「必修二 unit2 语法[精制课件]」.ppt

Grammar ThePassiveVoice 1 精制课件 A 主动语态表示主语是动作的 B 被动语态表示主语是动作的 Weplantedthetree Thetreewasplantedbyus 执行者 承受者 2 精制课件 1 不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁 e g Somenewcomputerswerestolenlastnight Thisbookwaspublishedin1981 2 强调动作的承受者 而不强调动作的执行者 e g ThewindowwasbrokenbyMike Thisbookwaswrittenbyhim 3 精制课件 4 精制课件 WespeakEnglish 主语 谓语 宾语 Englishisspokenbyus 5 精制课件 1 Peopleuseaknifeforcuttingthings Aknife forcuttingthings 2 Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth Thewindowsoftheirclassroom twiceamonth isused are cleaned EXERCISE 6 精制课件 3 Beijingheldthe29thOlympicGamesin2008 The29thOlympicGames inBeijingin2008 4 Thegovernmentbuiltmanynewbuildings stadiumsandroads Manynewbuildings stadiumsandroads bythegovernment werebuilt wereheld 7 精制课件 ChangethefollowingsentencesintothePassiveVoice 1 TheymakeTVsetsinthatfactory 2 NorthwestChinagrowsthebestcotton 3 TheyusethisroomforplayingPingpong 4 Bellinventedthetelephonein1876 TVsetsaremadeinthatfactory ThebestcottonisgrowninNorthwestChina ThisroomisusedforplayingPingpong ThetelephonewasinventedbyBellin1876 5 Themanagermadethemwork10hoursaday Theyweremadetowork10hoursaday 8 精制课件 9 精制课件 Theywillfinishtheworksoon Theworkwillbefinished bythem soon Myfatherwillnotpunishmeformymistake Iwill shallnotbepunishedbymyfatherformymistake 10 精制课件 Nobody allow toenterthestadiumwithoutaticket 2 Children notallow tomakeanoiseandupsetthecompetitors Iftheydo they takeaway fromthestadium Rulesfortheaudience willbeallowed won tbeallowed willbetakenaway 11 精制课件 3 Noanimals allow inthestadium 4 Cheatingbyathletes notexcuse They tell toleaveand punish 5 Nosmoking allow ifyouarediscovered you fine willbeallowed willnotbe willbetold excused willbepunished willbeallowed willbefined 12 精制课件 Theproblemisn tgoingtobediscussedatthemeetingtomorrow Arethesetreesgoingtobecutdown Yes theyare 13 精制课件 ThesportsmeetisnottobeheldonApril10th Arenewtextbookstobepublishednextweek No theyaren t 14 精制课件 1 Thework soon A willbefinishedB hasbeenfinishedC willfinishD finishes2 I ifIfinishtheworkwithinoneday shallbepraisedB wouldpraiseC willpraiseD praise EXERCISE 15 精制课件 3 Thesefilms untiltomorrowmorning can tdevelopB aren tdevelopingC won tbedevelopedD won tdevelop4 Allthoseoldbuildings downtomorrow A willbeknockedB willknockC willhaveknockedD knock 16 精制课件 5 Apartyisgoingto tonight Wouldyouliketogowithme I dliketo butIhavetolookaftermysickmother A organizeB havebeenorganizedC beorganizingD beorganized 6 Nodecision aboutanyfutureappointmentuntilallthecandidateshavebeeninterviewed 2008北京 A willbemadeB ismadeC isbeingmadeD hasbeenmade 17 精制课件 7 Inthenearfuture moreadvancesintherobottechnology byscientists 2011湖南 A aremakingB aremadeC willmakeD willbemade 18 精制课件 Translation 他一到达这个城市就会被认出 Hewillberecognizedassoonashearrivesatthiscity 这部新电影将在下周四上映 ThenewfilmwillbeshownnextThursday 我们不会受到邀请 Wewillnotbeinvited 2020年奥运会将在日本的东京举行 The2020OlympicGameswillbeheldinTokyo Japan 19 精制课件 ThePresentPerfectPassiveVoice现在完成时的被动语态 20 精制课件 现在完成时 have has 过去分词 现在完成时的被动语态 have has been 过去分词 21 精制课件 1 Inthelastfewyearsthousandsoffilms allovertheworld 天津2011 A haveproducedB havebeenproducedC areproducingD arebeingproduced 从A B C D四个选项中 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 22 精制课件 2 EveryyearafloodoffarmersarriveinShenzhenforthemoney makingjobsthey beforeleavingtheirhometowns 福建2010 promisedB werepromisedC havepromisedD havebeenpromised3 Hissisterlefthomein1998 and since 2009全国卷I A hadnotbeenheardofB hasnotbeenheardofC hadnotheardofD hasnotheardof 23 精制课件 4 IliketheseEnglishsongsandthey manytimesontheradio 安徽2008 A taughtB havetaughtC aretaughtD havebeentaught5 Thoughwedon tknowwhatwasdiscussed yetwecanfeelthetopic 陕西2008 A hadchangedB willchangeC waschangedD hasbeenchanged 24 精制课件 6 Igotcaughtintherainandmysuit 北京2007 hasruinedB hadruinedC hasbeenruinedD hadbeenruined7 Experimentsofthiskind inboththeU S andEuropewellbeforetheSecondWorldWar 北京2011 haveconductedB havebeenconductedC hadconductedD hadbeenconducted 25 精制课件 1 Theyhavefinishedtheconstructionofthenewrailwaylinesbynow Theconstructionofthenewrailwaylineshasbeenfinishedbythembynow 2 Chinahassentupman madesatellitesintospace Man madesatelliteshavebeensentupintospace EXERCISE ChangethefollowingsentencesintothePassiveVoice 26 精制课件 3 Wehavebuiltanewlibraryandagymnasiuminourschoolthisyear Anewlibraryandagymnasiumhavebeenbuiltinourschoolthisyearbyus 4 Thecarfactoryhasproducedagreatmanyfinecarssincethetechnologicalrevolution Agreatmanyfinecarshavebeenproducedbythecarfactorysincethetechnologicalrevolution 27 精制课件 5 Theyhavemadeaplantohelpthepoorchildreninthepoorarea Aplanhasbeenmadebythemtohelpthepoorchildreninthepoorarea 6 ThegovernmenthasspentalotofmoneyontheHopeProject AlotofmoneyhasbeenspentontheHopeProjectbythegovernment 28 精制课件 主语 am is are being 过去分词 现在进行时的被动语态 结构 用法 表示说话人说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作 经常和时间副词now 现在 rightnow 现在 此刻 atpresent 现在 目前 atthismoment 此刻 连用 29 精制课件 1 表示说话时正在进行的一个动作 主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系 强调主语是动作的承受者 e g OurEnglishisbeingtaughtbyMissWangnow 意义 瞧 那个婴儿正由他的姑姑照料着 Look Thebabybyheraunt isbeingtakencareof 30 精制课件 2 表示这一段时间正在进行的一个被动的动作 Manyspeechesarebeingheldthesedays 新的功能目前正在添加到相机上 Newfunctionsthecameraatpresent arebeingaddedto 3 表示按计划或安排将要进行的一个被动动作 今晚将要进行一场圣诞晚会 Apartytonight isbeingheld 31 精制课件 从A B C D四个选项中 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 1 Itisreportedthatmanyanewhouse atpresentinthedisasterarea 陕西2010 A arebeingbuiltB werebeingbuiltC wasbeingbuiltD isbeingbuilt 32 精制课件 2 TraditionalfolkartsofTianjinlikepapercutting atthecultureshowofthe2010ShanghaiWorldExpo 天津2010 areexhibitingB isexhibitingC arebeingexhibitedD isbeingexhibited 33 精制课件 3 Hi Terry canIuseyourcomputerforawhilethisafternoon Sorry 江苏2009 A It srepairedB IthasbeenrepairedC It sbeingrepairedD Ithadbeenrepaired 34 精制课件 4 Wouldyoupleasekeepsilent Theweatherreport andIwanttolisten 湖南2009 isbroadcastB isbeingbroadcastC hasbeenbroadcastD hadbeenbroadcast 35 精制课件 5 Whydon twechoosethatroadtosavetime Thebridgetoit 四川2009 A hasrepairedB isrepairedC isbeingrepairedD willberepaired 36 精制课件 6 What sthatnoise Oh Iforgottotellyou Thenewmachine 浙江2008 A wastestedB willbetestedC isbeingtestedD hasbeentested 37 精制课件 I 用所给词的适当形式填空 1 A WhereisKate B She criticize bytheteacherintheoffice 2 A Wherearethechildren B They takecareof bytheiraunt isbeingcriticized arebeingtakencareof 38 精制课件 3 A Whatishappeningoverthere B Aparty hold isbeingheld 4 Whyitissonoisyoutthere Oh it sbecausetheroad repair isbeingrepaired 39 精制课件 II 用被动语态改写下列句子 1 Theyarestudyingthemiludeerattheresearchcentre Themiludeeris arebeingstudiedattheresearchcentre 2 Sheisteachingtheboyalesson Theboyisbeingtaughtalesson 40 精制课件 3 Nowheismakingthegirllaugh 4 Theyarerevisingthelawstoprotecttherightsofwomenandchildren Nowthegirlisbeingmadetolaugh Thelawsarebeingrevisedtoprotecttherightsofwomenandchildren 41 精制课件 7 Youshouldwatertreesoften 8 Youmustnotplanttreesinverydryearth Treesshouldbewateredoften Treesmustnotbeplantedinverydryearth 42 精制课件 一般现在时 am is are p p done 一般过去时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 被动语态的构成 was were p p done will shallbe p p done am is aregoingtobe p p done wouldbe p p done am is arebeing p p done was werebeing p p done have hasbeen p p done hadbeen p p done 43 精制课件 在什么情况下不能使用被动语态呢 1 表示状态的动词 如have cost fit last own hold become等往往不能用于被动语态 例如 Theshirtfitshimverywell Heisfittedverywellbytheshirt 正 误 44 精制课件 2 祈使句一般没有被动语态 例如 Lookattheblackboard please Theblackboardislookedatbyyou 正 误 45 精制课件 3 某些及物动词的宾语表示处所 地点 组织时不能用于被动语态 例如 HejoinedtheLeaguein1998 TheLeaguewasjoinedbyhimin1998 正 误 46 精制课件 4 反身代词在句中作宾语时 不能用被动语态 例如 Youmustlookafteryourself Yourselfmustbelookedafter 正 误 47 精制课件 5 不及物动词没有被动语态 happen发生 rise升起 fall落下 fail失败 occur发生 exist存在 remain仍然 保持 appear出现 disappear消失 last持续 48 精制课件 6 系动词没有被动语态 taste尝起来 sound听起来 feel摸起来 smell闻起来 look看起来 49 精制课件 7 不及物动词短语没有被动语态 belongto属于 takeplace发生 举行 comeabout产生 发生 breakout爆发 datebackto追溯到 datefrom追溯到 cometoanend结束 runout用完 耗尽 comeintobeing形成 产生 referto提到 说到cometolife苏醒过来 consistof由 组成catchfire着火 50 精制课件 主动表示被动的若干情况 51 精制课件 1 当open close shut lock move等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时 通常用主动形式表示被动意义 Thedoorwon tshut 这门关不上 Thesupermarketdoorsshutautomatically 超市的门是自动关的 52 精制课件 该用法的不及物动词通常与can t won t等连用 注意它与用被动语态含义不同 Thewindowwon tshut 这窗户关不上 说明主语的属性 窗户有问题了 Thewindowwon tbeshut 这窗户将不用关上 窗户本身没问题 只是不用关 53 精制课件 2 当read wash clean cook cut wear carry等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时 通常要用主动形式表示被动意义 Theclothwasheswell 这种布料好洗 Thebooksellsquickly 这书销售得快 Thisshirtwillwearverylong 这衬衫可以穿很久 54 精制课件 3 某些表示开始和结束的动词 begin start finish end等 当主语为事物且不强调动作的执行者时 可用主动形式表示被动意义 Whendoestheconcertbegin Theplayendedatteno clock 55 精制课件 4 不定式toblame tolet用作表语时 通常要用主动形式表示被动 Whoistoblame 该怪谁呢 T