoreafriendthanateacher 2 theyaremorefriendlythanshy 3 thebuildinglooksmorelikeahospitalthanlikeahotel 8 否定 比较 最高级1 ican tfindabetterhotelinthiscity thisisthebesthotelinthistown 2 whatdoyouthinkofthisfilm ihaven tseenamoreinterestingone 9 than anyother singlen alltheother pluraln anyoftheother pluraln anyoneelse10 no 比较级 than as antonym as与 同样不1 heisnomorehandsomethanthatman heisasuglyasthatman 2 youarenotallerthani youareasshortasinote 无比较级 最高级的形容词有 1 表示比较 特殊意义的 comparative relative particular special2 表示绝对意义的 absolute unexpected entire excellent perfect total thorough whole complete3 表示大小 极限 主观 上下等意义的 extreme main major minor chief senior junior4 表示性质特征的 economic scientific wooden earthen golden woolen5 表示独一无二的 形状的 强调的 only matchless single round square level very own favourite 三 多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序 限定词 these those this that the an one s many some 数量形容词 three four one 描绘性形容词 beautiful pretty fine clever handsome 大小 长短 高低等形体性形容词 big tall long high large 新旧 old new 颜色 red blue green 国籍 chinese english german 材 wood iron steel wool cotton 用途 writing listening 被修的名词1 allthesehappydays2 manyprettylittlechinesechildren3 therearesomebeautifulroundwoodwritingdesksintheroom 4 isawawonderfultallredrussianteachingbuildinginthepicture 5 alongoldyellowwalkingstick 1 当形容词修饰不定代词one no any some和every构成的复合词eg something anything nothing 时 1 doyouhavesomethingnewtotellus 2 ihavenothingimportanttodonow 2 当 形容词 介词 不定式 构成的短语作定语时1 themanfulloffearwenthomehurriedly 2 thegirlwithabaginherhandishisdaughter 3 当两个意义相反的形容词用 both and and or或so连接在一起作定语时1 allthepeople youngandold musttakepartinthegame 2 youcangiveusanyadvice usefuloruseless 4 当old long high wide deep tall等词附有数量词短语作定语时 四 形容词作后置定语的几种情况 eg1 sheisonlyagirlsixyearsold but sheisasix year oldgirl 2 now pleasefindaropeabouteightmeterslong it saneight meter longrope 5 有些形容词以 a 开始 常用作后置定语 这些词常用作表语 alike awake alone asleep alive afraid eg 1 heiscountingfishalive 2 doyouknowthemanasleep 3 theboyalonecanholdupthebigstone 有些形容词只作表语 而通常不作前置定语 常见的表语形容词有 afraid alone awake asleep alive alike ashamed afloat well sorry unable worth sure 这些词都可以作宾语补足语 五 表语形容词 1 i mafraidthatican tgotothepartytonight 2 hisbookiswellworthreading 3 areyouabletofinishthetaskontime 4 theboywasaloneinhisstudy readingastory note 以a开始的形容词不可直接用very来修饰eg verymuchalone非常孤单的fastasleep 熟睡的wideawake十分清醒的verymuchafraid很害怕的greatlyashamed非常害羞的 副词是用来修饰形容词 副词 动词 介词短语和整个句子的词 一般在句子中作状语和表语 1 副词的构成与形容词的构成相同 2 副词也有三个等级 用法与形容词的相同 但副词的最高级前的the可以省略eg 1 herunsfast herunsfasterthani heruns the fastestinourclass adv but thistrainisveryfast adj 2 youdon tworkashardas he adv but thisanswerisveryhardtounderstand adj 3 helooksattentivelyatthescreenwhenthefilmison 4 youcan tbecarefulenoughwhenyoudothework theadverb 5 healwayssmilesevenwhenhedoesn tfeelwell 6 fortunately hisstepmotherwasverykindtohim 7 theteachersspeakhighlyofhiscompositions 1 janeisinherbedroom itis a upstairsb toupstairsc upstaird toupstair2 howareyoufeeltoday iamfeeling a verygoodb goodc muchbetterd muchnicer3 don tbotheryourfather heis busy a muchb morec lessd quite4 ifyoudon tdrinktoomuch yourhealthwillgeteven a betterb badc goodd well practice a c d a 4 itissaidthatheisthemostfamousscientist a livingb alivec lived lively5 itisdark buttheyare intheofficeworkinghard a yetb stillc alreadyd also6 youdoit itwillbe a thesooner thebetterb thesooner betterc thesoon thebetterd sooner better7 thisroadisnot fortwotruckstopasssidebyside a enoughwideb wideenoughc sowided wider8 oursportsteamwon manygoldmedals theydidlastyear a twiceas asb astwice asc as astwiced twice than9 theywerenotsurewhatwouldhap