高中英语Grammar[虚拟语气]人教版选修六.ppt

虚拟语气虚拟语气是动词的一种形式 表示说话人说的话与事实不符 是一种假设 愿望 猜测 if条件句中的运用 动词过去式 be用were 适用于各种人称 should would could might 动词原形 had 过去分词 should would could might have 过去分词 1 动词过去式2 should 动词原形3 were todo should would could might 动词原形 1 与现在事实相反如果我有时间 我现在就和你去电影院 2 与将来事实相反如果我今晚见到他 我将会让你知道的 3 与过去事实相反如果我昨天见了你的话 我会告诉你这件事的 ifihadtime iwouldgotothecinemawithyounow ifisawhimtonight ishouldletyouknow ifihadmetyouyesterday ishouldhavetoldyouaboutit 4 注意错综虚拟 错综时间条件句 主句和从句的动作不是发生在同一时间 其动词形式要根据时间而定 a 如果你早听医生的建议 你现在就会好多了 b 如果那时没有你的帮助的话 我现在就不会成功了 ifyouhadlistenedtothedoctor sadvice youwouldbebetternow ifithadn tbeenforyourhelpthen iwouldnotsucceednow 5 若省去if 则须将助动词 提前 进行部分倒装 were should had shouldheactlikethatagain hewouldbefiredimmediately ifyouwerethemanagerhere whatwouldyoudo wereyouthemanagerhere whatwouldyoudo ifyouhadcomealittleearlier youwouldhaveseenher hadyoucomealittleearlier youwouldhaveseenher ifheshouldactlikethatagain hewouldbefiredimmediately 6 含蓄条件句 butforyouradvice i itsosuccessfully thechange withouttheopen doorpolicy iwassobusythen otherwise i himtheanswer couldnothavedone couldnothavetakenplace wouldhavetold 有时假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来 二是暗含在上下文中 比如通过介词短语butfor without otherwise来表示 2 wish ifonly asif asthough wouldrather shouldprefer 从句中虚拟得运用 过去时虚拟现在 用过去完成时虚拟过去 1 wish宾语从句中 iwishyou tomorrow come howiwishi tothemoon fly iwishi heraddress remember shewishesshe before knowme couldcome couldfly remembered hadknownme 2 ifonlyifonlywe eachotheragain see ifonlyi tohisadvice listen couldsee hadlistened 3 asif asthoughhespeaksenglishasifhe aforeigner be shetalkedaboutitasifhe withhisowneyes see thecloudsaresothickasif rain were hadseen itisgoingtorain 4 wouldrather shouldprefer 宾语从句i dratheryou tomorrow come i dratheri himyesterday see came hadseen 3 suggest 建议 insist demand desire order request advise recommend require等词后加宾语从句及其对应的名词所引导的从句以及it ssuggested insistedthat 从句中应使用 should do 1 妈妈坚持说我感冒了而且坚持让我去看医生 但我坚持说我没病 2 thebossputforwardsomeadvicethat 3 it ssuggestedthathe gohome motherinsistedthatihadcaughtacoldandthatigotoseethedoctorbutiinsistedthatiwasnotill theworkbestartedatonce shouldgohome 他必须立即还那本词典 我们学好英语是非常重要的 itisimportantthatwestudyenglishwell 4 在itisstrange natural important necessarythatsb should do itisnecessarythathereturnthedictionaryimmediately 5 it s high timesbdid sb shoulddosth it shightimeyoushouldgetup it shightimeyougotup 你该起床了 i toyouassoonasigotthere butiwastoobusytodoso i toyouassoonasigotthere butiwastoobusytodoso 6 含有 希望 打算 期望 等意义的动词的过去式之后 expected hoped intended meant promised should wouldlike tohavedone 表示希望 打算 期望做的事没有做 这些动词的过去完成式后接不定式的一般式也表达同样的意思 我原想一到那儿就给你写信 但我太忙了 就没有写 meanttohavewritten hadmeanttowrite 7 虚拟语气表祝愿 1 may v 原形mayyoubehappy 2 longlivetheking friendship 8 目的状语从句里的虚拟语气 1 inorderthat sothat接的从句中现在时用may can will v 原形 过去时用could should might v 原形2 forfearthat incase lest 以免 引导目的状语从句常用虚拟语气e g hetookhisraincoatwithhimincaseitshouldrain tobefrank i dratheryouhadnotbeeninvolvedinthecase 1 坦白说 我宁愿 wouldrather 你没有介入 beinvolvedin 这个案子 2 我们本来希望 hadhoped 创办自己的公司 但我们没有足够的钱 wehadhopedtostartourowncompany butweneverhadenoughmoney super translator 3 老师劝 建议 我们在参观博物馆时尽可能 as as 地聚精会神 attentive ourteacheradvisedthatwebeasattentiveaspossiblewhenvisitingthemuseum 4 有人提议 propose 这个问题在下一次会议上讨论 itwasproposedthatthematter should bediscussedatthenextmeeting 5 申请表务请 necessary essential 在截止日期 deadline 前送回 itwasessentialthattheapplicationforms should besentbackbeforethedeadline grammarinuse bccdb caddb cbbbb bacdc bdc 1 whydidn tyoubuytherecorder i buticouldn taffordthemoney a wouldb wouldliketoc wouldhaved hadbought2 hewouldgainweight buthe much a doesn teatb didn teatc hadn teatend hadeaten3 here ssomemoneyincaseyou it a shouldneedb neededc needingd toneed4 agooddoctorsavedhim orelsehe a musthavediedb mustdiec mayhavediedd mighthavedied c a a d 5 heinsistedthateveryone acopyofthesongbook a haveb hadc hasd tohave6 thefriendshipbetweenuslastforever a couldb willc mayd wish7 yourtimelytreatment iwouldhavedied a forallb insteadofc butford owingto8 it sabouttimeyou thepills a willtakeb shouldtakec musttaked taken a c c b 9 itisnecessarythatpollution a begotridofb getridofc wouldbegotridofd tobegotridof10 itisnaturalthathe feellonely a couldb mightc wouldd 11 youradvicethatshe tillnextweekisreasonable a willwaitb isgoingtowaitc waitsd wait12 weacceptedthesuggestionthatthemeeting tillnextweek a willbeputoffb beputoffc mustbeoutoffd isputoff a d d b 13 ifit rain we wet a wereto shouldgetb were wouldc had wouldhavegotd wasgoingto wouldget14 i dratheryou tomorrow a wouldnotcomeb didn tcomec hadn tcomed won tcome15 idon tknowtheman iwishi him a knowb willknowc haveknowd knew16 howiwishit now a werenotrainingb isnotrainingc notraind shouldnotrain a b d a 17 whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater itlooksasifit a breaksb hasbrokenc werebrokend hadbeenbroken18 itissu