上海市控江中学2018-2019学年高二英语上学期10月阶段性测试试题（含解析）.doc

上海市控江中学2018-2019学年高二英语上学期10月阶段性测试试题（含解析）part onei.cloze (30%)directions: for each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked a, b,c and d. fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的a、b、c、d四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项, 并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1-15的相应位置上。people think children should play sports. sports are fun, and children keep healthy while playing with others. however, playing sports can have_1_effects on children. it may produce feelings of poor self-respect or aggressive behavior in some children. according to research on kids and sports,40,000,000 kids play sports in the us. of these,18,000,000 say they have been_2_at or called names while playing sports. this leaves many children with a bad_3_of sports. they think sports are just too aggressive.many researchers believe adults, especially parents and coaches, are the main_4_of too much aggression in childrens sports. they believe children_5_aggressive adult behavior. this behavior is then further strengthened through both positive and negative feedback. parents and coaches are powerful teachers because children usually look up to them. often these adults behave aggressively themselves, sending children the message that_6_is everything. many parents go to childrens sporting events and shout_7_at other players or cheer when their child behaves_8_as well, children are even taught that hurting other players is_9_or are pushed to continue playing even when they are injured._10_,the media makes violence seem exciting. children watch adult sports games and see violent behavior replayed over and over on television.as a society, we really need to_11_this problem and do something about it. parents and coaches_12_should act as better examples for children. they also need to teach children better_13_they should not just cheer when children win or act aggressively. they should teach children to_14_themselves whether they win or not. besides, children should not be allowed to continue to play when they are injured. if adults allow children to play when injured, this gives the message that_15_is not as important as winning.1. a. restrictiveb. negativec. actived. instructive2. a. knockedb. glancedc. smiledd. shouted3. a. impressionb. conceptc. tasted. expectation4. a. resourceb. causec. coursed. consequence5. a. questionb. understandc. copyd. neglect6. a. winningb. practisingc. fund. sport7. a. praisesb. ordersc. remarksd. insults8. a. proudlyb. ambitiouslyc. aggressivelyd. bravely9. a. acceptableb. impolitec. possibled. accessible10. a. by contrastb. in additionc. as a resultd. after all11. a. look up tob. face up toc. make up ford. come up with12. a. in particularb. in allc. in returnd. in advance13. a. techniquesb. meansc. valuesd. directions14. a. respectb. relaxc. forgived. enjoy15. a. bodyb. famec. healthd. spirit【答案】1. b 2. d 3. a 4. b 5. c 6. a 7. d 8. c 9. a 10. b 11. b 12. a 13. c 14. d 15. c【解析】略part twoii. grammar(11%)section adirections: after reading the passage below fill in each blank with the proper forms of the given words to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.sports shoes that work out _16_ their owner has enough exercise to warrant time in front of the television have been devised in the uk. the shoes named square eyes contain an electronic pressure sensor and a tiny computer chip to record how many steps the wearer has taken in a day. a wireless transmitter passes the information to a receiver _17_ (connect) to a television, and this decides how much evening viewing time the wearer deserves, based on the days efforts.the design was inspired by a desire to fight _18_ the rapidly ballooning waistlines among british teenagers, says gillian swan, _19_ developed square eyes as a final year design project at brunel university to london, uk. “we looked at current issues and childhood overweight really stood out,” she says. “and i wanted to tackle that with my design.” _20_ a child has used up their daily allowance gained through exercise, the television automatically _21_ (switch) off. and further time in front of the tv _22_ only be earned through more steps.swan calculated how exercise should translate to television time using the recommended daily amounts of _23_. health experts suggest that a child take 12,000 steps each day and watch no more than two hours of television. so, every 100 steps recorded by the square eyes shoes _24_ (equal) precisely one minute of tv time.existing pedometers（计步器）normally clip onto a belt or slip into a pocket and keep count of steps by measuring sudden movement. swan says these can be easily tricked _25_ recording steps through shaking. but her shoe has been built to be _26_ (hard) for lazy teenagers to cheat. “it is possible, but it would be a lot of effort,” she says. “that was one of my main design considerations.”【答案】16. whether 17. connected 18. against 19. who 20. once 21. switches 22. can 23. both 24. equals 25. into 26. harder【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文主要介绍了一款记录孩子跑步数和看电视时间的鞋子，以限制孩子看电视时间，避免孩子肥胖。【16题详解】考查连接词。分析句子可知，work out 后接宾语从句，宾语从句的主语为 their owner，谓语为has，宾语为 enough exercise。句中缺少表示“是否”的连接词whether。故填 whether。【17题详解】考查形容词短语。be connected to “与连接”为固定短语。本句为ed结尾的形容词短语作receiver的后置定语。故填connected。【18题详解】考查介词。由“ rapidly ballooning waistlines”可知，空处应填against。fight against“跟斗争”为固定短语。故填against。【19题详解】考查关系代词。分析句子可知，gillian swan为先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作developed的主语，所以关系代词为who。故填who。【20题详解】考查从属连词。分析句子可知，本句为once引导的时间状语从句。故填once。【21题详解】考查一般现在时。once引导的时间状语从句，主句为一般现在时，主语为the television ，谓语为switches。故填switches。【22题详解】考查情态动词。句意：而看电视的时间只能通过更多的走步来获得。分析句子可知，本句缺少情态动词can。故填can。【23题详解】考查代词。句意：swan利用推荐的日常锻炼和看电视的时间，来计算如何将锻炼时间转换为看电视的时间。分析句子可知，swan利用推荐的日常锻炼和看电视的时间。所以“日常锻炼和看电视的时间”是两者。故填both。【24题详解】考查一般现在时。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，主语为 every 100 steps，谓语为equals。every和数字连用时,后面接复数名词，谓语用单数。故填equals。【25题详解】考查介词。be tricked into“被诱使做某事”为固定短语。故填into。【26题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：但是她鞋子对那些企图作弊的懒孩子来说就有点困难。分析句子可知，鞋子的设计对那些企图作弊的懒孩子来说更难了。所以用形容词比较级harder。故填harder。【点睛】定语从句中关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：(1) 一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等。(2) 二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why。(3) 三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。分析小题4的句子可知，gillian swan为先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作developed的主语，所以关系代词为who。故填who。section bdirections: complete the following passage by using the words in the box. each word can only beused once. note that there is one word more than you need.youth sport has the _27_ to accomplish three important objectives in childrens development. first, sport programs can provide youth with opportunities to be _28_ active, which can lead to improved physical health. second, youth sport programs have long been considered important to youths psychosocial development, providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control. third, youth sport programs are _29_ for the learning of motor skills(运动技能); these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult sport _30_. when coachers develop activities for youth practices and when sport _31_ design youth-sport programs, they must consider the implication of deliberate play and deliberate practice.research from telama (2006) states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities during childhood and youth (ages nine to eighteen) increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females. ct (2002) defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment. these activities are regulated by flexible rules _32_ from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children or by an involved adult. children _33_ change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level. for example, children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment (e.g. in the street. on a playing field or in someones backyard). when _34_ in deliberate play activities, children are less concerned with the outcome of their outcome of their behavior (whether they win or lose) than with the behavior (having fun).on the other hand, ericsson (1993) suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvement in highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice. deliberate practice activities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are _35_ by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment. when individuals are involved in deliberate play, they experiment with different combinations of behaviors, but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance. in contrast, when _36_ are involved in deliberate practice, they exhibit behavior. focused on improving performance by the most effective means available. for example, the backhand skill in tennis could be learned and improved over time by playing matches or by creating fun practice situations. however, players could more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable.although the drills used in most effective means available practice might not be the most enjoyable, they might be the most relevant to improving performance.【答案】27. e 28. b 29. h 30. i 31. a 32. c 33. j 34. k 35. d 36. g【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了青少年运动有可能在孩子的发展中帮助孩子完成三个重要目标，强身健体、心理发展和运动技能。【27题详解】考查名词。分析句子可知。the后接名词，由“accomplish three important objectives”可知，空处填potential“潜能”have the potential to do sth “由潜能做某事”。故填e。【28题详解】考查副词。分析句子可知，本空应填副词来修饰形容词active，由“physical health”可知，空处填副词physically。故填b。【29题详解】考查形容词。be critical for“对.很重要”符合句意。故填h。【30题详解】考查名词复数。分析句子可知，由“future national sport stars”可知，空处填名词participants“参加者”。故填 i。【31题详解】考查主谓一致和名词复数。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，谓语为design ,所以主语为复数，由“coachers”可知，空处填organizations“组织”。故填a。【32题详解】考查ed结尾的形容词短语。be adapted from “根据改编”为固定短语，本句为形容词短语作后置定语。故填c。【33题详解】考查副词。分析句子可知，空处应填副词修饰动词changed, 由“their game is similar to the actual sport”可知，typically“通常地”符合句意。故填j。【34题详解】考查省略句。be involved in“参与.”为固定短语，且符合句意。本句为省略句，还原为：when children are involved in。故填 k。【35题详解】考查动词。be motivated by “被激励”符合句意。故填d。【36题详解】考查名词复数和主谓一致。分析句子可知，空处缺少主语，由“when individuals are involved in ”可知，空处填名词individuals“个人”。故填g。section bdirections: read the following three passages. each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. for each of them there are four choices marked a, b, c and d. choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(a)the 2012 london olympics had enough problems to worry about. but one more has just been added - a communications blackout caused by solar storms. after a period of calm within the sun, scientists have detected the signs of a flesh cycle of sunspots that could peak in 2012, just in time for the arrival of the olympic torch in london. now scientists believe that this peak could result in vast solar explosions that could throw billions of tons of charged matter towards the earth, causing strong solar storms that could jam the telecommunications satellites and interact links sending five olympic broadcast from london. the suns activity has a strong influence on the earth. the olympics could be in the middle of the next solar maximum which could affect the functions of communications satellites, said professor richard harrison, head of space physics at the rutherford appleton laboratory in oxfordshire. at the peak of the cycle, violent outbursts called coronal mass ejections (日冕物质抛射) occur in the suns atmosphere, throwing out great quantities of electrically-charged matter. a coronal mass ejection can carry a billion tons of solar material into space at over a million kilometres per hour. such events can expose astronauts to a deadly amount, can disable satellites, cause power failures on earth and disturb communications, professor harrison added. the risk is greatest during a solar maximum when there is the greatest number of sunspots. next week in america, nasa is scheduled to launch a satellite for monitoring solar activity called the solar dynamics observatory (sdo), which will take images of the sun that are 10 times clearer than the most advanced televisions available. the rutherford appleton laboratory helped to make the high-tech cameras that will capture images of the solar flares (太阳耀斑) and explosions as they occur. professor richard hold away, the labs director, said that the sdo should be able to provide early warning of a solar flare or explosion big enough to affect satellite communications on earth if we have advance warning, well be able to reduce the damage. what you dont want is things switching off for a week with no idea of whats caused the problem, he said.37. the phrase communications blackout in paragraph 1 most probably refers to during the 2012 olympics.a. the extinguishing of the olympic torchb. the collapse of broadcasting systemsc. the transportation breakdown in londond. the destruction of weather satellites38. what can be inferred about the solar activity described in the passage?a. the most fatal matter from the corona falls onto earth.b. the solar storm peak occurs in the middle of each cycle.c. it takes several seconds for the charged matter to reach earth.d. the number of sunspots declines after coronal mass ejections.39. according to the passage, nasa will launch a satellite to _.a. take images of the solar systemb. provide early warning of thunderstormsc. keep track of solar activitiesd. improve the communications on earth40. which of the following might be the best title of the passage?a. solar storms: an invisible killerb. solar storms: earth environment in dangerc. solar storms: threatening the human raced. solar storms: human activities to be troubled【答案】37. b 38. d 39. c 40. d【解析】(b)elixirwritten by eric walterstwelve-year-old roth becomes a friend of dr. banting and his assistant, mr. best,who are in search of a cure for diabetes (糖尿病). she finds herself torn between her sympathy for the animals being experimented on and her friendship with banting and best.george washington carverwritten by elizabeth macleodmeet the peanut specialist, george washington carver, the inventor and professor who made over 325 products out of peanuts. through his agricultural research, he also greatly improved the lives of countless black farmers in the southern unite states. see also macleods albert einstein: a life of genius.the inuit thought of it: amazing arctic innovationwritten by alootook ipellie and david macdonald.explore more than 40 ideas necessary to inuit survival. from ideas familiar to us today to inventive concepts that shaped their lives, celebrate the creativity of a remarkably intelligent people. also see other books: the chinese thought of it by tingxing ye and a native american thought of it by rocky landon and david macdonald.made in canada:101 amazing achievementswritten by bev spencerwhat things do we use daily that have a canadian connection? here are 101 common things that were invented in canada or by a canadian, including the blackberry, alkaline (碱) batteries the blue box recycling program.newton and the time machinewritten by michael mcgowanten-year-old boy newton has invented a time machine to see dinosaurs up close.but it disappears on a test run with his two huge friends, king herbert and queen gertrude, in it! can he save them before time runs out?41. which of the following best describes roths feeling in book 1?a. frightened.b. curious.c. painful.d. disappointed.42. which of the following is true according to the passage?a. book 3 introduces 40 inventive concepts.b. animals are mentioned in book 1 and book 5.c. alkaline batteries were invented by dr. banting.d. george washington carver was a black farmer in the us.43. in book 5, king herbert and queen gertrude are _.a. newtons human friendsb. the names of the time machinec. the inventions of the time machined. two dinosaurs44. if you are interested in native americans, you may read the book by _.a. elizabeth macleodb. eric waltersc. rocky london & david macdonaldd. bev spencer【答案】41. c 42. b 43. d 44. c【解析】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了五本书，包括书名称、作者、书的主要内容。【41题详解】推理判断题。由elixir中的“she finds herself torn between her sympathy for the animals being experimented on and her friendship with banting and best.”可知，roth发现自己在同情那些被试验的动物和banting and best的友谊之间感到左右为难。所以通过关键词“ torn”可以判断出，painful“痛苦的”能够描述第一本书中roth的情感。故选c项。42题详解】细节理解题。由elixir中的“her sympathy for the animals”和newton and the time machine中的“to see dinosaurs up close”可知，在第一本和第五本书中都提到了动物。故选b项。【43题详解】细节理解题。由newton and the time machine中的“ten-year-old boy newton has invented a time machine to see dinosaurs up close. but it disappears on a test run with his two huge friends, king herbert and queen gertrude, in it!”可知，10岁的孩子牛顿发明了一台能够密切观察恐龙的机器，但是这台机器和机器里的两个朋友king herbert 和queen gertrude消失了。发明机器是为了观察恐龙，所以king herbert 和queen gertrude是两只恐龙。故选d项。【44题详解】细节理解题。由the inuit thought of it: amazing arctic innovation中的“.a native american thought of it by rocky landon and david macdonald”可知，如果你对美国原住民感兴趣，你可以读rocky landon and david macdonald写的书。故选c项。(c)look to many of historys cultural symbols, and there youll find an ancestor of frosty, the snowman in the movie frozen. it appeared on some of