高三英语语法专题复习主谓一致课件.ppt

主谓一致 高三语法专题复习 主谓一致 练习 例题 高考考点分析 意义 1 语法上一致 1 名词trousers scissors 剪刀 clothes goods glasses shoes compasses 圆规 chopsticks 等做主语时 the 形容词表示一类人时 主 复 谓语复 主语单 谓语单 谓语动词用复数 akindof apairof aseriesof 谓单 谓语动词用复数 3不定式 短语 动名词 短语 或从句做主语时 4either neither each做主语或every no 单数名词或some any no every构成的复合不定代词做主语 谓语动词用单数 谓语用单数 hisfamily allfootballfans a isb hasbeenc arebeingd are 这类词常有audience class committee company crowd enemy government group party public team等 一些集体名词做主语 如果看作一个整体 谓语动词用单数 如果指其中的成员 谓语用复数 6 由 therestof alotof lotsof plentyof partof halfof 名词 由 分数或百分数 名词 构成的短语作主语时 其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定 7 a n andahalf oneandahalf 做主语 thenumberof n thequantityof n做主语谓语用单数 练习11 studyingenglish patience a callforb callsforc iscalledford callsin2 whatyousaid quitetothepoint a hasb arec wered is3 thepublic thebestjudgebecausethepublic theirthoughtcorrectly a are expressb is expressc is expressd are4 therich notalwayshappy a isb hasc haved are5 ofthesouthernhemisphere 南半球 withwater a four five iscoveredb four fifths iscoveredc four fifth arecoveredd four fifths arecovered 2意义 内容 上一致 1形式单数 谓语用复数 2形式为复数 谓语动词用单数 4表时间 金钱 距离 度量等的名词复数形式 但作为一个单一的整体概念时 谓语动词用单数 people police cattle 5在主谓倒装中 谓语的数应与其后的主语一致 如 3单 复数同形的名词 means sheep works 工厂 species 种类 deer chinese japanese betweenthetwowindowshangsanoilpainting 6 morethanone 或manya 构成主语 谓语动词用单数形式 典型例题 mathematics thelanguageofscience 1978 a isb aregoingtobec are 学科名词 如 mathematics politics physics以及news 等 形式上为复数 谓语用单数 另外 复数名词用作书 电影 戏剧 报刊 国家等名称时 谓语动词用单数 his selectedpoems firstpublishedin1965 78 a wereb wasc hasbeen thirtyyears passed fiveminutes enoughtofinishthetask has is 3 就近原则 连词or either or neither nor notonly butalso not but等连接的并列主语 如果一个是单数 一个是复数 谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致 1 用and连接两个并列成分 2 with aswellas except等连接伴随主语 3 就近原则 4 各种代词 nobody all most partoftherest 的主谓一致 5 定语从句中的主谓一致 高考考点分析 考点1 1thesingeranddancer ourmeeting a istoattendb aretoattendc istojoind aretojoin 2 everydoctorandeverynurse anewhospitalforsarspatients a hasfoundedb havefoundc expectstofoundd hastobefound 归纳一 1 两个或两个以上做主语的单数名词用and连接 但若表示同一人 物或概念或两个部件配成的物品时 谓语动词用单数 asingeranddancerwaspresentattheparty breadandbuttertastesgood 类似的表达式有 awatchandchain一块带链的表aneedleandthreadacoatandtie配有领带的上衣aknifeandforkisneededforawesternmeal 吃西餐时要用刀和叉 thecartandhorseiscoming 马车来了 配套事物 2 用and连接的两个名词若被no each every manya morethanone修饰 即构成each andeach every andevery no andno manya andmanya 结构作主语时 谓语动词仍用单数形式 如 则谓语动词用单数 nobirdandnobeast seeninthisisland manyaboyandmanyagirl madesuchafunnyexperiment was has 考点2 alibrarywithfivethousandbooks tothenationasagift 1990nmet a isofferedb hasofferedc areofferedd haveoffered aprofessor togetherwithsomestudents senttohelpinthework noonebuttheteachers allowedtousetheroom was is 归纳二 当主语后面跟有aswellas alongwith with like ratherthan togetherwith but except besides including inadditionto等引导的词组时 其谓语动词的单 复数按前面主语的单 复数而定 考点4 nobodybutjane thesecret 1986 a knowb knowsc haveknownd isknown either neither each every或no 单数名词和由some any no every构成的复合不定代词都作单数看待 eachofus have anewpen has 考点5 heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho awinnerofscholarshipforthreeyears 02上海春 a isb arec havebeend hasbeen who which that作定语从句的主语时 其谓语取决于先行词 thosewhowanttogoshouldsignyournameshere heisoneofthestudentswhohavepassedtheexam heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohaspassedtheexam theonlythejusttheright writingstoriesandarticles whatienjoymost a haveb isc hasd are2 thequantityofbooksinthelibrary amazing aisbarecweredbeing3 thenumberofstudentsinthisschool a isincreasingb areincreasingc isincreasedd areincreased b a a 4 nooneinthedepartmentbuttomandi thatnewsa knowsb knowc haveknownd amtoknow5 apairofshoes underthebed a wasb werec hasbeend havebeen6 manyastudent thefilmnow a hasseenb hadseenc haveseend saw a a a 7 thepolice determinedtobringbackthemissingboywhenhisfamily almostgivenupallhope a is havebare havec is hasd are has8 notonlyibutalsoshe this a knowb knowsc amknownd known9 thenewsthatsheiscomingtovisitus exciting a isb wasc wered are b b a 主语形式虽为单数 但意义为复数 谓语动词用复数 如 people police cattle 11 fiveminusthree two a isb arec wasd were12 twentydollars enoughforthecoat a isb arec wasd were 10 thecrowd fortheirlivesa wererunb wererunningc wasrund wasrunning b a a 当名词词组中心词为表示度量 距离 金额 时间等复数名词时 往往可以根据意义一致的原则 把这些复数名词看作一个整体 谓语动词用单数形式 如 13 thefirsttwoquestionswereeasy buttherestofthem not a wasb werec beingd tobe14 thefollowing somenewlypublishedpopularmagazines a isb arec wasd has15 goodexercise a climbinghillsisb climbingthehillisc theclimbinghillsared theclimbingofhillsare b b a 如果名词词组的中心词是 most rest some alotof partof等词 所指是复数意义 谓语动词用复数形式 反之用单数 如 16 something gonewrongwithmytvset a hasb havec isd are17 thisisoneofthebestfilmsthat thisyear a isappearingb appearc hasappearedd haveappeared18 halfofthestudents madethesamemistake a hasb havec isd are19 theold takengoodcareofinourcountry a isb hasc ared have a d b c 关系代词which who that在定语从句中作主语时 其谓语动词的数应与其前的先行词的数保持一致 halfof a partof修饰可数名词单数及不可数名词作主语时 谓语动词用单数 修饰可数名词复数作主语时 谓语动词用复数 the 形容词 或过去分词或现在分词 如 thebrave thepoor therich theblind theyoung theold thesick thewounded theinjured theunemployed thedying theliving等结构担任主语表示一类人时 谓语动词常用复数形式 但也有少数的形容词或过去分词与定冠词连用指个别或表示抽象的概念时 谓语动词用单数 20 snowwhiteandthesevendwarfs popularwithpeopleofallagessinceitwasmadeintothefirstfull lengthcartoon a wereb wasc hasbeend is21 allbutone herejustnow a isb wasc hasbeend were22 three fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearth sea a isb arec wered hasbeen c d a 形复意单的单词有 news works和一些以s结