高中英语定语从句教学课件人教版必修二.ppt

定语从句theattributiveclause 高一英语语法 定语 1 放在名词前 2 由单个的代词 数词 形容词 名词 ing ed来充当 1 放在名词或代词后 2 由介词结构 形容词 ing结构 ed结构 todo结构 句子来充当 前置定语 后置定语 定语 1 用来修饰某个名词或代词的成分 2 可以放在名词之前 也可以放在名词或代词之后 3 在翻译时通常带有一个 的 定语从句 定语从句 1 当定语成分由一个句子来充当时 这个句子就叫定语从句 即用一个句子去修饰另一个句子中的某个名词或代词 2 通常紧跟在所修饰的名词或代词后 thisisabookwhichwaswrittenbyj k rowling 3 定语从句的必备两要素 thisisabookwhichwaswrittenbyj k rowling 先行词 名词或代词 引导词 that which who whom whose when where why youaretherightmanwhomwearelookingfor i vespentallthemoneywhichwasgivenbymyparents iwillneverforgetthedaywhenijoinedtheparty thisisthefactorywherethemachinesaremade 找出定语从句 找出定语从句两要素 现在你认识定语从句了吗 从书本 页课文中找出所有的定语从句 butonemillionpeopleofthecity whothoughtlittleoftheseevents wereasleepasusualthatnight itwasfeltinbeijing whichismorethantwohundredkilometersaway thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledofinjuredreachedmorethan400000 anotherbigquakewhichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstoneshooktangshan thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed 定语从句考点 一 引导词的确定 人 主 宾 表 人 宾 人 事物 主 宾 表 事物 主 宾 人的 事物的 时间状语 地点状语 原因状语 时间 地点 原因 定 后通常加名词或代词 方法二 还原法 把先行词还原到定语从句中去 看看是放在主语 宾语 表语还是状语的位置上 最终来确定引导词 例一 thestudents don tstudyhardwillnotpasstheexam don tstudyhard thestudents 主语 而且指人 who that 例二 thewoman yousawintheparkisourchineseteacher yousaw inthepark thewoman 宾语 而且指人 whom who that 注意 如果先行词还原到定语从句中 充当的是宾语 那么可以把引导词省略 1 doyouwantafriendwhomyoucouldtelleverythingto 2 orareyouafraidthatyourfriendwouldlaughatyou 3 sheandherfamilyhidawayfornearly25monthsbeforetheywerediscovered 4 natureisonethingthatreallymustbeexperienced 5 iwouldbegratefulifyoucouldgivemesomeadvice 6 alllanguageschangeanddevelopwhenculturesmeetandcommunicatewitheachother revisionofthelastperiod 7 somepeoplewholiveinthemountainsofeasternusaspeakwithanolderkindofenglishdialect 8 sheinsistedthatsheorganizethetripproperly 9 nowiknowthattheproperwayisalwaysherway 10 wefoundalargeatlaswithgoodmapswhichshoweddetailsofworldgeography 11 haveyoueverseensnowmenridebicycles that swhatwelookedlike 12 wewillreachdalisoon whereourcousinswilljoinus practice 3 doyouknowtheboy legwasbrokenwhenhefelloutofatree 4 thisistheboy sisterisafamoussinger 5 theletter ireceivedyesterdayisfrommybrother 6 thefilm wesawlastnightwaswonderful 7 theman washereaminuteagoismyuncle whose whose which that which that who that 8 thetrain wasgoingtoguangdongwaslate 9 thebook heisreadingisveryinteresting 10 they llneverforgetthedays theyspentinthecountryside 11 they llneverforgetthedays theystudiedtogether which that which that which that when 引导词的特殊情况 iamsureshehassomething that youcanborrow i vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine thisisthefirstbook that hehasread thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim 1 先行词为all everything nothing something anything little much等不定代词时 2 先行词被all every no some any little much等修饰时 3 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时 4 先行词被theonly thevery thesame thelast修饰时 只能用that不能用which的情况 5 先行词指人又指事物 theytalkedaboutthepeopleandthings that theymetatcollege 只能用which不能用that的情况 1 非限定性定语从句 即有逗号隔开的定语从句 itwasfeltinbeijing whichwas200kmaway 2 以介词开头的定语从句 即介词前置的定语从句 thisistheroom chairmanmaooncelivedin thisistheroomin chairmanmaooncelived which that which 3 定语从句修饰的是前面整句话 hepassedtheexam whichsurprisedeveryoneinourclass when where why引导的定语从句 初步感知 p37exercise2 1 themineswhereiworkedwere9kmfrommyhome 2 thereasonwhyigotajobwasbecauseofmyhardwork 3 thetimewhenijoinedtheancwasthe5thofaugust 4 thegovernmentbuildingwherewevotedwasverytall 5 thedatewheniarrivedwaslateatnight 1 themines iworkedwere9kmfrommyhome 2 thereason igotajobwasbecauseofmyhardwork 3 thetime ijoinedtheancwasthe5thofaugust 4 thegovernmentbuilding wevotedwasverytall 5 thedate iarrivedwaslateatnight 如何来确定引导词 如何来确定引导词 方法一 根据先行词 方法二 还原法 把先行词还原到定语从句中去 例一 themines iworkedwere9kmfrommyhome iworked inthemines 地点状语 where inwhich 例二 thereason igotajobwasbecauseofmyhardwork igotajob forthereason 原因状语 why forwhich 例三 thetime ijoinedtheancwasthe5thofaugust ijoinedtheanc atthetime 时间状语 when atwhich 例四 thegovernmentbuilding wevotedwasverytall wevoted inthebuilding 地点状语 where inwhich 例五 thedate iarrivedwaslateatnight iarrived onthedate 时间状语 when onwhich thetime ifirstmetnelsonmandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife theschool istudiedforonlytwoyearswas3kmaway theday nelsonmandelahelpedmewasoneofmyhappiest thepartsoftown theyhadtoliveweredecidedbywhitepeople theplaces theyweresenttolivewerethepoorestpartsofsouthafrica practice when atwhich where inwhich when onwhich where inwhich where inwhich 1 afterlivinginparisfor50yearshereturnedtothesmalltown hegrewupasachild a whichb wherec thatd when2 itwasanexcitingmomentforthesepeoplethisyear forthefirsttimetheirteamwontheworldcup a thatb whilec whichd when d b i llneverforgettheday weworkedtogether when onwhich i llneverforgettheday wespenthappilytogether which that 比较 weworkedtogetherontheday wespentthedayhappilytogether iwillalwaysrememberthehours welivedtogether iwillalwaysrememberthehours wespenttogether 2 canyoustillthinkofthevillage heonceworked canyoustillthinkofthevillage heoncevisited when inwhich which that where inwhich which that 总结 1 引导词的确定必须用还原法2 先行词还原后如果在它前面要加上一个介词 那么说明它在定语从句中充当状语 通常用 when where why 来引导3 when where why 通常可以替换成 介词 which 仅限于定语从句中 4 如果先行词是表示 时间 地点 原因 的词 引导词并不一定是 when where why 也有可能是 which that 介词前置的定语从句 1 mandelawastheblacklawyertowhomiwentforadvice 2 hewasgenerouswithhistime forwhichiwasgrateful 3 thepartsoftowninwhichtheyhadtoliveweredecidedbywhitepeople 4 itwasaprisonfromwhichnooneescaped 5 heisamanofgreatexperience fromwhommuchcanbelearned 6 chapin forwhommoneywasnownoproblem startanewfilmcompanywithhisfriends 7 antarctica aboutwhichweknowverylittle iscoveredwiththickicealltheyearround 介词前置的定语从句 1 考点一 引导词which whom2 考点二 介词的确定 方法 还原法 先行词还原到定语从句中去 看看它与定语从句之间需要哪个介词来连接 例一 mandelawastheblacklawyer whomiwentforadvice whomiwentforadvice iwent mandelaforadvice to to 例二 itwasaprison whichnooneescaped whichnooneescaped nooneescaped theprison from from canyouworkthemout 1 thesungivesusheatandlight whichwecan tlive 2 thestudent whomweweretalkingjustnowisthebeststudentinourclass 3 i llneverforgettheday whichshesaidgood byetome 4 whocangivemethereason whichhehasn tturnedupyet for about on without lookout don tgettooclosetothehouse roofisunderrepair a whichb whosec thatd ofwhich the 综合练习 1 i musingthepenwhichheboughtityesterday 2 isthatfactorywhichyourfatheronceworkedin 3 themanwhomispokeisfromcanada 4 july1 1999isthedaywhenwe llneverforget 去掉 which to theone 5 istillremembertheholidaysistayedwiththem 6 i mgoingtoworkinthehospitalwhereneedsme 7 thosethathaven tbeentothewestlakewillgatherattheschoolgate 8 idon tlikethewaywhichyoutalkedtoyourfriend in when who that which 9 thisisthelasttimewheni vegivenyoulessons 10 soontheycametoafarmhouse andinfrontofwhichsatasmallboy 11 weheardthenewswhichourteamwonthegame 12 thereasonwhichheexplaineditsoundsreasonable that that why it 13 thoseatthedeskwanttobuyticketswritedownyournames 14 thatwasthereasonbecauseshelookedold 15 taiwan thatweknow belongstochina as who why 16 thethirdplacewhichwearegoingtovisitishangzhou 17 which